Chapter 2- Nutrition

the recommendation in the 2010 dietary guidelines for americans that individuals drink more water and other low-or no-calorie beverages is based on the fact that a. people typically do not consume enough beverages to stay hydrated b. many americans consume high-calorie beverages containing added sugars that contribute to weight gain c. many americans consume alcohol instead of water and therefore may be at risk for becoming intoxicated d. consuming high-colirie beverages amy reduce food intake

b. many americans consume high-calorie beverages containing added sugars that contribute to weight gain

during clinical assessment, ___ of a nutrient deficiency are noted by the clinician, while ___ of a nutrient deficiency are reported by the patient a. symptoms, signs b. signs, symptoms c. laboratory measurements, complaints d. complaints, laboratory measurements

b. signs, symptoms

the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is estimated daily intake of a nutrient a. that metes the need of 50% of healthy in a given life-stage and sex category b. that meets the needs of 97% of healthy indiviudals in a given life-stage and sex category c. that is established when not enough evidence is available to set an adequate intake (AI) level d. that should not be exceeded

b. that meets the needs of 97% of healthy indiviudals in a given life-stage and sex category

nutrient density is defined as a. the ratio of a foods calories to its total nutrients b. the ratio of a foods nutrient to its total calories c. the amount of nutrient in a serving of food d. the amount of nutrients in a food item following removal of water

b. the ratio of a foods nutrient to its total calories

secondary malnutrition develops a. when someone does not commune an adequate amount of a certain nutrient or nutrients b. when an illness results in poor absoprtion of a certain nturint or nutrients c. when someone consumes to much of a certain nutrient or ntureints d. none

b. when an illness results in poor absoprtion of a certain nturint or nutrients

when assessing adequacy of a certain B vitamin intake in a populations, one should compare the average intake to the: a. UL b. RDA c. EAR d. AMDR

c. EAR

one difference between diet recall and diet record methods is that: a. diet recall relies on a 3-day food record, while a diet record is based on just one day b. diet recall provides indication of food intake patterns, while diet rocks is based on every item consumed in a 24-hour period c. a diet record is based on a written record of eery item consumed for atlas 3 days, while diet recall is silly based on a single day d. diet retro provides an indication of food intake patterns, while a diet recall is based on every item consumed or a 3-dya period

c. a diet record is based on a written record of eery item consumed for atlas 3 days, while diet recall is silly based on a single day

dietary reference intakes (DRI) are: a. a set of nutrition intake level that should not be exceeded by any person at any age b. a record of the food items consumed by a reference person over a 3-day period c. a set of four dietary assessment standards used to assess and plan dietary intake d. a single set of nutrient intake levels based on a record of the food items consumed by a reference person over a 3-day period.

c. a set of four dietary assessment standards used to assess and plan dietary intake

the DRI's include all of the following except: a. estimated average requirements b. recommended dietary allowances c. daily values d. adequate intakes e. tolerable upper intake levels

c. daily values

examples of nutrient dense food include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, mild, and a. softdrinks b. jelly beans c. eggs d. potato chips

c. eggs

the 2010 dietary guideline for american recommend the american increase their intake of all the following except a. fruits b. dark green, red and orange vegetables c. refined grains d. seafood

c. refined grains

which of the following statements about the MyPlate food guide is false? a. MyPlate replaced MyPyraminc as the governments official food guide in 2011 b. the five food groups represented are fruits, votable, grains, proteins, and dairy c. the recommended number of servings is specific on the graph d. it is intended to serve as a n online interactive tool to help users determine their food needs

c. the recommended number of servings is specific on the graph

the purpose of acceptable macronutrient distrubutuin ranges (AMDRs) is a. to assure appropriate energy intake or a given physical activity level b. to assess the adequacy of vitamins and minerals in diet c. to determine if the distribution of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the diet is healthy d. to determine if the energy provided by each meal is adequate

c. to determine if the distribution of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the diet is healthy

the AMDR for protein: a. 45-65% b. 35-50% c. 20-35% d. 10-35%

d. 10-35%

an estimated energy requirement (EER) is a. the average energy intake needed for a person to maintain a health weight b. calculated using age, sex, weight, height, and physical activity level c. expressed as kilocalories d. all of the above

d. all of the above

malnutrition describes a. state of undernutrition b. state of overnutrition c. poor nutritional status caused by an imbalance between nutrient needs and nutrients availability d. all of the above

d. all of the above

when a consumer is comparing two similar food items, he can use food labels to decide a. if one item contains more calories than the other b. if one time contains different ingredients than the other c. if one item contains more saturated fat than the other d. all of the above e. A and C

d. all of the above

when evaluating nutritional status, the goal is to: a. determine how well ones diet is meeting individual requirements b. be assured of no potential nutritional deficiences c. be assured of no potential nutritional toxicities d. all of the above

d. all of the above

according to the 2010 dietary guidelines for americans, trying to reduce portion sizes and consuming a nutrient dense breakfast are components of the recommendation to a. build healthy eating patterns b. reduce consumption of certain foods and food components c. increase consumption of certain foods and food components d. balance calories to manage weight

d. balance calories to manage weight

besides height and body weight, anthropometric measurements include a. blood levels of nutrients b. 24-hour dietary recall assessment c. evaluation of signs and symptoms of nutrient deficiencies d. body composition

d. body composition

factors that influence a persons nutritional needs include all of the follow except: a. age b. sex c. activity level d. income e. genetics

d. income

an example of a nutrient content claim is a. "low in sodium" b. "helps lower cholesterol" c. "lowers blood pressure" d. "improves vision"

a. "low in sodium"

Jen's EER is 2,000 kcal/day. Based on the AMDR, what is the minimum amount of calories that should come from carbohydrates, protein, and fats, respectively, in her diet? a. 900,200,400 b. 1300, 700, 700 c. 1000, 500,500 d. 900,700,500

a. 900,200,400

height, body weight, and body composition are examples of: a. anthropometric assessment tools b. biochemical assessment tools c. clinical assessment tools d. dietary assessment tools

a. anthropometric assessment tool

the USDA food patterns list is a tool to asisst people in knowing how many servings of food groups to consume. the five food groups included in the list mirror those food a. in the MyPlate graphic b. on the nutritional panel c. in the list of foods to reduce in the 2010 dietary guidelines for americans

a. in the MyPlate graphic

if you were to adopt the strategies captured in the MyPlate graohpci, you would: a. make half your plate fruit and vgatbles b. consume 4 food groups c. consume 6 food groups d. consume only meats as a source of protein

a. make half your plate fruit and vgatbles

nutrient deficiency and nutrient toxicity are examples: a. malnutrition b. over nutrition c. undernutrition d. normal day-to-day changes in nutritional status

a. malnutrition

EER differ from other DRI reference values because besides sex and age, the EER also factors in weight, height, and a. physical activity level b. tobacco use c. alcohol use d. head circumference

a. physical activity level

the FDA requires the packaged foods include a nutrition facts panel on their labels. the nutrition facts panel must include: a. serving size b. nutrient density c. multiplication of nutrient values for multiple servings .d. indentificaion of food group represented by the item

a. serving size

tolerable upper intake levels (ULs) are usual dietary intake level that a. should not be exceeded b. are well tolerated c. are meant to be used as a goal for dietary intake d. are set only for those who take supplements

a. should not be exceeded

the estimated average requirement (EAR) is the estimated daily intake of a nutrient: a. that meets the need of 50% of healthy individuals in a given life-stage and sex category b. that meets the need of 97% of healthy individuals in a given life-stage and sex category c. that is used in establishing the RDA for infants younger than 6 months d. that should not be exceeded

a. that meets the need of 50% of healthy individuals in a given life-stage and sex category

primary malnutrition developes from: a. when someone does not consume an adequate amount of a certain ntureitn or nutrients b. when an illness results in poor absorption of a certain nutrient or nutrients c. when someone experiences multiple deficiencies, but there is one nutrient that is most important d. none

a. when someone does not consume an adequate amount of a certain ntureitn or nutrients

when an individual wants to assess his intake of a certain vitamin, the best evaluation technique will be to compare his average daily intake to: a. UL b. RDA c. EAR d. AMDR

b. RDA

nutrition content claims and healthy claims on food labels a. similar because they both indicate the content of a certain nutrient in the food b. are both used by manufactures to increase the likelihood of consumer purchase c. both compare the food to other similar foods d. must both be supported by evidence of positive health benefits

b. are both used by manufactures to increase the likelihood of consumer purchase

adequate intake (AI) level are daily intake level of a given nutrient that a. should not be exceeded b. are established when RDAs cannot be determined because of insufficient evidence c. are equivalent to the EAR d. are adequate to meet the needs of 97% of healthy individuals in a given life-stage and sex category

b. are established when RDAs cannot be determined because of insufficient evidence

analysis of blood or urine to determine how much of a certain nutrient brother substance is present is an example of: a. an anthropometric measurement b. a biochemical measurement c. a clinical assessment d. a dietary assessment

b. biochemical measurement

when a health care providers draws blood in order to measure someones vitamin d status, they are performing a. an anthropometric measurement b. biochemical measurement c. a clinical assessment d. a dietary assessment

b. biochemical measurement

in order to determine if a food is a goof source of a particular nutrient, you should check___, for the ntueint on the nutrition facts panel a. RDA comparison b. daily value c. adequacy scale d. nutrient content index

b. daily value

imagine that tom has completed a food record and assessment and learn that his vitamin c intake is 20 mg/dya. the ear for vitamin c for men his age is 75 mg/day, the RDA is 90 mg/day, and UL is 2000 mg/day. based on this info Tom should: a. conclude that his vitamin c intake is adequate b. increase his intake of vitamin c rich food because he is not consuming enough c. take a vitamin c supplement of 2000 mg/day

b. increase his intake of vitamin c rich food because he is not consuming enough

the DRI values are established for: a. infants and children and physical activity levels b. males and females, infants and children, and physical activity levels c. different age groups an physiological conditions (pregnancy, lactation) d. males and females, different age groups, and physiological conditions (pregnancy, lactation)

d. males and females, different age groups, and physiological conditions (pregnancy, lactation)

dietary assessment of nutritional status may include all of the following tools except: a.iet recall b. a food frequency questionnaire c. a diet record d. menu selection

d. menu selection

the 2010 dietary guidelines for american recommend that american reduce their intake of all of the following except: a. sodium b. solid fats d. added sugar d. whole grains

d. whole grains

you can use ___ to find out how many servings of each food group would be needed to meet nutritional needs a. the USDA food patterns b. the DRIs c. the MyPlate food guide d. all of the above e. A and C

e. A and C

the 2010 dietary guidelines for americans established four groups of key recommendation including: a. reduces calories to lose weight b. reduced consumption of certain foods and food components c. increase consumption of certain food and food components d. all of the above e. B and C

e. B and C

the best use of the food tracker assessment tools accessed on the my plate website is to: a. pay attention to details and record every food and drink item consumed b. be as accurate as possible in estimating portion size of foods and beverages c. record the diet for three days representative of normal food intake, not holidays for instance d. avoid changing normal eating patterns on days when food intake is being recorded e. all of the above

e. all of the above

diet recall is a dietary assessment method that utilizes a 3-day food record

false

it is difficult to compare similar food items using the nutrition facts panel because serving sizes have not been standardized

false

malnutrition is a state of poor nutritional status caused by inadequate intake of nutrients

false

measures of height, weight, head circumference, and body composition are examples of biochemical assessment tools

false

the EAR and RDA standards are identical

false

malnutrition describes conditions of both undernutrition and over nutrition

true

nutrient continent claims and health claims on food labels are both regulated by the FDA

true

nutritional status is assessed using anthropometric, biochemical, clinical, and dietary methods

true

the MyPlate food guide is a visual tool that illustrates the recommendations found in the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans

true

the ingredients on a food label must be listed in order of abundance in the food most abundant to least abundant)

true