Chapter 20: Chapter Test

After activating the​ auto-injector, how long should it be held in place before removing it from the​ patient's thigh?

10 seconds

You are treating a​ 28-year-old female who is 34 weeks pregnant. She has a history of bee sting anaphylaxis and was stung by a bee while in the garden. She is having severe respiratory distress and her blood pressure is​ 72/50 mmHg. Which of the following is the BEST option for the​ EMT?

Administer the ​Epi-PenSuperscript ® only on the advice of medical control.

You are called to a residence for a​ 50-year-old male complaining of difficulty breathing. He is alert and oriented to​ time, place, and person. The patient presents with hives over the​ chest, stridor, a swollen​ tongue, and wheezing in the upper fields. He is breathing 32 times per minute. He is speaking in​ two- to​ three-word sentences. What is the best treatment for the​ patient?

Administering epinephrine with consent from medical control

You are on the scene of a motor vehicle collision in which a car has driven off the roadway and is resting at the bottom of an embankment. The driver is in mild respiratory distress. His skin is flushed and he has hives. A​ Medic-Alert bracelet indicates an allergy to peanuts. You notice a candy bar wrapper on the floor of the car. Which of the following should you do​ first?

Administer​ high-concentration oxygen.

When documenting the administration of an epinephrine​ auto-injector, which of the following should be​ included?

All of the above

Which of the following is a general term for a substance to which the body may have an anaphylactic​ reaction?

Allergen

You are called to a farmhouse on a sunny spring afternoon. Upon​ arrival, a frantic mother tells you that her​ 3-year-old daughter was playing in the​ yard, accidentally stepped on a​ hornets' nest, and was stung repeatedly. The patient is​ alert, screaming and​ crying, and can follow her​ mother's commands. Her arms and legs are swollen and show the marks of several stings. Her body is covered in hives. Her vital signs are blood pressure​ 90/40, pulse​ 110, respiratory rate​ 24, and oxygen saturation​ 99%. Her lung sounds are clear and equal bilaterally. Her mother states she put​ "nox-a-sting" on the bites but the bites only seemed to get worse. What condition is the patient suffering​ from?

Allergic reaction from the​ hornets' stings

A​ 35-year-old female has just eaten lobster and is now complaining of​ itchy, watery eyes. Her blood pressure is beginning to​ fall, but she denies difficulty breathing. Which of the following best describes her​ condition?

Anaphylaxis

What is another name for a severe allergic​ reaction?

Anaphylaxis

You are called to a residence for a​ 60-year-old male complaining of chest pain. You find the patient seated in bed. His past medical history includes hypertension and high cholesterol. The patient presents with hives over the​ chest, stridor, a swollen​ tongue, and wheezing in the upper fields. He denies any shortness of breath or respiratory​ distress, but does so in short two to three word statements. What condition do you​ suspect?

Anaphylaxis

You are called to the local park on a hot summer day for an​ 8-year-old child in respiratory distress. The child can barely speak and appears to be getting sleepy. Vital signs are blood pressure​ 90/60, pulse​ 120, and respiratory rate 32. Your physical exam reveals a swollen​ tongue, inspiratory​ stridor, wheezing, and hives on the neck and chest. What condition do you​ suspect?

Anaphylaxis

You have responded to a park where you find a​ 23-year-old female sitting on a bench near a running trail. She states that she has been running for the past 30​ minutes, and all of a sudden she cannot catch her breath. She states that this has never happened before and she usually runs 5 miles a day. Your assessment reveals that she is​ flushed, her pulse is fast and​ weak, her respirations are fast and she is​ wheezing, and she has hives on her arms and chest. She is most likely suffering from which of the​ following?

Anaphylaxis

As you prepare to enter a​ patient's room in a nursing​ home, you see a sign posted on the door indicating that the patient has a latex allergy. Which of the following is the BEST way to care for the​ patient?

Ask the nursing facility staff to find synthetic exam gloves to wear for contact with this patient.

Which of the following is included in the primary assessment of a conscious patient suffering from anaphylactic​ shock?

Assessing whether the patient is able to speak without difficulty

You are transporting a​ 41-year-old female suffering from severe anaphylaxis. Her respiratory rate is 42 per​ minute, she is​ cyanotic, and she has a decreased level of responsiveness. Which of the following is the highest priority of care for this​ patient?

Assist ventilations with a​ bag-valve mask.

Which of the following is NOT a side effect of​ epinephrine?

Bradycardia

Which of the following is the result of histamine and other chemicals in the body during​ anaphylaxis?

Capillaries become​ leaky, bronchoconstriction​ occurs, and swelling appears in areas around the vocal cords.

Which of the following does NOT commonly lead to​ anaphylaxis?

Cat dander

You are unsure if a​ patient's condition requires the administration of an epinephrine​ auto-injector. Which of the following actions is most​ appropriate?

Consult medical direction.

