Chapter 16: Alcohol

Alcoholism

A chronic, progressive, potentially fatal disease characterized by impaired control of drinking, a preoccupation with alcohol, continued use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distorted thinking-most notably denial.

fetal alcohol syndrome disorders (FASD)

A cluster of serious physical and mental defects linked with alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

Tolerance

A need for markedly increased amounts of alcohol or a drug to achieve the desired effect or a markedly diminished effect with continued use of a substance.

predrinking

Consuming alcoholic beverages, usually with friends, before going out to bars or parties; also called pregaming, preloading, or front-loading.

binge

For a man, having five or more alcoholic drinks at a single sitting; for a woman, having four or more drinks at a single sitting.

fetal alcohol effects (FAE)

Milder forms of FAS, including low birth weight, irritability in newborns, and permanent mental impairment as a result of the mother's alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

alcohol use disorder

Problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to significant impairment or distress.

detoxification

The supervised removal of a poisonous or harmful substance (such as a drug) from the body; a therapy for alcoholics in which they are denied alcohol in a controlled environment.

Noah is six feet tall, 202 pounds, and hasn't eaten recently. He is out with his friends and has had three 16-ounce, 5 percent alcohol beers in the past hour. Noah's approximate blood alcohol is _____________ a. 0.04-0.05 b. 0.07-0.08 c. 0.10-0.11 d. 0.12-0.13

b. 0.07-0.08

All of these are possible regarding medical complications of excessive alcohol use except which? a. Memory loss, inability to recall common objects, or follow simple directions b. Alcoholic hepatitis c. Cancer d. Increased thiamin (B1)

d. Increased thiamin (B1)

___________ percent of white men say they drink, compared to _________ percent of black men. White Men: a. Fifty-nine b. Fifty-five c. Forty-five d. Seventy Black Men: a. 40 b. 70 c. 70 d. 57

d. Seventy percent of white men, d. 57 percent of black men

Which is true about alcoholism treatments? a. Medications have been found to have no effect on alcoholism recovery. b. Unfortunately, studies have found inpatient treatment is rarely effective. c. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is not based in spirituality. d. There is no one path to sobriety.

d. There is no one path to sobriety.

Regarding college student drinking, which of these is true? a. Alcohol-related convictions do not remain on a student's criminal record. b. After drinking alcohol, some students may post comments on social media they later regret. c. Consuming alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmEDs) helps you avoid accidents while drinking. d. The caffeine in alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmEDs) helps decrease your blood alcohol level.

b. After drinking alcohol, some students may post comments on social media they later regret.

Which is true about the impact of alcohol on the body? a. There is no link between drinking alcohol and cancer. b. Alcohol can cause sleep problems. c. After consumption, it takes about 15 minutes for alcohol to reach its peak concentration. d. Alcohol is an appetite suppressant.

b. Alcohol can cause sleep problems.

Which is true regarding drinking and driving? a. A student's grades are not typically affected by their drinking habits. b. Underage drinkers are more likely to drive after drinking. c. Women have higher rates of alcohol-impaired driving than men. d. Alcohol does not impair the driving of older individuals, as compared to the typical college-age student.

b. Underage drinkers are more likely to drive after drinking.

Which of these is considered one standard drink? a. One 8-ounce glass of wine, 12 percent alcohol b. One shot of vodka, 50 percent alcohol c. One 2.5-ounce glass of fortified wine, 20 percent alcohol d. One 12-ounce can of beer, 8 percent alcohol

c. One 2.5-ounce glass of fortified wine, 20 percent alcohol

Due to a smaller quantity of a protective enzyme in the stomach to break down alcohol before it's absorbed into the bloodstream, ______ absorb more alcohol into their bloodstream. a. Hispanics b. Asians c. women d. men

c. women

relapse prevention

An alcohol recovery treatment method that focuses on social skills training to develop ways of preventing a relapse.

AmED (alcohol mixed with energy drinks)

Any combination of alcohol with caffeine and other stimulants.

proof

The alcoholic strength of a distilled spirit, expressed as twice the percentage of alcohol present.

blood-alcohol concentration (BAC)

The amount of alcohol in the blood, expressed as a percentage.

delirium tremens (DTs)

The delusions, hallucinations, and agitated behavior following withdrawal from long-term chronic alcohol abuse.

Ethyl alcohol

The intoxicating agent in alcoholic beverages; also called ethanol.

absorption

The passage of substances into or across membranes or tissues.