Chapter 25: The Fetal Face & Neck
an abnormal accumulation of lymphatic fluid within the soft tissue
A cystic hygroma is the result of:
Cystic hygroma
A large, mostly cystic mass containing a thick, midline septation is noted in the cervical spine region of a fetus. This most likely represents a(n):
Hypotelorism
A reduction in the distance between the orbits is referred to as:
micrognathia
A small mandible is termed:
cystic hygroma
All of the following are sonographic features of holoprosencephaly except:
Cleft lip
An abnormal division in the lip is referred to as:
Trisomy 21
An absent or hypoplastic nasal bone is most likely associated with:
hypertelorism
An increase distance between the orbits is referred to as:
trisomy 21
An increased nuchal fold is most likely associated with:
Epignathus
An oral teratoma is referred to as:
cavum septum pellucidum
At what level is the nuchal fold measurement obtained?
Cebocephaly
Close-set eyes and a nose with a single nostril is termed:
Holoprosencephaly
Facial anomalies, when discovered, should prompt the sonographer to analyze the brain closely for signs of:
cyclopia
Fusion of the orbits is termed:
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Macroglossia is most commonly found with:
Trisomy 18
Micrognathia is a condition found in:
down syndrome
Nuchal thickening is most commonly associated with:
Anophthalmia
The absence of the eyes is termed:
ethmocephaly
The condition in which there is no nose and a proboscis separating two close-set orbits is:
8 weeks
The fetal lip typically closes by:
Bechwith-Wiedemann syndrome
The growth disorder syndrome synonymous with organ, skull, and tongue enlargement is:
Fetal goiter
The isolated enlargement of the fetal thyroid is referred to as:
Binocular diameter
The measurement obtained between the lateral walls of the orbits is referred to as the:
Anterior cephalocele
The most common cause of hypertelorism is:
Neck
The most common location of a cystic hygroma is within the:
trisomy 13
The most frequently encountered chromosomal abnormality associated with holoprosencephaly is:
Between 15 weeks and 21 weeks
The nuchal fold measurement is typically obtained:
sagittal
The optimal scan plane to visualize micrognathia is:
6 mm
The thickness of the nuchal fold in the second trimester should not exceed:
down syndrome
There is a definite link between microtia and what syndrome?
Microtia
What is the term for a smaller than normal ear?
Epignathus
Which of the following conditions does not affect the orbits?
Brachial cleft cyst
Which of the following is a benign congenital neck cysts found most often near the angle of the mandible?
Trisomy 13 (Patau Syndrome)
Which of the following is also referred to as Patau syndrome?
down syndrome
Which of the following is also referred to as:
Monosomy x
Which of the following may also be referred to as Turner syndrome?
isolated cleft palate
Which of the following would be most difficult to detect sonographically?
turner syndrome
Which of the following would most likely involve the development of a cystic hygroma?
macroglossia
an unusual protuberance of the tongue is termed:
amniotic band syndrome
group of abnormalities associated with the entrapment of fetal parts and fetal amputations is:
