Chapter 24

Identify the letter that indicates the afferent arteriole.

D

Identify the letter that indicates an expanded portion of the ureter.

E

Identify the letter that indicates the major calyx.

E

Pyelography is kinking of the ureter. failure of the embryonic kidney to ascend. a type of X-ray procedure (radiology). a way to cure kidney stones.

a type of X-ray procedure (radiology).

Which gland sits atop each kidney? interlobar gland pancreas pituitary adrenal

adrenal

Blood vessel that contains granular cells involved in blood pressure regulation. afferent arteriole segmental artery macula densa extraglomerular mesangial efferent arteriole

afferent arteriole

The external urethral sphincter is located at the external urethral orifice. at the urogenital diaphragm. at the ureteral orifice. at the junction of the bladder wall and urethra.

at the urogenital diaphragm.

Identify the letter that indicates blood vessels covered by podocytes.

c

The most superficial layer of the kidney is the cortex. medulla. renal papilla. renal pyramids.

cortex

Arteries that branch to form the afferent arterioles to the glomeruli are arcuate arteries. segmental arteries. cortical radiate arteries. interlobar arteries.

cortical radiate arteries.

Which segment of the nephron has a simple squamous epithelium? ascending limb of the nephron loop descending limb of the nephron loop proximal convoluted tubule distal convoluted tubule

descending limb of the nephron loop

15% of nephrons are described by this term that relates to their location in the kidney. extrinsic juxtamedullary medullary trabecular cortical

juxtamedullary

The ureters develop from the cloaca. a duct that branches from the mesonephric duct. -the urogenital sinus. pronephric nephrons.

maybe the cloaca.

Which of the following is not usually associated with the formation of renal calculi? bacterial infection dehydration polyurea increased intake of calcium

polyurea

When Melinda was asked to identify a "mystery" slide on a histology test, she immediately identified it as renal cortex because of the presence of scattered renal papillae. renal corpuscles. thin segments. vasa recta.

renal corpuscles.

In the juxtaglomerular apparatus, the macula densa belongs to the glomerulus. visceral layer of the glomerular capsule (podocytes). efferent arteriole. terminal nephron loop.

terminal nephron loop.

The epithelium lining the urinary bladder that permits distension is ___________________________ epithelium. simple squamous pseudostratified columnar stratified squamous transitional

transitional

How much of the fluid filtered by the kidney actually becomes urine? 99% 1% 50% 10%

1%

Which of the following statements about the urinary bladder is false? Two ureteral openings and the internal urethral orifice bound the trigone of the bladder. In females, the bladder lies posterior to the uterus but anterior to the rectum. When empty, the bladder lies inferior to the abdominal cavity. The ureters attach to the bladder through oblique posterolateral orifices.

In females, the bladder lies posterior to the uterus but anterior to the rectum.

Identify the letter that indicates the vasa recta.

E

In the micturition reflex, the detrusor muscle is stimulated to contract by parasympathetic fibers. sphincter neurons from the brain. visceral sensory fibers from the vagus. sympathetic fibers.

parasympathetic fibers.

During a dissection, Arnie saw the ureters entering the lateral corners of the bladder but found the internal openings of the ureters in the trigone near the midline of the bladder. His observation necessarily means that: the ureters run medially for some distance within the posterior bladder wall. the ureters and urethra are really the same tube. this bladder had a congenital defect. each ureter must have four distinct openings into the bladder.

the ureters run medially for some distance within the posterior bladder wall.