Chapter 15

______ disorders affect a person's sense of self and capacity for relationships with others.

personality

______ disorders are chronic, maladaptive cognitive-behavioral patterns that are thoroughly integrated into an individual's identity.

personality

Which of the following is an example of a compulsion?

Alex has to wash his hands many times a day because he fears germs.

Which of the following exemplifies obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Anne has intrusive thoughts that something bad might happen to her family if she doesn't double check all of the locks on the doors and windows.

In which type of disorder do feelings of apprehension or tension occur without an obvious external cause, affecting daily functioning? Multiple choice question. Anxiety disorders Personality disorders Mood disorders Somatoform disorders

Anxiety disorders

Which form of bipolar disorder refers to the milder version in which the individual may experience a less extreme level of euphoria?

Bipolar II disorder

Helen has a history of unstable interpersonal relationships, is highly emotional, and has been described as impulsive in a variety of contexts since she was 20. Which personality disorder could help best explain these symptoms?

Borderline personality disorder

Which of the following situations describes the definition of a phobia?

Brent is deathly afraid of spiders, and this is a problem for him because he repairs heating systems.

_____ are false, unusual, and sometimes magical beliefs that are not part of an individual's culture.

Delusions

Which of the following are psychological factors that can contribute to suicide?

Depression Stress Anxiety

Which of the following are the main types of mood disorders?

Depressive disorders, Bipolar disorders

A deficiency in the neurotransmitter _________ is among the biological factors for generalized anxiety disorder.

GABA

What disorder is characterized by long-term, persistent anxiety, and uncontrollable worry? Multiple choice question. Panic disorder Generalized anxiety disorder Obsessive compulsive disorder Agoraphobia

Generalized anxiety disorder

__________ are sensory experiences that occur in the absence of real stimuli.

Hallucinations

Which of the following are true in regard to schizophrenia? (Choose every correct answer.)

It is a serious psychological disorder Schizophrenics are often socially withdrawn and isolated It is characterized by disordered thought

______ is a disorder that develops through exposure to a traumatic event, severely oppressive situations, severe abuse, and natural and unnatural disasters.

PTSD

Which of the following are most likely categorized as depressive disorders?

Persistent depressive disorder, Major depressive disorder

Having harsh (or even impossible) self-standards would be considered what type of risk factor for generalized anxiety disorder? Multiple choice question. Biological Psychological Genetic Medical

Psychological

_______ refers to a state in which a person's perceptions and thoughts are fundamentally removed from reality.

Psychosis

True or false: Obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic disorder both involved anxiety, but they are not classified as anxiety disorders in DSM-5.

T

According to various research studies, identify a true statement about people with psychological disorders.

They are more likely to be physically ill than their psychologically healthy counterparts.

A personality disorder is characterized by

a set of inflexible, maladaptive behavior patterns that keep a person from functioning appropriately in society.

Biological views of psychological disorders fall into three main categories: Multiple select question. brain structures genetic factors neurotransmitter functioning cultural variations

a,b,c

Which of the following could be examples of manic episodes in bipolar disorder? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Lara suddenly decides to fly around the world and works on her plan nonstop. Ellie stays up all night and cleans the house two times over. Randy sleeps twelve to fourteen hours every night. Adam goes on an all-day shopping spree and empties his checkbook.

a,b,d

Which of the following are possible causes of panic disorders? Multiple select question. Panic disorders may be learned associations between bodily cues of respiration and fear. Some people feel panic because they are afraid they will do something awful. Panic disorders may have a genetic component that impacts hormone regulation.

a,c

Julian can be charismatic, but he is also ruthless and seems to operate without any regard for the rights or feelings of others. Julian is currently in jail and has been diagnosed with a personality disorder. Julian most likely has __________ personality disorder.

antisocial

Kevin has had numerous involvements with the legal system. He has 3 children by different women whom he has never married. He is currently incarcerated for dealing drugs and has been diagnosed with a personality disorder by the prison psychiatrist. What personality disorder best describes Kevin?

antisocial personality disorder

__________ disorders are psychological disorders that feature fears that are uncontrollable, disproportionate to the actual danger the person might be in, and disruptive of ordinary life.

