Chapter 2 Speech

Hearing only involves the _______ stage of the listening process. remembering receiving understanding responding

receiving

The first stage in listening is ______. evaluation remembering understanding receiving

receiving

______ listeners focus their complete attention on the speaker. Joint Passive Direct Active

Active

One of the guidelines for effective listening is to listen for total meaning. How would a listener do this? Compare the way the speaker presents information to how other speakers present the same information. Listen carefully for definitions, descriptions, and examples the speaker provides. Listen to what the speaker says, watch what he or she does, and be aware of what he or she does not say. Write down any terms you do not understand and ask for clarification following the speech.

Listen to what the speaker says, watch what he or she does, and be aware of what he or she does not say.

*The text lists three principles of public speaking that can be used when evaluating a speech. Which of the following is NOT one of those principles? constructing a speech that is based on sound research speaking on a subject that is worthwhile, relevant, and interesting to listeners (not) providing a detailed, well-organized account of a topic designing a speech for a specific audience

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_________ criticism helps speakers because it provides insight they can use to make better speeches in the future. Empathic Constructive Objective Positive

Constructive

When asked to evaluate the speaker, Brad said, "I loved the speech." Which guidelines for criticism is Brad failing to use? be kind be objective be specific be positive

be specific

A backchannel cue is used by the _______. channel speaker listener sender

listener

The process of receiving, understanding, remembering, evaluating, and responding to verbal and nonverbal messages is called ____. listening learning hearing talking

listening

In the United States, the single most important rule of listening politely is demonstrated when you _______. nod your head in agreement make eye contact ask a follow-up question sit up straight

make eye contact

Which of the following is a good example of a criticism because it is specific? "I liked your first example where you described the boy who survived the bear attack." "I thought your delivery was poor." "Your examples were good and kept my interest." "Overall, your speech was really good."

"I liked your first example where you described the boy who survived the bear attack."

Which of the following represents criticism given as an attack? "I would have liked to hear more about the research you did on the topic." "I would have liked it if you had looked directly at me when speaking." "I think it would have been more effective if you had looked at your notes less." "You should have put more time into the speech."

"You should have put more time into the speech."

*According to Deborah Tannen's book, which of the following is TRUE regarding women's behavior when listening? Women seek to be respected, so they express their knowledge and expertise. Women assume a more combative posture while listening, as if getting ready to argue. Women tend to listen quietly without giving a lot of listening cues as feedback. Women seek to be liked, so they will express agreement.

...

*Meredith was pleased to hear that the speaker was also against the new convention center because Meredith had never wanted it to be built. This made her feel even more biased against the project. Meredith's feelings are an example of an effect called __________. sharpening tightening idolizing (not) filing

...

________ is the term used when evaluating a speech and rendering a judgment on its value. Feedback Overview Criticism Signpost

Criticism

Actualization refers to the tendency to reconstruct messages so they reflect your own attitudes, prejudices, needs, and values. True False

False

Display rules govern which listening behaviors are appropriate and which are inappropriate in a public setting. True False

False

Ethnocentrism refers to the idea that all cultures are important and no individual culture is better than another. True False

False

Lengthening is the term given to describe an item of information that takes on increased importance because it seems to confirm your own stereotypes or prejudices. True False

False

Memory is considered reproductive and NOT reconstructive. True False

False

The word criticism is based on a Latin word that means able to view. True False

False

When your facial expressions are appropriate to the tone of a speaker's talk, you are demonstrating thinking empathy. True False

False

You take responsibility for any criticism you provide when you use ___-messages. I them they you

I

Which of the following listeners is using a backchannel cue? José realized that the speaker was saying incorrect things about the product, so instead of listening he thought about where to go for dinner that night. At the conclusion of the speech, Robert raised his hand to ask a question. To show her interest in what the speaker had to say, Parul leaned forward slightly in her chair. After the speech was over, Rachel clapped politely.

To show her interest in what the speaker had to say, Parul leaned forward slightly in her chair.

Collectivist cultures place a heavy emphasis on face-saving. In other words, always allowing people to appear in a positive light. True False

True

Criticism may be negative, but it may also be positive. True False

True

During the evaluation stage of the listening process, the listener judges the message and the speaker's credibility. True False

True

In order to be objective when criticizing a speech, you must transcend any biases you have. True False

True

Nodding your head in agreement as a speaker talks is an example of a backchannel cue. True False

True

Owning criticism means avoiding attributing what you found wrong to others. True False

True

The United States is an example of an individualistic culture. True False

True

The best way to own the criticism you give is by using I-messages. True False

True

Which of the following listeners is using assimilation? When his boss told him that big changes were coming in staffing, Jordan interpreted this to mean he was going to have to work longer hours and train more people. Lila noticed that whenever the speaker was moving to a new point in her speech, she looked up from the podium and made eye contact with the audience. Krissi's roommates didn't even listen to her when she said the cable service would be cut off if they didn't pay the bill on time. Katie refused to listen to the speaker when she realized he was from the company that had fired her father two years ago.