You are on the scene of a​ 40-year-old male patient who is anaphylactic and still unresponsive following a single epinephrine injection. You had inserted an oral airway and administered oxygen at 15 liters per minute by​ bag-valve mask and your partner found diminished lung sounds. After the epinephrine administration your partner reassesses lung sounds and tells you that the patient is now wheezing loudly in all fields. What is the next action you should​ perform?

Contact medical control and request to administer another dose of epinephrine.

Your patient is a​ 45-year-old female who is allergic to sesame​ seeds, which she accidentally ingested when she ate a deli sandwich. She is having difficulty​ breathing, and she has​ hives, watery​ eyes, a weak pulse of 120 per​ minute, and swelling of the face and tongue. Which of the following is the BEST course of immediate​ action?

Contact medical control for orders to administer the​ patient's epinephrine​ auto-injector.

Your patient has a history of severe anaphylaxis and carries several​ auto-injectors. You have administered one of the​ auto-injectors, but the​ patient's condition continues to worsen. Which of the following is the next best course of​ action?

Contact medical control.

Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of an allergic reaction involving the​ skin?

Cyanosis

Which of the following occurs to blood vessels during an anaphylactic​ reaction?

Dilation

Which of the following is a trade name for an epinephrine​ auto-injector?

Epi-PenSuperscript ®

Which of the following does a physician NOT take into consideration when writing a prescription for a patient to obtain an epinephrine​ auto-injector?

How far the patient lives from medical attention

Which of the following is NOT an indication that epinephrine is helping the anaphylaxis​ patient's condition?

Increased dyspnea

Which of the following is the reason why infants rarely experience anaphylactic​ reactions?

Infants have not yet developed antibodies to allergens.

You are on the scene of a​ 22-year-old female patient who is unresponsive. The​ patient's mother states that she is deathly allergic to peanuts and accidentally ate stir fry cooked in peanut oil. The patient is unresponsive with agonal respirations at 6 per minute. What is your first​ action?

Insert an oral airway and apply oxygen at 15 liters per minute by​ bag-valve mask.

Which of the following changes commonly occurs in the cardiovascular system during​ anaphylaxis?

Low blood pressure due to vasodilation

Most epinephrine​ auto-injectors, except the​ Twinject, contain how many doses of​ epinephrine?

One

Which of the following is the proper method of disposing of a used epinephrine​ auto-injector?

Place the device in a rigid biohazardous sharps disposal container.

Your patient is a​ 7-year-old girl who was prescribed an antibiotic for an ear infection. After 4 days on the​ antibiotic, the patient is experiencing hives and itching on her​ face, throat, and neck. Which of the following should you​ do?

Provide supportive care and monitor the​ patient's condition during transport to the hospital.

You respond to a local swim park for a​ 29-year-old male who was stung by a bee and​ "passed out." Upon​ arrival, you find the patient unresponsive to all stimuli with agonal respirations at 6 per minute. You insert an oral airway and administer oxygen at 15 liters per minute by​ bag-valve mask. You notice that it is difficult to bag the patient. Your partner listens to lung sounds and states they are very diminished in the upper fields and absent in the lower fields. What is the best​ action?

Request orders from medical control to administer epinephrine.

If a patient was having a myocardial​ infarction, not an allergic​ reaction, and received an epinephrine​ auto-injection, which of the following would most likely​ occur?

Stronger and faster heartbeat

Which of the following explains why a patient may experience difficulty breathing during​ anaphylaxis?

Swelling of the airway tissues causes difficulty breathing.

Which of the following statements concerning severe allergic reactions is true​?

The quicker the onset of​ symptoms, the greater the likelihood of a severe allergic reaction.

After administering epinephrine per medical control via an​ auto-injector to an unresponsive anaphylactic adult​ patient, your partner reassesses the lung sounds. He tells you that the patient is now wheezing loudly in all fields whereas before the injection they were diminished in the upper fields and absent in the lower. What is your suspicion regarding the​ patient's condition?

The​ patient's condition is improving.

At which of the following sites should the EMT administer an epinephrine​ auto-injector?

Thigh

Your patient has eaten a casserole that may have contained seafood. The patient is worried because he has a seafood allergy. Upon​ assessment, you find no signs or symptoms of anaphylaxis. The​ patient's vital signs are stable and he has an epinephrine​ auto-injector prescribed to him. Which of the following actions is most​ appropriate?

Try to find out if the casserole contained seafood.

Which of the following is an action caused by epinephrine in​ anaphylaxis?

Vasoconstriction

Which of the following would you expect to hear when auscultating the lungs of a patient having an anaphylactic​ reaction?

Wheezing

Upon delivering a patient to the emergency​ department, you remove your gloves and find that your hands are red and itchy. Which of the following is most​ likely?

You are having an allergic reaction to the latex in the gloves.

Which of the following is MOST likely to be a complaint of a patient suffering from​ anaphylaxis?

​"My throat feels like it is​ closing."