Chapter 17- Sexual Coercion

A study of rapes or attempted rapes found that a.women who scream, kick, and run were more likely to avoid being raped. b.women who don't wear makeup or perfume are more likely to avoid being raped. c.women who can readily cry are more likely to avoid being raped. d.talking increases the degree of violence and decreases the likelihood of escape.

A

A victim of workplace sexual harassment is much MORE likely to obtain a satisfactory legal outcome if a.the person has attempted to resolve the problem within the company before approaching the court. b.the person immediately seeks an injunction from the court to prevent the company from destroying any evidence. c.the person provides written documentation of the harassment to the police within a week of the incident occurring. d.the person has an officer of the law act as a witness when asking the offender to stop the harassment.

A

According to the text, what is one sure-fire way of dealing with threatening situations involving strangers? a.Every situation is different; there is no absolute way to deal with all possible situations. b.Offer no resistance initially, but start kicking and punching the attacker when close enough. c.Improvise a weapon out of anything at hand and go on the offensive. d.Plead with the assailant to stop.

A

Acquaintance rape is also known as a.date rape. b.statutory rape. c.stranger rape. d.sexual rape.

A

All of the following are forms of sexual harassment on the job EXCEPT a.an employer and her assistant flirting with one another. b.being the constant target of sexual jokes. c.an employer requiring sexual availability in order to be hired. d.an employer requiring sexual favors to be given to customers in order for the employee to get a promotion.

A

An analysis of data derived from national surveys indicates that ____ have experienced sexual harassment in the workplace. a.40-70% of women and 10-20% of men. b.20-40% of women and 2-5% of men. c.60-65% of women and 30-40% of men. d.16-20% of women and 9-15% of men.

A

In a state where the age of sexual consent is 17, which of the following would be the BEST example of statutory rape? a.A 19-year-old boy has intercourse with his 16-year-old girlfriend. b.A 20-year-old boy forces a 17-year-old girl to have intercourse with him. c.An 18-year-old girl is raped by a stranger and becomes pregnant as a result. d.A 22-year-old man has intercourse with a 17-year-old girl.

A

In wars instigated by ethnic conflict, as in the former Yugoslavia, Rwanda, and Darfur, mass rape is used as a military strategy to a.terrorize whole populations. b.empower the troops who commit the rape. c.provide sexual release for soldiers. d.increase testosterone levels, which helps to increase aggression.

A

The police find that ____ and ____ are most useful in identifying a rapist. a.detailed descriptions; trace evidence b.eyewitness statements; the contents of your wallet c.a signed statement from a rape crisis center; a doctor's report d.details regarding the assaulter's physical characteristics; a description of your state of mind during the attack

A

The text gives suggestions for parents to help prevent child sexual abuse. Which of the following is NOT one of these suggestions? a.Frighten children a little with raw facts so that they will focus and internalize the information. b.Emphasize that children have the right to control their bodies. c.Remind children that you will not be angry if they report to you that they have been touched in a way that wasn't okay. d.Help children understand that they can scream or run away from an uncomfortable situation.

A

Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act prohibits a.sexual harassment in the workplace. b.rape. c.incest. d.pedophilia.

A

Trish's professor has made it clear that he can ensure her success in graduate school if she complies with his sexual advances. This type of sexual harassment is called ____ harassment. a.quid pro quo b.hostile or offensive environment c.noncoercive d.physical

A

What is the primary reason for the controversy about what constitutes a hostile or offensive environment? a.The 'reasonable person' standard is highly subjective, leading to a large gray area. b.The 'reasonable person' standard is applied uniformly. c.The offensive speech must be followed by inappropriate touching to be considered offensive. d.Witnesses must vouch for the victim to constitute offensive behavior.

A

When a man has sexual contact with his 10-year-old daughter, it is called ____; when he has sexual contact with his daughter's 10-year-old friend, it is called ____. a.incest; pedophilia b.pedophilia; child molestation c.child molestation; incest d.pedophilia; incest

A

Which of the following DSM diagnoses is frequently present in rapists? a.Narcissism b.Depression c.PTSD d.Scatalogia

A

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the use of cyberspace by pedophiles? a.The Communications Decency Act now regulates indecent mail sent over the Internet to minors. b.The main responsibility for protecting children lies with parents. c.AOL has tried to monitor kids-only chat rooms for inappropriate dialogue. d.Even with blocking software, children may still communicate with pedophiles in chat rooms.

