chapter 22-The Rhetoric Aristotle

Critics have noted that Aristotle made blurred distinctions between which two types of speaking?

Epideictic and deliberative. Many critics acknowledge that Aristotle's theory does not meet the interpretive standard of aesthetic appeal.

For her retirement dinner, the company holds a 'roast' for Sara, where they all take turns giving short speeches that both poke fun at her quirky personality but also praise her for contributions to the company. Aristotle would most likely categorize these speeches as

Epideictic.

When Aristotle referred to perceived intelligence, he was referring most clearly to

Overlap between the audience's beliefs and the speaker's ideas. Note that perceived is an important word here. As a component of ethos, perceived intelligence is something an audience ascribes, not something the speaker possesses alone.

Rhetoric is different from dialectic in that rhetoric -

deals with probability

A(n) _____________ is an incomplete version of a formal deductive syllogism.

enthymeme

Communication scholars have devoted substantial scholarly attention to how language generates competence, trustworthiness, and care. This is most closely associated with which of Aristotle's modes of persuasion?

ethos Aristotle refers to those three characteristics as intelligence, character, and goodwill.

According to Aristotle, the "example" is the strongest of the logical proofs t/f

false He regarded the enthymeme as the strongest of the proofs.

Invention refers to nonverbal ways to win over an audience. t/f

false Rather, invention refers to the speaker's construction of an argument.

In her closing argument, the defense attorney argues that the prosecution has not removed reasonable doubt. Aristotle would most likely categorize her appeal as

forensic Forensic speaking argues for a just decision based on what has occurred in the past.

A university appeals committee overturns a student's parking ticket. They don't reach their decision because of the student's persuasive arguments, but rather because the university's parking guidelines clearly state that the lot in question is open after 5 PM. And the ticket was written at 5:02 PM. The committee made their decision based on which type of proof?

inartistic

Which canon of rhetoric refers most directly to how the speaker constructs an argument?

invention

Which canon of rhetoric was later added by Roman writers?

memory

Which canon of rhetoric was later added by Roman writers?

memory Griffin, Ledbetter, and Sparks note that the modern of equivalent of memory is rehearsal. -

Metaphor is most closely associated with which canon of rhetoric?

memory See the chapter for examples of metaphor used in Dr. King's "I Have a Dream" speech.

Aristotle's "golden mean" ethical approach prizes:

moderation

Yvette is trying to persuade her sister Dakota. Yvette wants Dakota to let her borrow her favorite dress. Yvette tells a heartrending tale about how she doesn't have a suitable dress, and she'll feel so lonely if she has to miss the school dance. Yvette's argument primarily uses which mode of persuasion?

pathos The essence of the pathos mode of persuasion is reliance on emotional appeals.

Aristotle was a student of

plato

Aristotle defined rhetoric as the discovery in each case of all "available means of persuasion." t/f

true

Of the three modes of persuasion, Aristotle seemed to be most skeptical of pathos. - t/f

true

The traveling speech teachers in ancient Greece were known as Sophists.

true