Chapter 16 civil rights movement

The "X" in Malcolm X's name stood as a symbol for the family name of his _______________ ancestors who had been enslaved.

African

Why did riots break out n dozens of American cities in the late 1960s?

African Americans living in the U.S. cities faced many frustrating problems, including poverty, overcrowding, discrimination, unemployment, and lack of opportunities. Their frustration led to violence.

Outraged by Rosa Parks's arrest, Jo Ann Robinson, head of a local organization called the Women's Political Council, called on African Americans to

Boycott Montgomery's buses

Which act did President Johnson sign into law on July 2, 1964?

Civil right acts of 1964

The Chicago Movement was an attempt to call attention to the

Deplorable housing conditions many African American families faced.

In Little Rock, Arkansas, the governor tried to prevent African American students from entering a white high school by ______________.

Deploying the National Guard.

Dr. King delivered the powerful speech outlining his dream of freedom and equality for all Americans at the Lincoln Memorial in Memphis, Tennessee, on August 28, 1963.

False

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 authorized the attorney general to send federal examiners to register qualified voters, bypassing local officials who often refused to register African Americans.

False

What is Freedom Summer?

Freedom Summer was a 1964 voter registration project in Mississippi, part of a larger effort by civil rights groups such as the Congress on Racial Equality (CORE) and the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) to expand black voting in the South.

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 helped protect civil rights, but it did not

Guarantee the right to vote.

In what way was Dr. King's "mountaintop" speech prophetic?

In it he said, "I might not get there with you," almost as though he predicted his own death.

How did the bus boycott create a mass movement for change?

It showed that even small acts of defiance could empower people to create change.

When the Supreme Court ordered school districts to end school segregation "with all deliberate speed," the wording was vague enough that many districts were able to

Keep their schools segregated for many more years.

How did the black power movement lead African Americans away from Dr. King's message of nonviolent disobedience and the goal of integration?

King believed in nonviolence and cooperation with supportive whites, the black power movement called for more aggressive forms of protests.

After his pilgrimage to Makkah, _________________ concluded that an integrated society was possible.

Malcolm X

n 1956 a group of 101 Southern members of Congress signed the "Southern _____________," denouncing the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education as a "clear abuse of judicial power."

Manifesto

In what way did poverty contribute to the racial divide?

Many African Americans were poor because of bad education and were then seen as unproductive to society.

Why do you think there was such a violent reactions to the civil rights movement?

Many people resisted the movement because of racism and misinformation. They were willing to use extreme measures to preserve their current ways of life.

What are the names of the SNCC workers who were murdered during Freedom Summer in Mississippi?

Mickey Schwerner, James Chaney, and Andrew Goodman

Although the civil rights movement did not lead to large protests until the 1950s, the __________________________ had supported court cases intended to overturn segregation since its founding in 1909.

NAACP

After Malcolm X broke with the _____________ of Islam, he continued to criticize the organization and was eventually killed by some of its members.

Nation

What techniques did the civil rights movement use to challenge segregation?

Organizing groups, sit-ins, court challenges, political power, boycotts, and voter registration drives.

In the 1950s and 1960s, ___________________ trapped many African Americans in inner cities.

Poverty

What was the positive outcome of the brutal response of police to civil rights protests?

Public sympathy began to grow for the civil rights protesters.

Despite the passage of several civil rights laws in the 1950s and 1960s, _______________--prejudice or discrimination toward people because of their race - was still common in American society.

Racism

The Kerner Commission blamed the problems of inner cities on

Racism

In registering African Americans to vote, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 authorized the attorney general to

Send federal examiners to register qualified voters

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., believed the way to end segregation was through

Sit-ins

Members of CORE used _________, a form of protest first used by unions workers in the 1930s, to desegregate restaurants.

Sit-ins.

How did Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s death affect the civil rights movement?

The civil rights movement began to lose the unity and direction that King had given it.

Did government support for civil rights come from the federal or state level?

The federal government supported civil rights. Some state officials strongly supported segregation.

Why did many young African Americans join the black power movement?

They believed that more aggressive forms of protests were necessary to achieve greater change.

Why were SNCC organizers willing to put themselves at such personal risk?

They put themselves at personal risk for the greater good of achieving equality.

Dr. King's "Letter from Birmingham Jail" was a defense of nonviolent protest.

True

The purpose of the Selma March was to campaign for voting rights in the South.

True

The passage of which law marked a turning point in the civil rights movement?

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Cloture

a motion that ends debate and calls for an immediate vote.

The bus boycott in Montgomery lasted for

a year

Filibuster

an attempt to kill a bill by having a group of senators take turns speaking continuously so that a vote cannot take place.

What group called for an end to racial oppression and for control of major institutions in the African American community?

b. Black Panthers

Racism-

prejudice or discrimination against someone because of his or her race.

The Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education ended racial segregation

public schools

Enforcement

the act of urging or carrying out by force.

Black power-

the mobilization of the political and economic power of African Americans, especially to compel respect for their rights and to improve their condition.

Register

to file personal information in order to become eligible for an official event.

In the spring of 1963, Dr. King decided to launch demonstrations in Birmingham, Alabama, knowing they would probably provoke a violent response, because he believed that was the only way to get President Kennedy to actively support civil rights.

true