chapter 2 hardware
Which of the following are storage devices?
(a) Optical drive (b) External hard drive (c) Universal serial bus (USB) drive
Petabyte (PB)
1,000 terabytes of data
Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between
1-4 gigahertz
Jorge wants to check the hard drive capacity of his Windows laptop through the System menu. Place the following steps in order with the first step at the top
1. Click the Windows icon to open the Start menu 2. Click the Settings icon to open the Settings menu 3. Click system 4. Click storage
Rank the storage capacities from highest to lowest. Place the highest capacity (largest) at the top
1. Petabyte (PB) 2. Terabyte (TB) 3. Gigabyte (GB) 4. Megabyte (MB) 5. Kilobyte (KB)
Put the steps of the boot process in the correct order.
1. The device is powered on and the CPU activates BIOS 2. The power-on self-test is executed 3. the OS is loaded into RAM 4. The OS checks the registry settings and loads saved configuration settings.
Place the following steps in order to use the Disk Cleanup app on a Windows computer. Place the first step on top.
1. click the Cortana icon to open the search window 2. type disk cleanup 3. in the disk cleanup dialog box, select the unused files 4. click ok
Which two of the following statements are true about Unicode?
16 bit (minimum) encoding standard Capable of representing all of the world's languages
Popularized with transistor radios in the 1950s, this connector is still used with many (non-Apple) cell phones today. It is a:
3.5-mm connector
Processors typically have a word size of either
32 bits; or 64 bits
The ASCII coding language uses
8 bits to represent a byte of information.
There are many protocols that are used to help streamline the communication of all digital devices. For example, Wi-Fi uses the
802.11 protocol. This protocol ensures that devices enabled with Wi-Fi can connect to any Wi-Fi network.
Which two of the following items are commonly included when you purchase a Windows PC laptop computer with a solid-state hard drive?
A universal serial bus (USB) port An operating system
Some computers use an
ASCII an 8-bit coding scheme to represent characters in a binary format.
Match the correct process of the machine cycle to the appropriate definition, fetch?
An instruction is obtained from memory
Which of the following is not part of the boot process?
Any installed anti-virus software checks the system for errors
Bluetooth capable devices are becoming very popular.
Because its radio waves can pass through walls or desktops,
The smallest unit of storage is called a
Bit, it is the data held or processed by a single transistor.
Bus width is measure in
Bits. A 64-bit bus can transmit 64 bits of data.
A short-distance wireless communications technology, , uses relatively short-wavelength radio waves to transfer data between devices like phones, speakers, and headphones.
Bluetooth
A short-range wireless transmission protocol is known as
Bluetooth
The short-range wireless transmission protocol, commonly used with smartphones and many other devices, is called
Bluetooth
The loading of an operating system into the main memory of a device is called the
Booting process
In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), eight bits = one
Byte
Eight bits are considered to make one
Byte of information. In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), it is the data required to store one character, such as a letter or a number.
Which computer component found on the motherboard (magnified in the image) is often called the brains of the computer?
CPU central processing unit
Which two of the following statements are true about the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) encoding standard?
Can represent a total of 256 characters Capable of representing 26 uppercase and lowercase letters used in the English language, numbers, and many different symbols
Which of the following computers might contain a traditional (magnetic) hard drive?
Dell desktop computer
Match the following computers with their characteristics, desktop computer?
Designed for power users. Has a relatively large footprint.
Match the following computers with their characteristics, laptop computer?
Designed for those who need a mobile computer but need to enter a large amount of data
Click 3 characteristics of desktop computers.
Desktops use a full OS. Desktops are often used in offices since they do not need to be mobile. Desktops allow for relatively easy upgrade and expansion.
Which two of the following statements are correct regarding a byte?
Equal to 8 bits Each number, special character, and letter of the alphabet is represented as a byte
Sold in categories such as CAT5e (enhanced) or CAT6, or CAT7 cable is commonly used for connecting devices in a network. These are commonly called
Ethernet cables
Match the processor manufacturer to the correct statement, intel?