A

Which of the following is MORE likely to be reported to authorities than other varieties of incest? a.Father-daughter sexual abuse b.Brother-sister sexual abuse c.First-cousin contacts d.Grandfather-daughter sexual abuse

A

Which of the following is NOT true concerning sexual response during a rape? a.Sexual responses do not occur unless the woman is enjoying it to some extent. b.Even orgasms sometimes occur during rape. c.Sexual responses are confusing and anxiety-provoking to the victims when they occur. d.Sexual responses may be considered normal physiological reactions.

A

Which of the following statements concerning pedophiles is TRUE? a.Pedophiles are often moralistic or religious. b.The victims of pedophiles are typically unknown to them. c.Pedophiles have the potential to be very violent. d.Pedophiles consist of an equal number of men and women.

A

Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate? a.Convicted rapists have been shown to demonstrate similar motivations and characteristics as rapists who have never been prosecuted and convicted. b.Recent research has indicated that while rape may be an act of power and domination, it is frequently sexually motivated as well. c.Rape is more often a result of how men are socialized than of the individual pathology of the rapist. d.Until fairly recently, what we knew about rapists was based on studies of convicted rapists, which represents a very small percentage of men who rape.

A

Which of the following types of incest is most common? a.Brother-sister b.Father-daughter c.Mother-son d.Grandfather-granddaughter

A

Women who have been raped may suffer from ____, especially if the rape was severe and the resulting emotional response is severe. a.posttraumatic stress disorder b.post-rape dysfunction disorder c.abusive rape disorder d.dysthymic disorder

A

All of the following are FALSE beliefs about rape described in the text EXCEPT that a.women can always successfully resist a rape attempt. b.rape is a sexually motivated crime. c.many women make false accusations that they have been raped. d.all women really want to be raped.

B

All of the following are characteristic of men who are more likely to rape EXCEPT a.having male friends who openly legitimize and support the view that aggression is a legitimate means to obtain sexual access to women. b.having low self-esteem. c.feeling anger toward women. d.holding traditional gender roles.

B

All of the following are reasons women gave for saying no to sex when they really meant yes EXCEPT a.not wanting to appear promiscuous. b.being uncertain about birth control. c.being in undesirable surroundings. d.wanting to be in control.

B

Although females of all ages are raped, more than 50% of U.S. female rape victims reported that their first rape occurred before they were ____ years old. a.9 b.18 c.12 d.14

B

An exhaustive government survey of a nationally representative sample of 16,507 adults, the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, released in December 2011, found that almost one in ____ American women has been raped in her lifetime. a.three b.five c.ten d.twelve

B

Boeringer's 1994 study involving exposure to violent pornography found that a.there is no predictive correlation between watching violent pornography and rape. b.a strong association exists between watching violent pornography and engaging in sexual coercion. c.watching any type of pornography is a strong predictor of deviant sexual behavior. d.an association exists between watching violent pornography and rape, but only for previously registered sex offenders.

B

Child molestation is unlikely to be reported for a number of reasons. Which of the following is NOT one of these? a.The offender may be a family friend. b.The legal system is reluctant to investigate allegations of child molestation. c.The parents may not want to expose the child to stressful legal proceedings. d.The parents may not believe the child.

B

In an effort to counter the negative image of Rohypnol as a date rape drug, the manufacturer, Roche Pharmaceuticals, has changed the a.size and formulation of this drug. b.color and formulation of this drug. c.shape and formulation of this drug. d.mass and formulation of this drug.

B

In recent years, United Nations officials has labeled which of the following countries as the epicenter of rape as a weapon of war? a.South Sudan b.Democratic Republic of Congo c.Ethiopia d.Lao P.D.R.

B

In the United States, the age of consent ranges from ____ to ____. a.13; 19 b.14; 18 c.15; 19 d.16; 21

B

Recent studies have indicated that the prevalence of female-perpetrated rape against men falls between a.0-1%. b.3-6%. c.9-12%. d.15-20%.

B

Several studies of adults for whom child sexual abuse as children had been reported and substantiated a.found that the victims did not wish to talk about the abuse. b.found that a sizable proportion had been amnesic of their abuse for a period of time. c.found that almost all remembered the abuse, casting doubt on the recovered memory hypothesis. d.found that males repressed but the females remembered.

B

Suggestions for helping a friend or partner recover from rape include all EXCEPT which one of the following? a.Give comfort. b.Insist that the victim call a rape hotline or see a counselor. c.Offer shelter at your home. d.Let her discuss this as often as she wants.

