Chapter 23-USA in WWII

What did Charles DeGaulle say about France?

"One day, France will be free again."

From what ages were men drafted in the war?

18-45 year old men

When was Italy liberated by?

1944

Admiral Yamamotto

A Japanese Marshal Admiral of the Navy and the commander-in-chief of the Combined Fleet during World War II until his death.

Who was Admiral Yamamoto?

A Japanese Marshal Admiral of the Navy and the commander-in-chief of the Combined Fleet during World War II until his death.

General Doolittle

A Reserve officer in the United States Army Air Corps, Doolittle was recalled to active duty during World War II.

General Omar Bradley

A US general in World War II. He led the Allied forces at Normandy on D-Day in 1944 and into Germany. He then became the first Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1949 to 1953.

Casino

A costly series of four assaults by the Allies against the Winter Line in Italy held by Axis forces during the Italian Campaign of World War II.

Tehran

A meeting of British prime minister Winston Churchill, Soviet premier Joseph Stalin, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt early in February 1945 as World War II was winding down.

Guadalcanal

A military campaign fought between 7 August 1942 and 9 February 1943 on and around the island of Guadalcanal in the Pacific theater of World War II.

Midway

A naval and air battle fought in World War II in which planes from American aircraft carriers blunted the Japanese naval threat in the Pacific Ocean after Pearl Harbor.

When did FDR know that we should be getting involved?

After the Atlantic Chart Agreement with Churchill.

Admiral Halsey

An American admiral in the United States Navy during World War II. He is one of the four individuals to have attained the rank of Fleet Admiral of the United States Navy.

What is an air craft carrier?

An aircraft carrier is a ship whose primary purpose is to bring airplanes closer to distant battle areas.

Where does Stalin believe he was promised Korea?

At Potsdam

Where was the war centered around and which empire did it belong to?

Australia and British Empire

Harry Truman

Became president after FDR. He was important because he ordered the bomb launching on Japan after they refused to surrender.

What would happen if America didn't get involved in the war?

Britain will lose and then we will lose.

General Douglas MacArthur

Chief of Staff of the United States Army and played a huge role in the Pacific Theater.

Who was included in the Big 3?

Churchill, Stalin, and FDR

Who has the ability to declare war?

Congress

When was Pearl Harbor attacked?

December 7, 1941

What was the goal on the European Front?

Defeat Hitler, save Britain, and liberate France.

What was the goal on the Pacific Front?

Don't lost too much and hold on.

Many military officers in Japan were strong nationalists and believed Japan was destined to dominate where?

East Asia

What were the two european fronts?

Eastern and western

What was a big victory before the USA got into the war?

El-Aleman

Hirohito

Emperor of Japan from 1926 until his death in 1989. He was the longest-reigning monarch in Japan's history. After WWII, he could still rule Japan.

General Bernard Montgomery

English general during World War II; won victories over Rommel in North Africa and led British ground forces in the invasion of Normandy (1887-1976) 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, Sir Bernard Law Montgomery, Montgomery.

Who won the presidential elections in 1940 and 44? What was the controversy on these?

FDR won the 1940 and 1944 presidential election of the United States. He did not get us out of the depression and his military strategies did not get us out of the war. FDR was racist.

Mussolini taken out of power made it easier to?

Fight the Germans and liberate Italian people.

In the Munich Conference, Britain and France...

Gave in to Hitler's demands for the Sudetenland.

What was the Scorch Earth Policy?

Germans would not let you take their land.

How was post war Europe going to be divided(Germany)?

Germany split into four zones of Allied occupation: American, French, British, and Soviet.

What happens if we get involved in a war versus Japan?

Germany will declare a war on us.

Winston Churchill

He served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955. He was important because he was our ally in the war and he helped us with the Japanese.

Joseph Stalin

He was the dictator of Russia. He basically killed his own wife. Stalin was part of the Big 3(Britain, United States, and Russia).

What did the Simpson Doctrine say?

Hennery said "If you don't stop attacking China, we will cut off trade and freeze bank assists. Also, we will take economic stands against you."

Who was defeated and considered one of the most dangerous men of all time?

Hitler

Who was keeping Mussolini in power?

Hitler

What happened on the same day that Germans evacuate Paris?

Hitler is back in Berlin and his top field marshal has surrendered 65,000 troops to the Russians.

