Chapter 16 sociology
Allowing a student to move to the next grade regardless of whether or not they have met the requirements for that grade is called ____________.
social promotion
The 1972 case Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia set a precedent for _____________.
Access to education
What are the major factors that affect education systems throughout the world?
Resources and money
hidden curriculum
The type of non academic knowledge that people learn through informal learning and cultural transmission
Conflict theorists see IQ tests as being biased. Why?
They reward affluent students with questions that assume knowledge associated with upper-class culture.
Tracking
a formalized sorting system that places students on "tracks" (advanced, low achievers) that perpetuate inequalities
education
a social institution through which a society's children are taught basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms
Sorting
classifying students based on academic merit or potential
Which theory of education focuses on the ways in which education maintains the status quo
conflict theory
cultural capital
cultural knowledge that serves (metaphorically) as currency to help one navigate a culture
conflict theorists see sorting as a way to ___________.
perpetuate divisions of socioeconomic status
Plessy v. Ferguson set the precedent that ___________.
racial segregation in schools was allowed
Key predictors for student success include ____________.
socioeconomic status and family background
What term describes the separation of students based on merit?
sorting
Credentialism
the emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualifications
universal access
the equal ability of all people to participate in an education system
Grade inflation
the idea that the achievement level associated with an A today is notably lower than the achievement level associated with A-level work a few decades ago
formal education
the learning of academic facts and concepts
social placement
the use of education to improve one's social standing
What term describes the assignment of students to specific education programs and classes on the basis of test scores, previous grades, or perceived ability?
tracking
Rewarding students for meeting deadlines and respecting authority figures is an example of ________.
transmission of moral education
Learning from classmates that most students buy lunch on Fridays is an example of______________.
Cultural transmission
Head Start Program
a federal program that provides academically focused preschool to students of low socioeconomic status
No Child Left Behind Act
an act that requires states to test students in prescribed grades, with the results of those tests determining eligibility to receive federal funding
Which of the following is not a manifest function of education?
courtship
Informal education
education that involves learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors through participation in a society
Functionalist theory sees education as serving the needs of _____________.
families, society, the individual, all of the above.
Public schools must guarantee that ___________.
per-student spending is equitable
Informal education _________________.
refers to the learning of cultural norms
Because she plans on achieving success in marketing, tammie is taking courses on managing social media. This is an example of ___________.
social placement
Which theory of education focuses on the labels acquired through the educational process?
symbolic interactionism
cultural transmission
the way people come to learn the values, beliefs, and social norms of their culture
What do nations that are top-ranked in science and math have in common?
they recruit top teachers