B

The text gives suggestions for parents to help prevent child sexual abuse. Which of the following is NOT one of these suggestions? a.Present information to children when they are still very young. b.Discuss ethics, social responsibility, and definitions of appropriate sexual activity. c.Discuss with children some tactics adults might use to gain compliance with their sexual demands. d.Explain the difference between okay and not-okay touches.

B

Threatening behaviors or unwanted advances that use Web technologies as weapons for stalking and harassment are known as a.cybershielding. b.cyberstalking. c.video voyeurism. d.cybervoyeurism.

B

When reporting either a rape or an attempted rape, what is MOST critical? a.Shower immediately, scrub with bleach, and change clothes. b.Tell the police any details that you remember, even those that may not seem important. c.Collect any trace evidence, without the assistance of the police if necessary. d.Immediately attend a treatment program for women who have been raped.

B

Which is NOT true with respect to sexual harassment in schools? a.School districts are liable for hostile sexual environments created by school employees. b.School districts may be sued for damages if a student sexually harasses another student. c.Sexual harassment occurs even in middle schools. d.Schools that do not take measures to remedy this form of harassment could lose federal funds.

B

Which of the following is a central nervous system depressant that can be especially lethal when combined with alcohol? a.Marijuana b.GHB c.Special K d.Rohypnol

B

Which of the following should a woman NOT do if she has been raped? a.Make note of any physical characteristics of the perpetrator and report these to the police. b.Get the license plate number of the perpetrator's vehicle and try to find out where they live. c.Seek counseling or an effective treatment program. d.Remember that she is not to blame for the rape.

B

Which of the following should parents NOT do if their child tells them that he or she has been abused? a.Take great precautions to see that the child is not alone with the offender again. b.React with extreme agitation in front of the child. c.Make sure the child is protected from further opportunities for abuse. d.Report the offender to the police even if it is a relative.

B

Which of the following statements regarding incest is TRUE? a.Incest occurs only among those in lower socioeconomic levels. b.Incest is always illegal regardless of the age of the participants. c.Incest occurs only among those in higher socioeconomic levels. d.Sexual contact between a child and a close family friend is one example of incest.

B

Which of the following tactics would a father be LEAST likely to use in attempting to pressure his daughter into an incestuous relationship? a.Telling her that she is his 'special girl' b.Using physical force to coerce her c.Reassuring her that he is teaching her something important d.Telling her he will take her shopping for something special if she complies

B

Your text suggests that if you experience sexual harassment on campus, you should a.report it only if it is a quid pro quo harassment case. b.report it to reduce the likelihood that others will also be victimized. c.probably consider civil litigation. d.be prepared for recrimination if your report is not determined to have a good foundation.

B

____ refers to sexual contact between relatives, whereas ____ refers to sexual contact between an adult and a child who are not related. a.Pedophilia; incest b.Incest; pedophilia c.Incest; statutory rape d.Pedophilia; statutory rape

B

c.American Indian and Alaska Native women report a much higher frequency of rape than any other group. d.The younger the age of the rape victim, the more likely it is that the perpetrator is a relative or acquaintance.

B

A partner can be MOST helpful to a rape survivor by a.making decisions for her/him in terms of how to deal with the assault. b.having sex soon after the assault to reassure the survivor that he/she is still attracted to her/him. c.listening to her/him. d.apologizing to her/him for not being there to protect her/him.

C

According to your text, sexual abuse prevention strategies a.are treading on parental rights when presented in the schools. b.should only use scientific terms. c.should be given early as up to a quarter of abuse victims are under seven years of age. d.should be given with fathers talking to boys and mothers talking to girls.

C

All of the following patterns have been identified in relatively 'rape free' societies EXCEPT a.women and men share power and authority. b.women and men contribute equally to the community welfare. c.the majority of people share similar religious beliefs. d.children of both sexes are socialized to avoid violence and aggression and value nurturance.

C

If a friend has been raped, it is important for you to a.talk a lot and provide lots of advice. b.be skeptical of her account until she proves that the rape occurred. c.control your own emotions. d.make decisions for your friend because she is in no shape to make her own.

C

If you experience sexual harassment from a teacher on campus, you should a.drop the class to avoid the instructor. b.distribute flyers around campus letting others know of the teacher's proclivities. c.report it to the appropriate campus authorities right away. d.find a way to endure through the end of the quarter and then go to the authorities.

C

Pedophiles using cyberspace a.primarily interact with children and avoid other adults. b.are generally intelligent but lower middle class. c.exchange information with other pedophiles, including child pornography. d.are committing an illegal act by even discussing adult-child sexual interaction.