Admiral Nimitz

In 1939, he was appointed chief of the Bureau of Navigation of the U.S. Navy. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Nimitz was elevated to commander in chief of the Pacific Fleet. In 1944, he was promoted to fleet admiral. After WWII, he served as chief of naval operation.

Where was Hitler's body found?

In a bomb shelter in Berlin.

Why was the Lend Lease efficient?

It was a way of getting arms to Britain without Britain having to have American ships carrying them. Congress didn't want us to get involved.

Tri-Pater-Act contained what three countries?

Italy, Germany, and Japan

Yalta

Jan "45" (stalin wants hitler, he's mine, called me a barbarian, russia has lost more people than us and britain combined) Churchill told FDR Stalin couldn't do it because stalin is worse thn hitler. These talks were in secret. Churchill was an alcoholic. He woke up and had two shots. All these leaders had faults. FDR was crippled. Churchill was good to talk to in the morning. a meeting of British prime minister Winston Churchill, Soviet premier Joseph Stalin, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt early in February 1945 as World War II was winding down.

Who was the only person who voted negatively about America entering the war?

Janet Rankin because she was religious.

When does Berlin fall?

May 1945

One of the new political parties to rise during the political and economic chaos in Germany after WWI was the National Socialist German Workers' Party, also known as?

Nazi Party

What were the two fronts?

Nazis(European) and Japanese(Pacific)

Field Marshall Erwin Rommel

Nicknamed the Desert Fox. 1891-1944, German field marshal, noted for his brilliant generalship in N Africa in World War II. Later a commander in N France, he committed suicide after the officers' plot against Hitler.

Was the Japanese going to let us fight a defensive war?

No

Did the Japanese receive the American air craft carriers?

No because the air craft carriers went to Hawaii.

What countries were on the western front?

North Africa, Italy, and liberation France.

When does America actually get involved in the war?

November 1942

Where did FDR choose to fight?

On Britain's grounds.

Who had the nickname "Blood and Guts"

Patton

FDR

Political leader who served as the 32nd President of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. He knew that we needed to get involved in the war.

What countries were on the eastern front?

Russia and Eastern Europe.

What happen in August 1945?

Russia declares war on Japan.

Who entered Berlin first, Americans or Russians?

Russians and Stalin claims that all that territory belongs to Russia since "he had to do all the hard work."

General George C. Patton

Senior officer of the United States Army who commanded the U.S. Seventh Army in the Mediterranean and European theaters of World War II, but is best known for his leadership of the U.S. Third Army in France and Germany following the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944.

Prime Minister Tojo

Soldier and statesman who was prime minister of Japan (1941-44) during most of the Pacific theatre portion of World War II and who was subsequently tried and executed for war crimes.

Casablanca

Stalin is left out. They planned the Allied European strategy for the next phase of World War II. In attendance were United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill.

What is Normandy?

The American and British invasion of France in World War II; Normandy is a province of northern France. The successful invasion began a series of victories for the Allies, and Germany surrendered less than a year later.

Atlantic Conference

The Atlantic Charter provided a broad statement of U.S. and British war aims. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill. The meeting had been called in response to the geopolitical situation in Europe by mid-1941.

Stalingrad

The Germans lost in Stalingrad. It was the worst defeat of the Nazis in the war by the Russians. Land was gained.

What happened on December 6th 1941?

The Japanese ambassodor corso" clean out embase"(going home). The order goes out by the naval in DC "Send air craft carriers south (Japan moved north and east). We didn't want air craft carriers in Honolulu.

Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?

The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor because the oil embargo that America organized with the British and the Dutch was a thorn in the side for Japan, which imported 90% of its oil. Without oil, Japan's military could not function and all war efforts would end. Negotiations had been going on for months between Washington and Tokyo, without any resolution, so Japan decided to attack first.

What is Calais?

The Siege of Calais (1940) was a battle for the port and town of Calais during the Battle of France in 1940. The siege was fought at the same time as the Battle of Boulogne, just before Operation Dynamo, the evacuation of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) through Dunkirk

What is D-Day?

The day (June 6, 1944) in World War II on which Allied forces invaded northern France by means of beach landings in Normandy.

What is V.E. Day?

The day (May 8) marking the Allied victory in Europe in 1945. Germans laided down their arms.

What does the term unconditional surrender mean- Did we accomplish this in both the Pacific and European theaters of the war?

