Chapter 17 Section 3

Leveller

A group established during the civil war who thought poor men should have as much say in government as everyone else. And females should have a right to petition parliament.

dissenter

A person who does not agree with the beliefs of his or her leaders

Petition of right

Document prepared by Parliament and signed by King Charles I of England in 1628; challenged the idea of the divine right of kings and declared that even the monarch was subject to the laws of the land

Oliver Cromwell

English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658)

English Bill of Rights

King William and Queen Mary accepted this document in 1689. It guaranteed certain rights to English citizens and declared that elections for Parliament would happen frequently. By accepting this document, they supported a limited monarchy, a system in which they shared their power with Parliament and the people.

James I

King of England (1603-1625) and of Scotland as James VI (1567-1625). The son of Mary Queen of Scots, he succeeded the heirless Elizabeth I as the first Stuart king of England. His belief in the divine right of kings and his attempts to abolish Parliament and suppress Presbyterianism in Scotland created resentment that led to the English Civil War.

Charles I

King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1625-1649). His power struggles with Parliament resulted in the English Civil War (1642-1648) in which he was defeated. He was tried for treason and beheaded in 1649

limited monarchy

a monarchy that is limited by laws and a constitution

Cavalier

a royalist supporter of Charles I during the English Civil War

Roundhead

a supporter of Parliament and Oliver Cromwell during the English Civil War

habeas corpus

the right for a person not to be held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime