Chapter 22: Coordinating Care for Patients with HIV

18. Which is the priority action for a nurse who is exposed to a needle-stick injury while providing patient care? 1) Washing the injury under running water 2) Squeezing the site to remove the patient's blood 3) Taking two or three drugs for 28 days 4) Consenting to a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test

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5. The nurse is caring for a patient who is newly diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient asks the nurse if there are ways to protect the patient's life partner from getting the HIV virus. After educating the patient, which statement indicates the need for further education? 1) "I know to use an oil-based lubricant to prevent spread of the disease to my partner." 2) "I can still kiss and hug my partner to show affection." 3) "I will not share my razor with my partner." 4) "I know I have to practice safer sex with my partner by using a latex condom."

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7. The nurse is providing care to a pediatric patient who is HIV-positive. The patient's mother is describing the child's current condition and activities to the nurse. Which parental statement indicates that the child may require further intervention? 1) "My child seems somewhat isolated and doesn't have any real friends." 2) "My child has a good appetite and eats regular meals." 3) "My child hasn't shown any sign of infection." 4) "My child attends school and doing well in class."

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20. The nurse is providing care to a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient's CD4+ count is currently 480 cells/L. Which complication is this patient at risk for developing? 1) Toxoplasmosis 2) Herpes zoster virus 3) Vaginal candidiasis 4) Severe bacterial infection

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4. A nurse is developing a plan of care for a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient states, "I don't plan on giving up sex just because I am HIV positive." Based on this data, which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient? 1) Risk for Infection 2) Death Anxiety 3) Deficient Knowledge 4) Social Isolation

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11. The nurse is providing care to a patient, diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with a CD4+ count of less than 200 cells/L. Which classification of HIV should the nurse document for this patient? 1) Stage 0 2) Stage 1 3) Stage 2 4) Stage 3

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25. Place the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in sequential order. (Enter the number of each step in the proper sequence; do not use punctuation or spaces. Example: 1234) 1) AIDS 2) Death 3) Seroconversion 4) Viral transmission 5) Acute viral infection 6) Asymptomatic chronic infection

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1. The nurse is caring for a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who is in antiretroviral therapy. The patient reports nausea, fever, severe diarrhea, and anorexia. Which prescribed medication does the nurse anticipate in order to relieve the anorexia and to stimulate the patient's appetite? 1) Dronabinol (Marinol) 2) Abacavir (Ziagen) 3) Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) 4) Zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT)

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13. The nurse is providing care to a patient who is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient presents with a fever without other notable symptoms. Which is the most likely cause of this data? 1) Infection 2) Disease progression 3) Mycobacterial infection 4) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

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16. The nurse is assessing a patient who is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who presents with a rash. Which assessment question is most appropriate? 1) "Are you taking Bactrim?" 2) "Have you recently used a new soap?" 3) "What have you eaten in the last few days?" 4) "Did you have unprotected sex within the last week?"

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21. The nurse is providing care to a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient's CD4+ count is less than 200 cells/L. Which complication is this patient at risk for developing? 1) Toxoplasmosis 2) Herpes zoster virus 3) Vaginal candidiasis 4) Severe bacterial infection

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3. The nurse is discharging a pediatric patient who was recently diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). When discussing appropriate health promotion activities for this child, which immunization is contraindicated? 1) Varicella vaccine 2) Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB conjugate vaccine) 3) Hepatitis B vaccine (hep B) 4) Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP)

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26. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects and destroys CD4 cells. List the following events in the order in which they occur for a patient who is HIV-positive. (Enter the number of each step in the proper sequence; do not use punctuation or spaces. Example: 1234) 1) Virus invades helper T cell 2) Viral RNA converts with reverse transcriptase to viral DNA 3) Viral DNA integrates with host cell DNA. 4) Virus remains latent, or actively replicates 5) Virus sheds protein coat

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28. The nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a patient who is newly diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which values should be reported to the patient's health-care provider? Select all that apply. 1) CD4 cell count 1,100/mm3 2) T4 cell count 150 3) CD4 lymphocytes 12% 4) Viral load 11,500 copies/mL 5) WBC 6,500

