Chapter 16 the Renaissance

Sistine Chapel Ceiling

- 131 ft by 43 ft. - More than 300 figures on the ceiling

Michelangelo (Arc angel Michael)

- 25 yrs younger than Leonardo but his greatest rival - A painter, sculptor, poet, and architect. The artist considered himself a sculptor above all else. - He was the architect of the new St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican.

Illuminated Manuscript

- A lot of detail in a small space

Northern Europeans

- Develop and start using oil paints. - Perspective not used for another 75 years.

Renaissance

- Rebirth - Enter, the honorable and adored Artists (no longer to work in anonymity) - Religion, creativity, and reason all hang out together. - The humanists - 1400-1600 - Refers to the revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture. ( This interest is one of the key characteristics of the period. - The new and very rich merchant class joined nobility and clergy as art patrons.

Mona Lisa

- Sfumato - Hazy

Michelangelo's David

- Tension and energy - Expressive facial features - An emblem for the proud citizens of Florence, who kicked out the ruling Medici family in order to create a new republic. - David was equated to the Florentine's who defeated the Giant, who was compared to the Medici's - Knowledge of the mechanics of the body, through many dissections of the human body.

High Renaissance

-Lasted for about 25 years ending around 1520. - the most outstanding and recognized artists of this period are Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelangelo. - Other well-known artists include Raphael, Titian, and Giorgione.

Boticelli

A painter who worked for the Medici family who commissioned secular artwork.

Masaccio

A painter; used the new technique of linear perspective to create deep, convincing architectural space within his work; used a triangular composition symbolic of the Godhead. - Side-note: Mosaccio, donatello, and Ghiberti were all n there mid-twenties when they created these masterpieces.

Donatello

A sculptor; used the body as the framework on which he fabric draped. - One of the best sculptures of the early Renaissance

Medici's

A wealthy merchant class family who were art patrons; they sponsored an academy discussion group where humanist scholars and artists met to discuss classical culture and its relationship to Christianity. these two combined systems of thought created a philosophy known as Neo-Platonism. named after the Greek philosopher Plato.

Anatomy

Artists studied anatomy, even dissecting cadavers, to fully understand the human form.

Ghiberti

Designed the baptistry doors foe the Florence cathedral; his great innovation was the use of architecture and figures on the same scale in his work.

Leonardo Da Vinci

Embodies the term "Renaissance man". Many consider him to have been the greatest genius who ever lived. - he was a painter, inventor, sculptor, architect, engineer, scientists, musician, and intellectual. - Left many works uncompleted. - Mona Lisa and the Last Supper are his most famous works.

Influence in Renaissance

Influenced by the Greek philosopher Plato, beauty became equated with moral goodness. Renaissance artists sought to an idealized beauty. - Humankind was viewed as God's finest and most perfect creation. - Reason and creativity were considered God's gifts.

Early Renaissance

Is characterized by the work of artists like Donatello, Ghiberti, Masaccio and Botticelli.

Sfumato

Italian for "smoke"; Leonardo's specialty; a layering of translucent glazes producing a hazy atmosphere, softened contours, and velvet shadows.

Linear Perspective

Noting that distant objects appeared smaller than near ones.

Atmospheric Perspective

Seeing how detail and color buried with distance.

Renaissance Man

Someone who is very well informed about, or very good at doing , many different , often quite unrelated things.

Giovanni Bellini

Taught Giorgione and Titian, who became famous High Renaissance painters

Sculptures of early Renaissance

They created full-scale clay models of nude figures, then draped clay-soaked linen over the clay models to create garments. This model was then copied in marble.

Chiaroscuro

Was discovered while studying the effects of light.

Artists in the Renaissance

Were learned persons whose creative powers were viewed as almost miraculous. they were considered a breed apart because of their abilities, and they transcended social class. - Painting, sculpture, and architecture were held as intellectual activities allied with mathematicians, science, and poetry. - Artists worked to reproduce the natural world as accurately as possible.

Tension and energy

are characteristics that make David a Renaissance sculpture.

Northern Renaissance

evolved out of the Middle Ages. - This artwork is characterized by the artists interest in details. (Grunewald, Hans Holbein the Younger, and Durer) artists associated with this period - The artists interests in details and surface stems from a long tradition of decorative arts including miniature manuscript illumination, stained glass, and tapestries. - They were interested in the precise outer appearance of their subjects. - Religious artwork tended to me emotionally harsh.

Sistine Chapel

is another of Michelangelo's famous works. - It is a fresco and depicts stories, prophets, and sibyls from the Bible's Old Testament.