Chapter 24 Digestive System
function of pharynx
Breathing, swallowing, and protection
Which of the following would occur in an individual if they had their stomach removed?
Difficulty absorbing vitamin B12
True of False In the cephalic phase of gastric regulation action potentials are sent from the medulla oblongata along parasympathetic neurons within the glossopharyngeal nerves to the stomach.
False
True of False Most of the nervous control of the digestive tract is local, but what is under general control is mediated mainly by the sympathetic division of the ANS.
False
Function of oral cavity
Ingestion, mastication, and digestion
Which of the following inhibits the secretion of the gastric glands?
Low pH in the duodenum
Function of small intestine
Neutralization, digestion, and excretion
Function of Bicarbonate ions
Neutralizes acid
Function of esophagus
Propulsion and protection
function of large intestine
Storage, absorption, and elimination
Function of stomach
Storage, digestion, and absorption
What is ascites?
The excess accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
True or False Normally three or four times a day, the transverse and descending colon undergo several strong contractions called mass movements.
True
True or False The enteric nervous system is an extensive network of the submucosal and myenteric plexuses within the walls of the digestive tract.
True
The __________ cells of the mucosa have microvilli and digestive enzymes on their surface.
absorptive
The pancreatic islets
are endocrine in function.
If the cystic duct was blocked by a gallstone,
bile would not be able to pass from the gallbladder to the small intestine.
Shortly after a meal, the gallbladder contracts in response to stimulation by ________
cholecystokinin
function of pancreatic lipase
digest lipids
function of pancreatic amylase
digests carbohydrates
Function of trypsin
digests protein
Chylomicrons move out of intestinal epithelial cells by ____
exocytosis
Which of the following is not a major function of the liver?
filtering the blood
Mass movements in the colon are stimulated by
food in the stomach and chyme in the duodenum.
The _____________ phase of gastric regulation is initiated when acidic chyme enters the duodenum and stimulates the secretion of hormones and local reflexes that inhibit gastric activity.
intestinal
Abdominal organs that lie against the body wall and have no mesenteries are said to be __________
retroperitoneal
The oral cavity secretes _________, which neutralizes bacterial acids, flushes bacteria from the oral cavity, and has weak antibacterial activity.
serous saliva
Segmental contractions are mixing contractions that occur predominantly in the _________
small intestine