Chapter 15 Lesson 3

The Compromise of 1850 What was the land used for in the Gadsden purchase?

-Build a railroad to the Pacific

Causes of the War What were three causes of the US Mexican War?

-Disagreements over territory and borders led to increased tensions -Mexico never officially recognized Texas as an independent nation -Mexico refused to meet with the American envoy, John Slidell

Wars End and Peace Where was the treaty ending the war signed at?

-Guadalupe Hidalgo

War and its aftermath What did Polk do with the knowledge that Taylor's troops were attacked?

-He rewrote his war declaration letter to congress -Saying American blood was shed on American soil

Negotiating the Disputed Territory Why did Mexico refuse to meet with Slidell?

-Mexican president José Joaquín de Herrera feared it would make him appear weak -cost him the support of the Mexican people -they didn't like what he was going to negotiate

Wars End and Peace What was the result of the treaty?

-Mexico gave up all claims to Texas -Accepted the Rio Grande as the boundary between the United States and Mexico -Surrendered to the United States all territory between western Texas and the Pacific Ocean -Mexicans living in the ceded territory were guaranteed all rights of U.S. citizenship. -This included political rights and the right to keep their lands. -They had a year to decide if they wished to become American citizens. -America paid Mexico $15 million

Name 3 things from the Guadalupe Hidalgo Treaty?

-Mexico surrendered all claims to Texas -Recognized that the Rio Grande was the final border of the U.S. -Mexicans living in the ceded area were guaranteed the right of all U.S. citizenship -Surrendered to the United States all territory between western texas and the Pacific.

Negotiating the Disputed Territory What happened when Zach Taylor crossed into the disputed land?

-Mexico viewed the crossing as a threat so they sent troops to attack Taylor's troops, 16 American soldiers were killed or injured

The Compromise of 1850 What did Texas use the money that was received in the Pierce Plan?

-Pay Texas debt

Negotiating the Disputed Territory What did the two countries do to try and negotiate the disputed territory?

-Polk sent a secret envoy, John Slidell, to negotiate the purchase of the disputed land and California, Arizona, and New Mexico -Mexico refused to meet with Slidell -Polk viewed that as an insult so he sent Zach Taylor to occupy the land between the rivers

Name the 2 rivers?

-Rio Grande -The Nueces River

Wars End and Peace What was the last major battle of the US Mexican War?

-September 12-13, 1847 -The Battle of Chapultepec Castle -Fought at a hilltop fort that was the last stronghold protecting Mexico City -This building was Mexico's National Military Academy -Mexican troops and Santa Anna had already retreated from there -Americans won this battle

Key Battles in War What was the Battle of Monterrey?

-September of 1846 -Taylor won(Americans) -Taylor and Mexican general agreed to an armistice to let Mexican troops retreat peacefully -Polk rejected the armistice and told Taylor to keep attacking

The Compromise of 1850 What was the Pearce Plan?

-Texas would agree to give up its claims to New Mexico in exchange for $10 million

Conflicting Points of View What were two conflicting views between Mexico and America?

-The borders of Texas and the land between the two rivers -US wanted Mexico to pay for reparations caused by Mexican actions in the Texas Revolution

The Compromise of 1850 What was the Gadsden Purchase?

-US paid Mexico $10 million for a portion of Mexico that is now Arizona and New Mexico -Finalized the border between America and Mexico

The Compromise of 1850 What was the major concern(s) of the land that was ceded into the US?

-Whether or not it would be a free state(s) or a slave state(s) -Where the border of Texas would end

Who was the envoy and what was one of his negotiations?

John Slidell -Negotiate the purchase of the undisputed territory between the rivers, and the area that is now California, Arizona and New Mexico. He offered Mexico $30 million.

What is reparation?

Paying for damages after the war

Name 3 things in the 1850 Compromise?

Pearce Plan -Texas would agree to give up its claims to New Mexico in exchange for $10 million Gadsden Purchase -The finalization of the border between Texas and Mexico Major concerns of the ceded land -Whether or not it is a free-state or a slave-state