Chapter 15 History 108

What does it reveal about the impact of emancipation?

*Former slaves built their own churches and schools on the plantation. *Former slaves no longer lived in communal housing, but had their own quarters. *Former slaves occupied and farmed their own plots of land.

Identify the ways in which blacks celebrated their freedom.

*by purchasing guns and alcohol *by traveling *by attending mass meetings and religious services

Why did Congress bring articles of impeachment against Andrew Johnson?

He violated the Tenure of Office Act.

Why was education so important to freed blacks?

They wanted the opportunity to take part in politics. They wanted to be able to read the Bible. They wanted to prepare to participate in the economic marketplace.

The Fifteenth Amendment divided the women's movement, as some of its leaders, who were disappointed that it didn't enfranchise woman, separated from their former antislavery allies, while others stayed aligned with them in support of the greater cause for equal rights for all.

True

Fill in the blanks to complete the sentence describing the first state that gave women the right to vote.

In 1869, (Wyoming) became the first state in the Union to establish woman suffrage because of the need to (attract settlers.)

The Fifteenth Amendment prohibited the federal and state governments from denying any citizen the right to vote because of race.

True

The Fourteenth Amendment established the principle of citizenship for all persons born in the United States and empowered the federal government to protect the rights of all Americans.

True

Identify the statements that describe the objectives of the Freedmen's Bureau.

establish schools for blacks settle disputes between blacks and whites secure equal treatment for blacks before the courts provide aid to the poor and aged

Identify the provisions of the Radical plan for Reconstruction.

temporary division of the South into military districts creation of new state governments state guarantees of black men's right to vote the Fourteenth Amendment

Why did northern Republican support for Reconstruction diminish in the 1870s?

*Many northerners believed that the South should be able to solve its own problems. *Many believed that the federal government had created the conditions of freedom, and success was now up to blacks. *Many of the Radical Republicans who had established the Reconstruction plan had died.

Why did southerners oppose Reconstruction?

*Poor southern whites did not experience the improvement to their economic situation as they had hoped. *Southern whites could not accept the idea of blacks' equality. *Reconstruction governments were corrupt.

How did the Black Codes attempt to regulate the lives of former slaves?

*They did not allow blacks to vote. *They denied blacks the right to testify in court against whites. *They denied blacks the right to serve in state militias. *They prohibited blacks from serving on juries.

Identify the statements that describe sharecropping.

*a compromise between blacks' desire for landownership and whites' need to discipline their labor force *required farmers to divide the crop with the landowner at the end of the year *guaranteed planters a stable labor force *preferred by former slaves because it allowed them to work without white supervision

Identify the components of Andrew Johnson's plan for Presidential Reconstruction.

*abolition of slavery *pardon nearly all white southerners who took an oath of allegiance to the Union *appointment of provisional governors *refusal to pay Confederate debts *repudiation of secession *state conventions to establish new, loyal state governments

Identify the statements that describe the Civil Rights Bill of 1866.

*defined all persons born in the United States as citizens *ensured all citizens enjoyed a set of basic rights

Identify the statements below that describe the Reconstruction amendments.

*served as the constitutional basis for the civil rights movement of the 1960s *consisted of three amendments, which ultimately led to the incorporation of black Americans into society as citizens

Identify the factors that contributed to the weakening of northern support for Reconstruction.

*the Supreme Court's failure to fully uphold the rights of blacks *the economic depression of the early 1870s *the growth of Democratic power in Congress northern journalists' depictions of *the failure of southern black leadership

Identify the groups the Ku Klux Klan targeted.

*white Republicans *teachers *blacks who became landowners *African-American political leaders

The new state governments under the control of Republicans failed to improve life in the South during Reconstruction.

False

Fill in the blanks to complete the statement describing the new systems of labor that emerged in the South.

The (task system) survived in the rice kingdoms of South Carolina and Georgia, while (wage labor) was preferred in Louisiana's sugar plantations. (Sharecropping) came to dominate in the cotton and tobacco regions of Virginia and North Carolina.

Freedom of Reconstruction

The former slaves defined freedom as the right to mobility, education, political participation, and (landownership). Southern whites defined freedom as (a privilege), not a right. Northern Republicans believed freedom was the right of labor to (compete) and advance in society.

In what ways does the contract limit the freedom of the laborers?

The freedmen are contractually obligated to "obey" the landowner. The freedmen are required to compensate the landowner if they miss work for a day.

Former slaves worked to reunite and stabilize their families in the Reconstruction period.

True

The Ku Klux Klan was a racially motivated terrorist organization that spread throughout the entire South during Reconstruction.

True