C

Pedophilia is BEST described as a.obtaining sexual excitement primarily or exclusively from feet, shoes, or boots. b.brother-sister incest. c.nonrelative child sexual abuse. d.sexual contact between two people who are related.

C

Rape during war a.is a necessary consequence. b.is fortunately rare in our present age. c.has occurred from early history through the present time. d.may have some evolutionary advantage in that it spreads genes worldwide.

C

Rapists often had been ____ just before assaulting their victims. a.taking drugs b.masturbating c.drinking d.viewing pornography

C

Suppose a woman does NOT want to be sexually intimate on a date. Which of the following is NOT a recommendation of the text to this woman? a.Avoid using alcohol b.Avoid using drugs c.Invite the person to your apartment rather than going to his d.Cover some of the expenses

C

The belief that 'rapists are obviously mentally ill' is FALSE because a.mental illness is not common. b.sex offenses are not classified as mental disorders. c.it describes rapists as crazed strangers and runs contrary to research that shows that most rapes are committed by someone the victim knows. d.mental illnesses are uncontrollable; therefore, a rapist cannot be held responsible for acts committed while ill.

C

The two types of sexual harassment as defined by the guidelines issued by the EEOC are a.quid pro quo and verbal harassment. b.quid pro quo and physical harassment. c.quid pro quo and hostile or offensive environment. d.hostile or offensive environment and physical harassment.

C

There is a strong link between childhood sexual abuse and a.permanent memory loss. b.mental illness. c.adult relationship difficulties. d.narcissistic personality disorder.

C

Thomas has routinely declined invitations to go bar-hopping from Kathy, his boss. During his performance review, Kathy mentions that even though the quality of his work is satisfactory, he isn't much of a 'team player.' At the end of the review, Kathy invites him out for drinks again. How would this scenario BEST be viewed? a.A friendly invite to a team-building exercise from a coworker b.Kathy's attempt to get to know Thomas better c.Quid pro quo sexual harassment d.A hostile work environment

C

What are the effects of taking the drug Rohypnol? a.It acts as a sexual aphrodisiac by increasing vasocongestion in the genital tissue. b.It inhibits sexual desire by decreasing testosterone in the bloodstream. c.It produces a sedative effect that lasts for several hours and may also cause varying degrees of amnesia. d.It increases sexual desire by boosting the level of androgen in the bloodstream.

C

When a claim has been filed with the EEOC against a company, which of the following actions are NOT an acceptable means of addressing the complaint? a.Mandating that all employees attend sexual harassment training b.Transferring the accused to a different branch of the company c.Transferring the employee from their current position to one with less pay d.Placing a letter of warning into the personnel file of the accused

C

Which of the following is MOST accurate with respect to avoiding rape? a.A woman who leads an extremely restrictive life can avoid rape. b.An extremely cautious life will enable you to avoid stranger rape but not acquaintance rape. c.There are ways to reduce the risk of rape. d.You might as well live it up since there is no guarantee that you can avoid rape.

C

Which of the following is NOT an example of sexual harassment? a.Marin's employer repeatedly asks her out on a date, and she refuses. b.Because of her repeated refusals, Marin's employer suggests that she may be either frigid or a lesbian. c.Marin's employer tells jokes with a racist theme at staff meetings. d.Marin's employer stares openly at her breasts, even after she asks him to stop.

C

Which of the following is NOT suggested by your text as a way to reduce the risk of stranger rape? a.Take a cell phone with you when you are out alone. b.Lock your car while you are driving. c.Never go out alone when it is dark. d.Carry a device with you for making a loud noise.

C

Which of the following is likely to be MOST accurate of men who commit sexual assault? a.They are more likely to disregard traditional gender roles. b.They are more likely to be alcoholics. c.They are more likely to be self-centered. d.They are more likely to have a compulsive personality.

C

Which of the following statements best reflects the position of the American Psychological Association and the American Psychiatric Association regarding recovered memories of sexual abuse? a.Both agree that memories recovered under hypnosis are unreliable. b.Both agree that the majority of recovered memories were implanted by therapists. c.Both agree that forgotten memories can be recovered in later life. d.The APA disputes the notion that memories can be recovered.