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27. The nurse is planning care for a pediatric patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The nurse selects Risk for Infection as a priority nursing diagnosis for this pediatric patient. Based on this nursing diagnosis, which actions by the nurse are appropriate? Select all that apply. 1) Administering tuberculosis skin tests every six months 2) Teaching proper food-handling techniques to the family 3) Instructing on the importance of consuming ample fresh fruits and vegetables 4) Assessing the health status of all visitors 5) Monitoring hand-washing techniques used by the family

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6. A home health nurse is conducting home visits for several patients who are diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which patient would the nurse see first? 1) A patient who is receiving lamivudine (Epivir) because of a diagnosis of a low CD4 cell count 2) A patient with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) who called the office this morning to report a new onset of fever, cough, and shortness of breath 3) A patient with wasting syndrome who needs modifications and education regarding dietary changes 4) A patient who is receiving IV antibiotics daily for toxoplasmosis

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9. The nurse is providing care to a patient, diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with a CD4+ count of 500 cells/L. Which classification of HIV should the nurse document for this patient? 1) Stage 0 2) Stage 1 3) Stage 2 4) Stage 3

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12. The nurse is providing care to a patient who is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient has lost 15% of body weight since the last appointment. Which reason should the nurse include in a teaching session for this patient regarding this occurrence? 1) Infection 2) Disease progression 3) Mycobacterial infection 4) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

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10. The nurse is providing care to a patient, diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with a CD4+ count of 300 cells/L. Which classification of HIV should the nurse document for this patient? 1) Stage 0 2) Stage 1 3) Stage 2 4) Stage 3

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14. The nurse is providing care to a patient who is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient reports night sweats. Which is the most likely reason for this clinical manifestation? 1) Infection 2) Disease progression 3) Mycobacterial infection 4) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

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17. Which immunization should the nurse encourage for a patient who is diagnosed with Stage 2 human immunodeficiency virus? 1) Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine 2) Oral polio vaccine (OPV) 3) Influenza vaccine 4) Varicella vaccine

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22. The nurse is providing care to a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient's CD4+ count is greater than 500 cells/L. Which complication is this patient at risk for developing? 1) Toxoplasmosis 2) Herpes zoster virus 3) Vaginal candidiasis 4) Severe bacterial infection

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24. The nurse is providing care to a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which patient statement indicates the need for further education regarding HIV management? 1) "I will eat small, frequent meals." 2) "I will use condoms for every sexual encounter." 3) "I will take my medications when others can see me, even if that means taking them late." 4) "I will ask my spouse to clean the cat litter to decrease my risk for developing toxoplasmosis."

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8. A nurse working in an intensive care unit (ICU) is assigned a patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Based on this data, which type of precaution does the nurse implement when providing direct care? 1) Droplet 2) Reverse 3) Standard 4) Contact

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15. The nurse is providing care to a patient who is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient has shortness of breath when walking, but no problems breathing at rest. Which is the most likely cause for this clinical manifestation? 1) Infection 2) Disease progression 3) Mycobacterial infection 4) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

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19. Which patient should the nurse offer the opportunity for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing during an annual physical examination? 1) A 66-year-old male patient 2) A 75-year-old female patient 3) An 8-year-old school-age child 4) An 18-year-old young adult patient

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2. A nurse is performing an admission assessment on a patient with symptoms that indicate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which question from the nurse addresses a major risk factor for contracting HIV? 1) "Has your partner been experiencing these symptoms?" 2) "When was your first sexual experience?" 3) "Have you had any fever, diarrhea, or chills over the last 48 hours?" 4) "Have you ever experimented with intravenous drugs?"

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23. The nurse is providing care to a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The patient's CD4+ count is currently 250 cells/L. Which complication is this patient at risk for developing? 1) Toxoplasmosis 2) Herpes zoster virus 3) Vaginal candidiasis 4) Severe bacterial infection

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