When his boss told him that big changes were coming in staffing, Jordan interpreted this to mean he was going to have to work longer hours and train more people.

While making the "ok" sign with the thumb and forefinger is common in the United States, in Brazil it would be considered offensive. This is an example of ________. a display rule an idiolect an assimilation an I-message

a display rule

According to the text, the first thing every listener should do is to listen ______. politely actively objectively empathically

actively

Carly's new college roommate is from Texas and greets everyone by saying "hi y'all!" Carly is from the Midwest and greets everyone with "hey guys!" These unique variations of the same language represent ____. an idiolect a phoneme an idiom a signpost

an idiolect

As Jonathan listened to the human resource director talk about the upcoming changes, he thought to himself, "here they go again, messing up my schedule." Jonathan's form of thinking is known as ______. collectivism ethnocentrism assimilation empathy

assimilation

In order to listen with an open mind, the text states it is important that you _______. avoid offensive listening avoid prejudging maintain eye contact focus on both verbal and nonverbal messages

avoid prejudging

Marlena is aware of her ethnocentrism and knows she must be careful not to evaluate the customs associated with the upcoming speaker negatively. What aspect of being an ethical critic is Marlena displaying? separating personal feelings about the issue analyzing the context being culturally sensitive separating personal feelings about the speaker

being culturally sensitive

The _______ culture places primary value on the group's goals. individualist collectivist activist antagonist

collectivist

Karen was compassionate toward the speaker when he described his life-threatening allergic reaction to a medication because she had the same allergy and had a similar experience. Karen is expressing ______. positivity empathy apathy sympathy

empathy

The ability to feel the same emotion as another is called ________. realism empathy sympathy compassion

empathy

After Reggie heard about his new roommate's life in India, he was glad he was in the U.K. because it was obviously a better place to live. Reggie is demonstrating _______. ethnocentrism plagiarism stereotyping gunnysacking

ethnocentrism

The tendency to evaluate the values, beliefs, and behaviors of your own culture as being more superior to other cultures is called ______. collectivistic ethnocentrism stereotyping actualization

ethnocentrism

Critical thinking would be used in the _____ phase of the listening process. receiving evaluation responding remembering

evaluation

As Shannon told the story of how her sister passed away, Kiley listened to the story with tears running down her cheeks. Kiley is expressing _____ empathy. feeling directive thinking Informative

feeling

Unlike the single-process step involved in hearing, listening involves _____ steps. four three two five

five

Two major principles guide ethical listening: give the speaker an honest hearing and _________. give the speaker honest responses and feedback listen attentively respond politely when the speaker is talking ignore the opinions of those around you

give the speaker honest responses and feedback

As Maria listened to her professor's talk on the Civil Rights Movement, she repeated the important names and dates to herself. Which aspect of listening will Maria improve by doing this? evaluating understanding remembering receiving

remembering

In which stage of the listening process does retaining what has been said take place? understanding receiving remembering evaluating

remembering

Taking notes during a presentation is an effective tool to enhance the ______ stage of the listening process. remembering responding receiving evaluating

remembering

The final step in the listening process is _____. remembering responding evaluation receiving

responding

After Simon finished his presentation, Rebecca told him that his introduction was boring and she didn't want to listen to the rest of the speech either. What is the first rule of giving criticism that Rebecca failed to do? summarize the main points identify something that was not effective to you say something positive suggest an improvement

say something positive

The first thing you should do when expressing criticism is ___________. suggest improvements identify something that was not effective to you personally say something positive identify something that was not effective to the group

say something positive

When criticism is ________, it is considered most effective. mild specific vague harsh

specific

An idiolect refers to a unique variation of ______. the language a channel an accent a listening skill

the language

When you use _______ empathy, you express an understanding of what a person means. pleasing thinking feeling sharing

thinking

The responding phase of the listening process occurs in ____ phases. two six five

two

As Jessica listened to the presentation on the new cleaning products, she equated what she was hearing with something similar she had read about in a trade publication. Which aspect of the listening process is Jessica going through? evaluating hearing responding understanding

understanding

Carlos clearly knew what the speaker was talking about. He not only grasped the message from the speaker's words, but also from the emotions she expressed. Which stage of the listening process does this represent? remembering understanding evaluating receiving

understanding