anxiety

When an individual with OCD engages in a ritual that prevents a bad outcome, but doesn't stop doing that ritual to determine if the bad outcome wouldn't have occurred, this is an example of ______ learning

avoidance

Sam worries that he will acquire an infection and as such washes his hands three consecutive times after touching new objects. He believes that germs growing on these objects could harm him. For the last six months, Sam hasn't been sick which seems to reinforce the importance of washing his hands. He also hasn't stopped this ritual to find out if he would have stayed healthy anyway. This is an example of

avoidance learning

Which of the following are considered neurodevelopmental disorders? Multiple select question. obsessive compulsive disorder attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder autism spectrum disorder major depressive disorder

b,c

Which of the following are symptoms of major depression? Multiple select question. Heart palpitations Trouble sleeping Weight loss Feeling worthless Paralysis of the hand Difficulty breathing

b,c,d

Which of the following are the four common types of anxiety disorders? Multiple select question. Specific phobia Social anxiety disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder Generalized anxiety disorder Panic disorder

b,e

Schizophrenia can have _____ , psychological, and environmental causes.

biological

The ____________ approach to psychological disorders attributes disorders to organic, internal causes.

biological

Genetic influences are stronger predictors of ______ disorder than of depressive disorder.

bipolar

The mood disorder characterized by extreme mood swings that include one or more episodes of mania is known as

bipolar disorder

______ personality disorder characterizes individuals who are often emotionally unstable, impulsive, unpredictable, irritable, and anxious.

borderline

Which of the following statements are true regarding the DSM-5? Multiple select question. The DSM has been revised once since 1952. It is the only diagnostic system. It was approved in 2013. It is published by the American Psychiatric Association.

c,d

Psychiatrists and psychologists have devised a system to ____ abnormal behavior into specific disorders, which provides a common basis for communicating among professionals. Multiple choice question. diagnose classify

classify

Classifying psychological disorders provides a common basis for ______ among professionals. Multiple choice question. hypothesizing communicating stereotyping stigmatizing

communicating

Caleb has disturbing, recurring thoughts and then he finds that he must act upon them. Acting upon these disturbing thoughts are ______.

compulsions

_______ are firmly held, unshakable beliefs with no basis in reality and they commonly occur with schizophrenia.

delusions

A situation in which a person suffers from an unrelenting lack of pleasure in life is a(n) ______ disorder.

depressive

_______ mood dysregulation disorder is a depressive disorder in children who show persistent irritability and recurrent episodes of out-of-control behavior.

disruptive

_____ disorders are psychological disorders that involve a sudden loss of memory or change in identity.

dissociative

Which of the following are disorders that involve trauma?

dissociative identity disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder

People with schizophrenia may have ______, the experience of perceiving things that do not actually exist.

hallucinations

For the past three weeks, Amin has felt lethargic, had problems sleeping and making decisions, lost pleasure and interest in activities he previously enjoyed, and has had feelings of worthlessness. The most likely diagnosis for Amin is

major depressive disorder

Carrie has bipolar disorder. One morning she wakes up convinced that she needs a new car, in spite of her bad financial situation. Carrie may be experiencing a ______ _______

manic episode

Dissociation is thought to be a person's way of dealing with extreme stress by

mentally protecting the conscious self from the traumatic event.

_____ disorders typically manifest in childhood and are linked to genetic variations, abnormal brain development, or prenatal exposure to toxins that adversely affect development.

neurodevelopmental

A specific class of anxiety disorder, _______ disorder may have a genetic component that impacts hormone regulation, and also may be learned associations between bodily cues of respiration and fear.

panic

Adele has experienced a number of individual periods of terror where she sweats, trembles, feels dizzy, and is quite certain that she is "going crazy." Her physician has assured her that there is no medical reason for these episodes. What is Adele's most likely diagnosis?

panic disorder

What disorder is characterized by the following symptoms: heart palpitations, shortness of breath, and faintness?

panic disorder

Rick has been distressed over a long period of time. He has had problems coping with life and relating to people. He tries to avoid meeting people, as he thinks his breathing can be dangerous for others. He also believes that washing his face seven times an hour will keep him healthy. Rick meets all the criteria for abnormal behavior, which is defined as involving

personal distress, maladaptive behavior, and deviance.

_________ factors that can contribute to suicide include psychological disorders and traumatic experiences.

psychological

Barry has been experiencing perceptions and thoughts that are removed from reality. He is experiencing _______.

psychosis

Obsessions are ______ thoughts.

recurrent

When Professor Stewart is in front of students in the lecture hall, he often forgets his lecture and begins to mispronounce terms. Professor Stewart is currently experiencing

social anxiety

______ _____ disorder is characterized by an intense fear of being embarrassed in a social situation.

social anxiety

The DSM-5, also known as the Diagnostic and ________ Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, was approved in 2013 by the American Psychiatric Association.

statistical