Chapter 2

The major components of a CPU are the _________, ________, and _________.

ALU, register, control unit

A problem-solving procedure that requires executing one or more comparison or branch instructions is called a(n) _________.

algorithm

A(n) _________ consists of computing resources with a Web-based front-end interface to a large collection of computing and data resources.

cloud

A(n) _________ is a group of similar or identical computers, connected by a high speed network, that cooperate to provide services or run an application.

cluster

The CPU _________ program instructions one at a time.

executes

A program that solves a(n) __________ requires no branching instructions.

formula

A CPU is a(n) __________ processor capable of performing many different tasks simply by changing the program.

general purpose

A(n) _________ is a group of dissimilar computer systems, connected by a high speed network, that cooperate to provide services or run a shared application.

grid

A(n) _________ is a hardware device that enables a computer to communicate with users or changing the program.

input/output device

A(n) __________ is a command to the CPU to perform one processing function on one or more data inputs.

instruction

The term __________ refers to storage devices, not located in the CPU, that hold instructions and data of currently running programs.

main memory

Primary storage can also be called _________ and is generally implemented with ________.

main memory, RAM

A(n) _______ generally supports more simultaneous users than a(n) __________. Both are designed to support more than one user.

mainframe, midrange

A(n) ___________ consists of hardware and software components that enable multiple users and computers to share information, software and hardware resources.

network

A set of instructions that's executed to solve a specific problem is called a(n) __________.

program

Most programs are written in a(n) _____________, such as C or Java, which is then translated into equivalent CPU instructions.

programming language

A(n) ________ is a storage location implemented in the CPU.

register

The term ___________ describes the collection of storage devices that hold large quantities of data for long periods.

secondary storage

A(n) ___________ is a computer that manages shared resources and allows other computers to access them through a network.

server

A(n) __________ typically uses the latest and most expensive technology.

super computer

The term ____________ describes a computer system's components and their interactions.

system architecture

The ______________ is the "plumbing" that connects all computer system components.

system bus

Resource allocation and direct hardware control are the responsibilities of a(n) ____________.

system software

______________ software is general-purpose software. ______________ software is specialized for specific user needs.

system, application