Chapter 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management

(easy) 10) It is easiest for management to deal with resistance when it is ________. A) concealed B) deferred C) passive D) implicit E) overt

E) overt

37) ________ is one way to achieve unfreezing of an organization's status quo. A) Increasing the driving forces directing behavior away from the status quo B) Incorporating a structural inertia in the structure of the organization C) Increasing employee investment in the status quo D) Decreasing management's investment in change E) Increasing the rigidity of the organizational hierarchy

A) Increasing the driving forces directing behavior away from the status quo

(Easy) 38) Who built on Lewin's three-step model to create a more detailed eight-step plan for implementing change? A) John Kotter B) David McClelland C) Douglas Surber D) Lawrence Summers E) Henry Mintzberg

A) John Kotter

(easy) 46) ________ is a collection of change methods that seek to improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being. A) Organizational development B) Organizational polarization C) Operant conditioning D) Organizational restructuring E) Action research

A) Organizational development

(easy) 50) Rather than looking for problems, ________ seeks to identify the unique qualities and special strengths of an organization, which can then be built upon to improve performance. A) appreciative inquiry B) action research C) team building D) process consultation E) social reinforcement

A) appreciative inquiry

(Easy) 26) If individuals resisting change are included in making change decisions in an attempt to gain their support, this approach is called ________. A) cooptation B) exploitation C) arbitration D) coercion E) conciliation

A) cooptation

(easy) 44) ________ is a change process based on systematic collection of data and selection of a change action based on what the analyzed data indicate. A) Organizational development B) Action research C) Planned change D) Process consultation E) Organizational restructuring

B) Action research

(easy) 63) ________ involves correcting errors by modifying the organization's objectives, policies, and standard routines. A) Action research B) Double-loop learning C) Process reengineering D) Single-loop learning E) Organizational restructuring

B) Double-loop learning

(Easy) 39) Which of the following is the first step in Kotter's eight-step plan for implementing change? A) Create a new vision to direct the change and strategies for achieving the vision. B) Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed. C) Plan for, create, and reward short-term "wins" that move the organization toward the new vision. D) Form a coalition with enough power to lead the change. E) Communicate the vision throughout the organization.

B) Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed.

(easy) 62) ________ involves correcting errors using past routines and present policies. A) Process reengineering B) Single-loop learning C) Circular logrolling D) Double-loop learning E) Organizational restructuring

B) Single-loop learning

(easy) 65) ________ is a dynamic condition in which an individual is confronted with an opportunity, demand, or resource related to what the individual desires and for which the outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and important. A) Change B) Stress C) Innovation D) Stimulation E) Creativity

B) Stress

(easy) 51) Which of the following is a step in the appreciative inquiry process? A) analysis B) dreaming C) inferring D) classifying E) collaboration

B) dreaming

(easy) 68) Political uncertainties, economic uncertainties, and technological change are examples of the ________ factors of potential stress. A) structural B) environmental C) organizational D) personal E) social

B) environmental

(Easy) 36) Which of the following is one of the three steps in the Lewin's three-step change model? A) analysis B) movement C) evaluation D) dreaming E) designing

B) movement

(easy) 73) Rudolf is dealing with impending layoffs at work. Yesterday, at a pharmacy, he measured his blood pressure and it was high. He also notices that when he thinks about the future, his heart rate accelerates. Rudolf is demonstrating ________ symptoms of stress. A) psychological B) physiological C) behavioral D) personal E) reactive

B) physiological

(easy) 47) The deemphasizing of hierarchical authority and control in organizational development is referred to as ________. A) horizontal integration B) power equalization C) trust and support D) respect for people E) vertical blending

B) power equalization

(easy) 61) Idea champions display characteristics associated with ________ leadership. A) narcissistic B) transformational C) autocratic D) transactional E) laissez-faire

B) transformational

(easy) 56) Which of the following types of changes involves a new idea being applied to initiating or improving a product, process, or service? A) continuous improvement B) double-loop learning C) innovation D) process reengineering E) organizational streaming

C) innovation

(easy) 8) ________ are persons who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for managing refinement activities. A) Early adopters B) Free riders C) Laggards D) Change agents E) Whistle-blowers

D) Change agents

(easy) 40) Which of the following is the last step in Kotter's eight-step plan for implementing change? A) Form a coalition with enough power to lead the change. B) Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed. C) Communicate the vision throughout the organization. D) Reinforce the changes by demonstrating the relationship between new behaviors and organizational success. E) Consolidate improvements, reassess changes, and make necessary adjustments in the new programs.

D) Reinforce the changes by demonstrating the relationship between new behaviors and organizational success.

(Easy) 29) The application of direct threats or force upon resisters is called ________. A) negotiation B) cooptation C) manipulation D) coercion E) arbitration

D) coercion

(easy) 9) Which of the following reactions from employees is preferable as a response to change? A) silence B) apathy C) resignation D) open discussion E) increase in the use of sick time

D) open discussion

(easy) 49) Which of the following is an organizational development technique that involves an outsider assisting a manager to identify what to improve and how? A) action research B) intergroup development C) appreciative inquiry D) process consultation E) social reinforcement

D) process consultation

(Easy) 33) Who developed a three-step model for change that included unfreezing, movement, and refreezing? A) John Kotter B) David McClelland C) Douglas Surber D) Lawrence Summers E) Kurt Lewin

E) Kurt Lewin

(easy) 11) A(n) ________ resistance to change clouds the link between the change and the reaction to it and may surface weeks, months, or even years later. A) overt B) immediate C) active D) explicit E) deferred

E) deferred

(Easy) 24) Using covert influence to overcome resistance to change is called ________. A) negotiation B) conciliation C) education D) coercion E) manipulation

E) manipulation

(easy) 78) Organizationally supported programs that focus on the employee's total physical and mental condition, such as helping them quit smoking or control alcohol use, are called ________ programs. A) job redesign B) relaxation C) employee involvement D) organizational development E) wellness

E) wellness