Chapter 15: Evolution by Natural Selection
One species will sometimes diversify in a relatively short time into a number of different species in a pattern called
Adaptative Radiation
A population is divided by a barrier, each population evolves separately, and eventually the 2 populations cannot successfully interbreed in...
Allopatric Speciation
Birds wings and butterfly wings that have the same function but different structures
Analogous Structure
DNA and RNA comparisons that might indicate evolutionary relationships
Comparative Biochemistry
...will shift populations toward a beneficial but extreme trait value.
Directional Selection
...removes individuals with average trait values, creating 2 populations with extreme traits.
Disruptive Selection...
Darwin discovered that the Galapagos mockingbirds were different species.
False
Darwin named the process by which evolution proceeds artificial selection.
False
The environments that Darwin studied exhibited little biological diversity.
False
A change in allelic frequencies in a population that is due stop chance is...
Genetic Drift
The idea that evolution occurred in small steps over millions of years in a speciation model is currently known as
Gradualism
Modified structure seen among different groups of descendants
Homologous Structure
A change in the size or frequency o a trait based on competition for mates is...
Sexual Selection
The most common form of selection, removes organisms with extreme expressions a trait is...
Stabilizing Selection
A species evolved into a new species without any barriers that separate the populations in...
Sympatric Speciation
Charles Darwin served as naturalist on the HMS Beagle.
True
While in the Galapagos Islands, Darwin noticed slight differences in the animals from one island to the next.
True
A body structure that is no longer used for its original function but that might have been used in an ancestor
Vestigal Structure
Eyes in a species of blind fish
Vestigal Structure
are traits shared by species with a common ancestor
ancestral traits
are newly evolved features such as feathers
derived traits
thought to be the ancestor of birds
dinosaur
Traits that enable individuals to survive or reproduce better than individuals without those traits are called -reproduction-.
false, adaptations
-Geographic distribution- is the study of the distribution of plants and animals on Earth.
false, biogeography
Mimicry involves a harmless species that has evolved to closely resemble a -beneficial- one.
false, harmful
show that the species present on Earth have changed over time
fossils
When a small sample of the main population settles in a location separated from the main population, the...can occur
founder effect
thought to be the ancestor of armadillos
glyptodont
-Antibiotic resistance- is a form of adaptation that causes some diseases to come back in more harmful forms.
true
Evolutionary theory predicts that species respond to similar -environments- in similar ways.
true
Mimicry and camouflage are morphological adaptations that increase a species' -fitness-.
true
Similar environments can lead to the -evolution- of similar animals, even if they are not close relatives.
true
