Chapter 26
Factors that increase the glomerular filtration rate include
fluid volume excess
The primary selectivity barrier for glomerular filtration is the
glomerular basement membrane
Which finding on urinalysis should prompt further evaluation?
White blood cells 20 per high-power field
Serious renal impairment generally does not occur until ____ of the total nephrons have been damaged
80%
Hormones that increase sodium reabsorption from the tubular fluid include
aldosterone, angiotensin II
The underlying mechanism which directly results in glycosuria is
exceeding the threshold for glucose reabsorption
The main driving force for glomerular filtration is
hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillaries
Renin is released from
juxtaglomerular cells
The glucose transporter in the proximal tubule
may be saturated at high filtered glucose loads.
Serum creatinine may be increased by
muscle breakdown
It is true that glucose reabsorption in the tubules
occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule
The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level is affected by
protein intake, fluid intake, catabolism, renal function
An important sign of glomerular basement membrane dysfunction is
proteinuria
Approximately two-thirds of the water and electrolytes filtered by the kidney are reabsorbed by the
proximal tubule
The primary function of the vasa recta is to
reabsorb interstitial fluid.
Excess potassium is excreted from the body by the renal system primarily
secretion based on aldosterone level
The glomerular filtration rate is most accurately reflected in the
serum creatinine level