Founded in 1968, this is the world's largest designer of computer chips. Its i5, i7, and i9 chips dominate the personal computer market.
Match the processor manufacturer to the correct statement, AMD?
Founded in 1969, this company's technology is featured inside most gaming consoles including the PS5.
Which three of the following colors are used to create pixels in most output devices?
Green Blue Red
is the standard for video and audio input into televisions today.
HDMI
What is equal to one cycle per second?
Hertz
A unit of frequency representing one cycle per second is
Hertz/ Hz
is a standard interface for audio-video connectivity which allows for the transmission of high-definition audio and video signals.
High-Definition Multimedia Interface HDMI
A TV remote usually uses
IR (infrared) radio waves
Match the location of the motherboard in each device, desktop?
In tower or chassis
IrDA stands for the
Infrared Data Association which establishes the protocols for infrared communication transfer.
Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers
Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad Full operating system Mobile
The largest chip designing and manufacturing company in the world is
Intel
The correct abbreviation for megahertz is
MHz
L1 cache
Memory located directly on the processor itself
L3 cache
Memory located next to the processor
Disk cache
Memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency
Select two characteristics of a solid-state drive (SSD).
No moving parts Extremely fast
Which two of the following responses best define the term "resolution" in output devices?
Number of pixels in a display Quality of the image
Gigabyte (GB)
One billion bytes of data
Megabyte (MB)
One million bytes of data
Kilobyte (KB)
One thousand bytes of data
Terabyte (TB)
One trillion bytes of data
Media players allow you to listen to audio files such as music, podcasts, listen to audio books, and watch videos. Media players are often referred to as
Personal Media Players due to their transportability and customization.
Programs and data currently being used by the processor are placed in the
RAM
Which three of the following statements are true regarding resolution?
Resolution refers to the sharpness and clarity of an image. The higher a screen's resolution, the more pixels it contains. Resolution refers to the number of pixels in a display device.
Checking the hard drive on a device running Windows 10 can be done using the
This PC App
Which of the following is one of the ports shown in the image?
USB
Many computers today use
Unicode, which is a coding scheme using at least 16 bits to represent a character.
A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called
Universal Serial Bus
File Server
Used for data storage.
Network Server
Used to control access to resources such as printers and applications on a network.
Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer.
Usually has a mobile operating system Has as a touchscreen Is highly mobile
Popular in the 1990s, the blue port in the image is used to connect computers to monitors or televisions
VGA
This close-up of the side of a laptop computer. To the left of the HDMI port is a(n)
VGA port
Which three of the following are common types of servers?
Web Server Network Server File Server
The standard for wireless Ethernet networks is known as
Wi-Fi
Gigahertz means one
billion cycles (instructions) per second
A channel over which information flows inside a digital device is called a
bus
The three factors that impact processor speed are clock speed, word size, and
bus width
Data flows between different parts of the computer via
buses
One character of information, for example, a letter or a number consists of one
byte
A high-speed storage area usually located directly on the CPU is called
cache, l2 cache, or l1 cache
The amount of data that defines each color in a pixel is called
color depth
The GPU (graphics processing unit) is a
computer within your computer that creates images.
Screen size is measured by the
diagonal distance between the upper right and lower left corners of the screen.
Screen size is measured
diagonally from one corner of the screen to the other.
The windows 10 app used remove unwanted files from your computer's hard drive is called
disk cleanup
One way to delete unused files from your Windows hard drive is to use the
disk cleanup app
A computer that is integrated (is a part of) with a larger device, such as a programmable thermostat, is called a(n)
embedded computer. It has a real-time operating system (RTOS).
The computer that can be found inside a digital watch (not an iWatch) is referred to as a(n)
embedded computer. It has a real-time operating system.