The definition of unconditional surrender is to plan the Allied European strategy for the next phase of World War II. In attendance were United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill. Yes.

Adolph Hitler

The dictator of Germany from 1934-1944. He was the ruler of the Nazi Party. The citizens of Germany elected him democratically. He is an ANTI-COMMUNIST.

Pimple Campaign

The goal was to squeeze Axis Forces (squeeze Germans off North African turf). Germans needed to split men and resources in Northern Africa.

Iwo Jima

The war in Europe is going well because the Germans are about to surrender. Volcanic island it a mountain. They put artillery in volcano. They needed to get Japanese off. It was only one more island in the way before we reach Japan.

What was the controversy with the internment camps in California?

There was a relocation of 110,000 people of Japanese ancestry living on the West Coast. 40% of the Japanese were "resident aliens". This action proved FDR to be racist.

What did the Japanese do at Pearl Harbor?

They destroyed all our battleships, killed hundreds of lives, sunk our USS Arizona, and crippled our navy at Pearl Harbor.

In the summer of 1941, who did the Germans fight?

They fought the Russians(operation barrabus)

What was the Japanese doing during this conference?

They had a supreme fleet alboboto moving towards the center pacific.

Why did the Japanese call for a conference?

They wanted to get things straightened out.

Coral Sea

This four-day World War II skirmish in May 1942 marked the first air-sea battle in history. The Japanese were seeking to control the Coral Sea with an invasion of Port Moresby in southeast New Guinea, but their plans were intercepted by Allied forces.

Okinawa

This four-day World War II skirmish in May 1942 marked the first air-sea battle in history. The Japanese were seeking to control the Coral Sea with an invasion of Port Moresby in southeast New Guinea, but their plans were intercepted by Allied forces.

Potsdam

Truman starts the Cold War because he told Stalin that he was bad. "I don't like you and you're full of it." Negotiated terms for the end of World War II.

Who was with us against Japan?

USA, Britain, and China

General Dwight Eisenhower

United States general who supervised the invasion of Normandy and the defeat of Nazi Germany; 34th President of the United States (1890-1961) a general officer of the highest rank.

What is V.J. Day?

Victory in Japan

What did the Amphibious Operation entail?

Water, air, and land battle.

Why did the Japanese attack us?

We can defeat Germany.

What is the significance of Pearl Harbor?

We declared war, and Japan did the first shot. Two days later, Hitler declares war. We can liberate France.

What U.S. actions prior to 12/7/41 against Japan makes many historians feel that we forced Japan to attack?

We made Japan fight us because if Japan attacked us, then we can step in and fight the Germans.

What was the purpose of the Italian Campaign?

We needed to get Mussolini out of the war.

How was the war won on the homefront?

We won and our infrastructure was not really damaged, aside from Pearl Harbor.

In a Secret Agreement, did Churchill and FDR agree to Russia taking the land?

Yes

Are Italian generals arrested?

Yes and they were arrested from Hitler?

Did the United States know that a Japanese ship was moving?

Yes because naval intelligence informed us.

Anzio

a battle of the Italian Campaign of World War II that took place from January 22, 1944 (beginning with the Allied amphibious landing known as Operation Shingle) to June 5, 1944 (ending with the capture of Rome). The operation was opposed by German forces in the area of Anzio and Nettuno.

Leyte Gulf

crippled the Japanese Combined Fleet, permitted U.S. invasion of the Philippines, and reinforced the Allies' control of the Pacific. ... U.S. troops landing on Leyte island in the Philippines during World War II. Retake Manilla . Greatest Naval Battle ever!! The Japanese know how important the Philippines are to the US. Halsey cripple the Japanese fleet. The Japanese was wounded. We moved from the Southern Hemisphere to the equator.

Operation Overlord

the codename for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied operation that launched the successful invasion of German-occupied Western Europe during World War II. The operation launched on 6 June 1944 with the Normandy landings (Operation Neptune, commonly known as D-Day).

Battle Bulge

through argon forest between Belgium and France. Blitz Creed is working again. Our troops are retreating towards Paris again. The planes stopped rolling and the tanks stopped working because they ran out of fuel. They did not have enough supplies to finish the war. The best thing was the Jewish scientists working on atomic bombs. The scientists that we working on it were Jewish and they knew what was going on with their families. He did not get the bomb because they did not make it. V1 and V2 rocket project. Last German offense of the war. Recapture Paris