C

Which of the following statements regarding same-sex sexual harassment is TRUE? a.Recent legislation has made it much easier for victims of same-sex sexual harassment to obtain satisfactory legal judgments against the perpetrators. b.Most defendants in same-sex sexual harassment claim that they have a homosexual orientation. c.The lack of a legal sanction against same-sex sexual harassment was finally addressed in late 2007, when the U.S. Congress passed a bill making it illegal for employers to engage in discrimination or harassment related to sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression. d.Federal law specifically stated that same sex sexual harassment was illegal.

C

Which of the following statements regarding the effects of sexual harassment is FALSE? a.The victims may feel guilty, nervous, and irritable. b.The victims may suffer a range of physical symptoms. c.The victims usually enhance their financial status, but their psychological health is negatively affected. d.The victims feel alienated from other coworkers.

C

Why have victims of same-sex sexual harassment found it difficult to obtain satisfactory legal judgements until recently? a.Heterosexual victims would not report the harassment for fear of being labeled as gay or lesbian. b.Prosecuting lawyers are generally unable to prove 'sexual interest' as the motive. c.The courts' strict interpretation of Title VII only applied to cases involving heterosexual individuals. d.Pursuing legal action in these cases would violate the 'Don't Ask Don't Tell' policy.

C

With respect to recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse, it is MOST correct to conclude that a.these are most likely deliberate fakes. b.these are most likely imparted by overzealous therapists. c.these are sometimes accurate. d.these should be considered accurate.

C

With respect to sexual abuse, which one is NOT true? a.More young boys are sexually molested in the United States than earlier estimated. b.Most states prosecute no more than one or two adults each year for failing to report abuse. c.Sexual abuse rarely takes place in the Catholic Church. d.Most sexual abuse occurs with male perpetrators and female victims.

C

You are a heterosexual single woman who enjoys dating. Which of the following behaviors would be MOST likely to REDUCE the risk of date rape? a.Your date insists on paying for everything, ordering your dinner, and planning all activities, and you tell him that you appreciate having him make those decisions for you. b.You tell your date that you do not want to become sexually involved, but when he begins to kiss and fondle, you let him. c.A man you have just met in a bar asks you out on a date. You agree, suggesting that you meet him for lunch later in the week. d.It's your first date with a man. You have no intention of being sexually intimate with him, but at the end of the evening, you invite him into your apartment for a drink.

C

A recent Swedish study found that sexually abused children are markedly more likely to disclose the abuse to a a.neighbor than to a parent. b.nanny than to a parent. c.teacher than to a parent. d.friend their own age than to an adult.

D

A recent survey of almost 2,000 teens found that ____% of girls and 40% of boys reported being sexually harassed either in person or electronically. a.12 b.18 c.34 d.56

D

A woman may be reluctant to report having been raped for which of the following reasons? a.She blames herself for what happened. b.She fears reprisal from the rapist or his family and friends. c.She wishes to avoid recalling a traumatic event. d.All of the above

D

According to studies conducted by Harned and Fitzgerald, the vast majority of sexually harassed workers report a.feelings of guilt, elation, sleep apnea, and nervousness. b.feelings of guilt and shame over secretly enjoying the attention. c.rekindled passion for one's significant other. d.feelings of anger, shame, embarrassment, nervousness, and lack of motivation.

D

According to the text, each of the following is useful for reducing the risk of acquaintance rape EXCEPT a.using clear, direct communication to establish acceptable boundaries. b.utilizing a strategy of escalating forcefulness if the sexually coercive behavior continues. c.assisting in planning the evenings activities. d.having a few drinks over the course of the evening.

D

According to your text, all of the following characteristics have been linked to men who rape EXCEPT a.anger toward women. b.self-centered personality. c.adherence to traditional gender roles. d.social ineptness.

D

Acquaintance rapes account for an estimated ____% of the rapes of women attending college in the United States. a.50 b.65 c.75 d.90

D

All of the following were MORE frequently reported in sexual abuse survivors EXCEPT a.sexual difficulties. b.drug and alcohol abuse. c.obesity. d.placing too much trust in others.

D

Culturally learned ways of behaving in sexual situations are known as a.sexual signals. b.sexual roles. c.sexual interpretations. d.sexual scripts.

D

In studying the physiological responses of rapists and nonrapists to descriptions of rape and consensual sexual activity, Abel found that a.both groups were equally aroused by both descriptions. b.nonrapists were more aroused than the rapists by the descriptions of violent sexual assault. c.the nonrapists were not aroused at all by the descriptions of sexual assault. d.compared with the nonrapists, the rapists were more aroused by the descriptions of sexual assault.