Most tablets have solid-state drive (SSD) capacities measured in terabytes (TBs).
false
A protocol commonly used to transfer large files from one server to another on the Internet is the
file transfer protocol (FTP)
The depiction of image data on a display or output device is called
graphic
The output of a computer that creates a visual image is called
graphics
The physical parts of a computer, such as the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and system unit are called computer
hardware
Which of the following terms refers to the physical parts of a computer system?
hardware
Memory and caches
hold data used by processors.
A highly mobile, touch-screen enabled device that is larger than a smartphone and popular with those who use a computer while walking around is
iPad computer
T.V. remotes use
infrared signals
Put the steps of the information processing cycle in the correct order, with the first step at the top
input process output store
The connector and port developed for Apple devices such as iPhones and iPads is called
lightning
Fetch, decode, execute, and store are steps of the
machine cycle
While not designed to solve complex technical formulas, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously is called a
mainframe
Megahertz means one
million cycles (or instructions) per second
The system unit of a computer houses the computer's main circuit board. This circuit board, which holds the CPU, is called the
motherboard
Cache contains frequently accessed data and is
much smaller than computer's RAM
The actual number of pixels in a monitor is called
native resolution
The smallest element of an electronic image is called a
pixel
The resolution of monitors and other display devices is measured in
pixels
A hole or slot in a computer, designed to accept a specific connector, is called a
port
This would plug into a computer's USB
port
A set of rules for communication between devices that determine how data are transmitted and received is called a
protocol
IP, FTP, HTTP, and HTTPS are all acronyms that describe different
protocols
Wi-Fi waves are basically
radio waves
A processor composed of one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a
single-core processor
Represented by either a 0 or 1, a bit is the
smallest unit of data a computer can process.
A hardware component that keeps data and information when the device is not powered is called a
storage device
Most desktop computers come with a traditional hard drive. The purpose of the hard drive is to
store data
A coding scheme capable of representing the languages of the world,
unicode, uses 16 bits to represent information.
The graphics adapter inside a digital device is also called the
video/graphics card
The amount of data that can be transmitted at a given time by a bus is called bus
width
The amount of bits a processor can work with at any given time is referred to as
word size
Tiffany wants to remove unwanted files from her laptop's hard drive. One of the fastest ways is to use Disk Cleanup. Place the following steps in order with the first step at the top.
1. From the start button menu, choose all programs, ->accessories, -> system tools, -> disk cleanup. Click OK, then delete files 2. If prompted, choose the mass storage device that you want to clean up 3. In the disk cleanup dialog box, select the items you want to remove 4. Click ok, the delete files
Which two of the following are correct statements regarding all-in-one computers?
An all-in-one computer is a stationary device with a separate keyboard and mouse. The motherboard is housed behind the monitor. All-in-one computers house every component except the keyboard and mouse inside the same case as the monitor.
Match the location of the motherboard in each device, smarthphone?
Behind the touchscreen
Match the location of the motherboard in each device, laptop?
Beneath the keyboard.
Which three of the following devices are computers?
Desktop Laptop Smartphone
Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?
Full operating system Mobile Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad
The instructions needed to boot-up a computer, such as the basic input/output system (BIOS), are typically stored in
ROM (Read Only Memory)
Digital device manufactures include separate chips of storage (nonvolatile) that contain instructions not designed to be rewritten or removed. An example of these instructions includes the basic input-output system (BIOS). This type of storage is separate from the hard drive and is referred to as
Read-Only Memory ROM
are all-electronic storage devices that are used in a variety of products including smartphones, cameras, and tablet computers. SSDs have no moving parts, which makes them faster and more durable than hard drives
Solid State Drives (SSDs)
Which two of the following are used for measuring typical hard drive capacities for personal computers?
