Chapter 16
15th amendment
the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
KKK
used terrorism, insurrection, and murder to intimidate southern republican government and black voters
Jim Crow
Condemned blacks charged with petty crimes to labor considered worse than slavery SEGREGATED
Radical reconstruction
Congress passed first reconstruction act of 1867 (placed south under military rule) African American sufferage is permitted
Plessy v ferguson
It upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal"
Impeachment crisis
Jackson defied congress reconstruction plan so they tried to impeach him but he just barely escapes
President Grant
Lacked strong principals, and sense of purpose needed to succeed
10% plan
Lincoln's blueprint for Reconstruction included the Ten-Percent Plan, which specified that a southern state could be readmitted into the Union once 10 percent of its voters (from the voter rolls for the election of 1860) swore an oath of allegiance to the Union.
Impeachment
Remove president from office
Congress
Republican lead determined to crush the south, extended freedman's bureau, passed civil rights bill to promote equality and freedom. Passed 14th amendment
Black Codes
Segregated, physical intimidation, and community pressure used to control and restrict the blacks
Andrew Johnson
Southerner President for the abolition slavery Clashed with congress over his support for white supremacy.
Schyler Colfax
Speaker of the House of Representatives, and implicated in credit mobiler scandal
Freedmans bureau
The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, usually referred to as simply the Freedmen's Bureau, was a U.S. federal government agency established in 1865 to aid freedmen (freed slaves) in the South during the Reconstruction era of the United States, which attempted to change society in the former Confederacy
Credit mobiler scandal
The Crédit Mobilier scandal of 1872-1873 damaged the careers of several Gilded Age politicians. Major stockholders in the Union Pacific Railroad formed a company, the Crédit Mobilier of America, and gave it contracts to build the railroad. They sold or gave shares in this construction to influential congressmen.
Force acts
allowed for military force to be used
Crop Lien
crops used as collateral for loans
Disfranchisement
depriving citizen of the right to vote
Compromise of 1877
ended military rule returning home rule to the south and abandoned southern blacks to their masters
Land and labor
freedmen were forced to continue working for their former owners because there was no other option
14th amendment
gaurentees equal rights under the law to all americans and defining national citizenship (rejected by south)
Laissez Faire
government doesn't interfere with the economy
anmesty
pardon for past crimes
Patronage
political control of job distribution
Habeas Corpus
protect from unlawful detention
Southern Blacks
reconstructed their lives by negotiating, using freedman's bureau and courts to assert their rights and established communities
Sherman Specie Resumption Act 1874
restored the nation to the gold standard through the redemption of previously-unbacked United States Notes and reversed inflationary government policies promoted directly after the American Civil War.
Whiskey ring
scandal, exposed in 1875, involving diversion of tax revenues in a conspiracy among government agents, politicians, whiskey distillers, and distributors. The Whiskey Ring began in St. Louis but was also organized in Chicago, Milwaukee, Cincinnati, New Orleans, and Peoria.