D

One of the most important aspects of abuse prevention is to convey the message to children that a.there are men out there who may try to exploit them in some way. b.someone they know may attempt to fondle their genitals. c.they should be wary of any adult they don't know who tries to approach or befriend them. d.private touching can be very pleasurable between adults who love and trust each other.

D

Peggy Reeves Sanday's comparison of rape in 95 societies revealed that the incidence of rape in a given society is influenced LEAST by which of the following? a.The attitudes boys acquire as they are growing up b.The status of women c.The nature of relationships between the sexes d.The degree to which individuals adhere to particular moral or religious values

D

Rachel was sexually assaulted a few months ago, and she is eager to resume sexual activities with her boyfriend, Perry. What is the most likely explanation for Rachel's interest? a.Rachel is attempting to deal with survivor's guilt. b.Rachel is attempting to show that she is not to blame for the rape. c.Rachel is making decisions in order to regain control of her life. d.Rachel is seeking Perry's assurance that he does not view her as 'tainted.'

D

Some evidence suggests that the man who engages in father-daughter incest tends to be a.suspicious of religion. b.rigid about behaviors such as drinking. c.of above-average income. d.emotionally immature.

D

The sexual assault of men is rarely reported in the a.medical literature. b.psychological literature. c.media. d.All of the above

D

The typical pedophile offender can be characterized by which of the following? a.The typical pedophile offender has a sloping criminal brow, broad mustache, and a bald spot. b.The typical pedophile offender is of below average intelligence and blue collar employment. c.The typical pedophile offender is a heterosexual male who pick victims at random. d.No classic profile of the pedophile offender has been identified, other than that most pedophiles are heterosexual males and are known to the victim.

D

Which of the following MOST accurately portrays the role of communication in rape? a.Many times, there is little or no verbal communication about what people want sexually on a date. b.Token resistance may be offered by a woman so as not to appear promiscuous. c.Some men believe that if they have been 'led on,' it's defensible to use force to have sex. d.All of the above

D

Which of the following are factors cited in your text as to why a child might delay disclosing abuse? a.Fear of retribution b.Feelings of complicity c.Fear of abandonment d.All of these

D

Which of the following is NOT a frequently encountered effect of childhood sexual abuse? a.Difficulty forming intimate relationships b.Revulsion at being touched c.Depression d.Abstaining from drug or alcohol use

D

Which of the following is NOT a reason why statistics on the frequency of male rape are hard to obtain? a.Men fear that they will be judged harshly by other men if they report having been raped. b.Men who report having been raped are viewed negatively by other men. c.Sexual assault of men is rarely reported in the media. d.If a married man reports a rape, his wife will be likely to divorce him.

D

Which of the following is NOT listed in your text as a guideline for dealing with sexual harassment? a.File criminal charges against the perpetrator of an attempted although unsuccessful rape. b.Confront the harasser. c.Discuss the situation with your supervisor and/or the offender's supervisor. d.Write a letter specifying the harassment you have been subjected to, distribute copies to everyone in the office, and quit your job.

D

Which of the following statements is FALSE? a.Many U.S. men view aggression as a legitimate means to obtain sexual access to women. b.Males in rape-prone societies frequently learn that they should seek sex and expect to be successful. c.Exposure to violent pornography may have negative effects on men's attitudes and behaviors toward women. d.Men in rape-prone societies frequently have less economic and political power than women, which fuels the anger that is often the motivation for the rape.

D

Which of the following statements is TRUE? a.A woman can always successfully resist a rape attempt if she is willing to behave aggressively. b.Since a large percentage of women have rape fantasies, it follows that these women, consciously or unconsciously, want to be raped. c.In the media, male-to-female rape is typically portrayed as more violent and humiliating than male-to-male rape is. d.Many female rape victims may believe that the rape was their fault.

D

Which of the following statements regarding recovered memories of child sexual abuse is FALSE? a.Numerous studies indicate that false 'memories' of events that never occurred can be created in the research lab. b.The legitimacy of recovered memories has been supported by several research studies. c.Repressed memories may be inadvertently planted by overzealous or poorly trained psychotherapists. d.As of 1997, therapists are required by law to videotape interviews of victims of sexual abuse.

D

Which statement is MOST accurate about the nature and frequency of sexual harassment in the workplace? a.Sexual harassment generally occurs in low-paying jobs located in large metropolitan areas. b.Sexual harassment is perpetrated by mid-level managers more than any other segment of the work force. c.Sexual harassment is most frequently reported by those in the military and legal professions. d.Sexual harassment occurs in all professions and at every level in the work force.

D