Terabytes Gigabytes
Web Server
Used to control access to resources on the Web
martphones owe much of their popularity and computing flexibility to
apps
A digital device that accepts input, processes and stores the input, and provides output is a
computer
This personal computer is a good choice for gamers who want to be able to expand its capabilities and for families with children who might drop a laptop. It's called a
desktop computer
Memory, such as RAM or cache, is
electronic (solid state), and has no moving parts
Typical SSD capacities for tablet computers or smartphones are measured in
gigabytes
Because they have no moving parts, solid-state drives (SSDs) costs tend to be
higher
Memory, such as a computer's RAM
holds data and programs being used by the processor.
ROM (Read-Only Memory)
is actually storage since it retains data and information when the power has been turned off.
Hard drive capacity
is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information.
A two-in-one computer combines a large tablet computer with a (usually) detachable
keyboard
A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a
laptop computer
When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is
not saved
can damage a processor if not properly executed. It will also void your warranty.
overclocking
Running the processor faster than recommended by the manufacturer is called
overclocking This can increase performance and speed, but can also void the manufacturer warranty.
The Apple iPod, Google Chromecast, Amazon Kindle Fire and Roku are examples of
personal media players
IPOS refers to the four basic computing functions. IPOS stands for Input, ___, Output, and Storage
processing
All computations and activities in a digital device are conducted by the
processor
In an all-in-one computer, such as the one pictured in the image, the motherboard is housed behind the
screen/monitor/display
A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a
server
Devices allowing the retention of data, when your computer has been shut down, for future use are called
storage
The most powerful computers, can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.
supercomputers
The location of the computer's ___ unit, which houses a computer's motherboard, depends on the type of computer.
system
One type of storage device is a
universal serial bus (USB) drive
Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called
all-in-one computers
The amount of instructions the CPU can process per second is dictated by the
clock
The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its
footprint
A multicore processor has the ability to execute two or more sets of instructions at the same time. This is called
hyperthreading
Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and capable of executing two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a
multi-core processor
Fill in the blank question. A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a
server
Sometimes called a convertible laptop, a type of laptop that has a removable, or concealed keyboard as well as a touchscreen so that it can be used as a tablet is called a(n
2-in-1
Match the processor manufacturer to the correct statement, Nvidia?
Founded in 1993, produces popular mobile device processors.
Which of the following are characteristics of a traditional hard drive?
Has physically spinning platters. Has a read/write head to detect magnetic charges. Uses magnetic charges to store data.
Match the following computers with their characteristics, tablet computer?
Highly mobile device that can be used while standing or even walking
The small amount of memory, located within the CPU itself, is referred to as
L1 cache
The person in the image is installing
RAM into a laptop computer
Match the correct process of the machine cycle to the appropriate definition, store?
The results are placed in memory before the next instruction is executed
It is important to be able to identify the different types of computers. For example, what do you call a computer that has a separate chassis (or tower) that connects to separate peripherals such as the monitor, keyboard, and mouse?
desktop
Which two of the following are computers?
Smartphone Gaming console
Which two of the following statements are correct regarding the CPU?
The CPU is located on the motherboard of the computer. The CPU is integrated into a chip called a microprocessor.
Which three of the following are correct statements regarding clock speed?
The clock speed is the base speed at which the processor performs the machine cycle each second. Increasing the clock speed of a processor is called overclocking. Clock speed is sometimes called clock rate.
Match the correct process of the machine cycle to the appropriate definition, decode?
The instructions are converted into something the computer can understand
Match the correct process of the machine cycle to the appropriate definition, execute?
The processor completes the instruction
Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and can execute two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a
multi-core processor.
A processor with one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a
single-core processor
A cell phone that allows you to surf the web is called a(n) ___. This is actually a powerful computer capable of accepting input, processing data into information, providing data, and storing data
smartphone
A computer that is highly mobile, often has a smaller operating system (OS), and uses a touchscreen as the primary input method is called a
tablet
Match the following computers with their characteristics, all-in-one computer?
Designed to stay on a desk. Provides a large monitor but takes up less space than a desktop computer
A stationary (non-mobile) computer that combines the power of a desktop with a neat, clean, look is a(n):
all-in-one