Chapter 15
Sokolow, et al. (1981) reported in their survey of patients in New York alcoholism rehabilitation programs that almost __________% used at least one other drug in the 30 days before treatment.
50
Hunt, Barnett, and Branch (1971) showed that __________% of the individuals treated for alcohol, tobacco, or heroin abuse in abstinence-oriented programs had returned to their primary substance use three months after treatment.
70
_________ is a pharmacotherapy for alcoholism that affects the NMDA receptor and the metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Acamprosate
__________ is a self-help group for alcohol abusers that was founded by Dr. Bob and Bill W.
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
The __________ model is the foundation for Alcoholics Anonymous (AA).
American disease
Which of the following drugs has FDA approval for treatment of alcohol-use disorders?
Antabuse
__________ is the greatest barrier to changing a substance abuse problem.
Denial
__________ involves the medical management of alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
Detoxification
Individuals with genetic polymorphism in the _____ receptor tend to be more responsive to naltrexone's effects on alcohol use.
GABA
A needle exchange program would be an example of the _________ approach to substance abuse.
Harm Reduction
___________ is a non-medical treatment for alcohol use disorders in which verbal psychotherapy is used to encourage the individual to move forward in the stages of changing alcohol-use patterns.
Motivational enhancement
__________ are people working in direct patient care and not possessing a formal degree.
Paraprofessionals
Which of the following self-help movements stopped holding meetings in 1999 and now condemns the self-help movement?
Rational Recovery
__________ is an educational movement that is based on cognitive-behavioral principles and the Addictive Voice Recognition Technique.
Rational Recovery (RR)
The focus of _________ is on four key areas: motives for use, beliefs, emotions, and behavior.
SMART
__________ is a self-help group that is purported to be based on methods that are scientifically validated and is led by a coordinator who has maintained a period of sobriety or has never had an alcohol problem.
SMART
The Sobriety Priority Program is the philosophy that underlies __________.
Secular Organizations for Sobriety (SOS)
__________ is an approach in which a person's withdrawal is monitored by professional staff in a treatment setting, but no drugs are administered.
Social detoxification
__________ refers to the resolution of a problem without the use of formal treatment.
Spontaneous remission
Which of the following is likely to result as a consequence of the 2010 Affordable Care Act?
There will be greater demand for substance abuse treatment.
________ differs from AA in that there is no emphasis on spirituality or a higher power.
all of these
What is typically the first step in the substance abuse treatment process?
assessment
Which of the following results have been reported in research conducted on the effectiveness of therapeutic communities?
associated with a more productive life after discharge if stay is long enough
Why is methadone used in the treatment of heroin abuse?
because it blocks the addict's craving for heroin
The treatment most clearly implied from the __________ model is to advise at risk people of their risk for developing a substance use disorder and perhaps to counsel them to avoid alcohol or drugs.
biological
The _________ model is especially important because of its prevalence in the United States.
disease
Which of the following is an alcohol-sensitizing drug?
disulfiram
Drug therapeutic communities are most often run by __________.
ex-addicts
In a recent study in Canada, heroin addicts who failed in methadone treatment were successful when prescribed _________.
heroin
In __________ there is considerable attention given to the medical aspects of alcohol problems.
inpatient hospital treatment
An example of a(n) ____________ would be Milieu treatment
intermediate setting
Halfway houses are an example of a(n) __________.
intermediate setting
Why is levo-alpha-acetylmethadol sometimes used as a substitute for methadone?
it has longer-lasting effects
__________ is the last stage of the stages of change model.
maintenance
According to the __________ model, treatment consists of spiritual or legal intervention.
moral
In the _________ model, individuals are seen as personally responsible for problems they incur from their drug and alcohol use.
moral
An important antidrug drug used to treat opiate dependence is __________, an opiate antagonist.
naltrexone
__________ is an opiate antagonist that may help in recovery from alcohol dependence.
naltrexone
Narcotics Anonymous evolved with a concentration on ________
opiates
According to the stages of change model, individuals in the __________ stage often have not acknowledged a problem.
precontemplation
Individuals in the __________ stage are typically on the edge of taking action to change.
preparation
In Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), the beginning of recovery occurs when the alcoholic __________.
recognizes his/her powerlessness over alcohol
According to the __________ model, treatment includes arranging a person's environment so that nonabuse of psychoactive substances is reinforced.
social learning
Taxation of beverage alcohol would be an example of an intervention based on the __________ model.
sociocultural
More people resolve their substance abuse problems through ___________ than any other way.
spontaneous remission
Why is it difficult to assess the effectiveness of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)?
the members are anonymous
Which of the following is not true about self-help groups?
they are led by group leaders who have recovered
Sokolow's 1981 study showed that patients arriving for alcohol treatment were most likely to also use _____.
tranquilizers
What is the primary problem impacting the effectiveness of drug treatment programs?
treatment drop-out
Which of the following is not true of A.A.?
with it's emphasis on God, the program is only appropriate for those who accept Western religious beliefs
