Chapter 16

15th amendment

the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

KKK

used terrorism, insurrection, and murder to intimidate southern republican government and black voters

Jim Crow

Condemned blacks charged with petty crimes to labor considered worse than slavery SEGREGATED

Radical reconstruction

Congress passed first reconstruction act of 1867 (placed south under military rule) African American sufferage is permitted

Plessy v ferguson

It upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal"

Impeachment crisis

Jackson defied congress reconstruction plan so they tried to impeach him but he just barely escapes

President Grant

Lacked strong principals, and sense of purpose needed to succeed

10% plan

Lincoln's blueprint for Reconstruction included the Ten-Percent Plan, which specified that a southern state could be readmitted into the Union once 10 percent of its voters (from the voter rolls for the election of 1860) swore an oath of allegiance to the Union.

Impeachment

Remove president from office

Congress

Republican lead determined to crush the south, extended freedman's bureau, passed civil rights bill to promote equality and freedom. Passed 14th amendment

Black Codes

Segregated, physical intimidation, and community pressure used to control and restrict the blacks

Andrew Johnson

Southerner President for the abolition slavery Clashed with congress over his support for white supremacy.

Schyler Colfax

Speaker of the House of Representatives, and implicated in credit mobiler scandal

Freedmans bureau

The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, usually referred to as simply the Freedmen's Bureau, was a U.S. federal government agency established in 1865 to aid freedmen (freed slaves) in the South during the Reconstruction era of the United States, which attempted to change society in the former Confederacy

Credit mobiler scandal

The Crédit Mobilier scandal of 1872-1873 damaged the careers of several Gilded Age politicians. Major stockholders in the Union Pacific Railroad formed a company, the Crédit Mobilier of America, and gave it contracts to build the railroad. They sold or gave shares in this construction to influential congressmen.

Force acts

allowed for military force to be used

Crop Lien

crops used as collateral for loans

Disfranchisement

depriving citizen of the right to vote

Compromise of 1877

ended military rule returning home rule to the south and abandoned southern blacks to their masters

Land and labor

freedmen were forced to continue working for their former owners because there was no other option

14th amendment

gaurentees equal rights under the law to all americans and defining national citizenship (rejected by south)

Laissez Faire

government doesn't interfere with the economy

anmesty

pardon for past crimes

Patronage

political control of job distribution

Habeas Corpus

protect from unlawful detention

Southern Blacks

reconstructed their lives by negotiating, using freedman's bureau and courts to assert their rights and established communities

Sherman Specie Resumption Act 1874

restored the nation to the gold standard through the redemption of previously-unbacked United States Notes and reversed inflationary government policies promoted directly after the American Civil War.

Whiskey ring

scandal, exposed in 1875, involving diversion of tax revenues in a conspiracy among government agents, politicians, whiskey distillers, and distributors. The Whiskey Ring began in St. Louis but was also organized in Chicago, Milwaukee, Cincinnati, New Orleans, and Peoria.