Chapter 26 Ancient Greece

How did the king rule? The many jobs were...?

* At 1st, he was chosen by city state, then kings decided that eldest son would become king after other king died *make laws Jobs- *judges, led religious ceremonies and armies, punishes ppl who X pay taxes *had aristocrats to advise him

What led to the downfall of tyranny? How does this hint to the next stage of leadership??

* Hippias was last tyrant * Hippias ruled well with Hipparchus *Two enemies of the brothers murdered Hipparchus -after this, Hippias ruled harsher ~paid spies to see those who criticized him *rule became worse *the people drove him out *this leads to a people led government

Not all Greeks thought democracy was a good idea because...

* Powerful speakers= persuaded ordinary citizens to vote unwisely. *Sometimes assembly reversed important decisions after few weeks WOW- *Problems like these led most city-states to return to earlier forms of government, such as dictatorships and oligarchies. *significant gift from Greece to modern day

Democracy- How did the people rule?? Facts about them/way they rule...

*different than today-- was a direct democracy * every citizen is allowed to vote on every issue *US is a representative democracy *Athens had an assembly/law making group *free men could speak in this assembly ***voted on a possible new law/proposal to go to war **Free men also ran the city's day-to-day business.

How did tyrants rule?? Facts about them...

*doesn't have right to rule *no legal limits *tyrant's son doesn't inherit power *Though they control by force, they were popular *Some promised people more rights *Many tyrants were good leaders (helped poor) -canceled debts to struggling farmers -hostile to aristocrats- take away land sometimes *some weren't good to the ppl

What led to the downfall of oligarchy? How does this hint to the next stage of leadership??

*poor thought the way they ruled was unfair-- poor worked long hours in field: oligarchs had it easy *ignored the poor *favored rich *rich became richer, poor became poorer *passed unfair laws- "farmers who were unable to pay their debts to sell themselves into slavery" and used armies to enforce these laws *poor turned to other leaders usually in army *w/ the help of the people, the army leaders used soldiers to end oligarchy

How did oligarchs rule?? Facts about them...

*wealthy merchants *comfortable lives *hunting, chariot races, parties *entertainment- music, dance acrobats *ignored poor

Tyranny--- How many ppl make political decisions? Usually called a _____?

1 person who is not a lawful king___Tyrant/dictator

Monarchy-- How many ppl make political decisions? Usually called a _____?

1 person_King

What led to downfall of monarchy? How does this hint to the next stage of leadership??

1st, aristocrats had little power, and they realized that all of them together are stronger than the king. Then they changed the system-- election, limited years Eventually, they overthrew the king, which lead to oligarchy as the most oligarchs were aristocrats.

About when did most Greek city-states have monarchy?

2000-800 BCE

About when did most Greek city-states have democracy?

500 BCE +

About when did most Greek city-states have oligarchy?

800-650 BCE

Democracy--- How many ppl make political decisions? Usually called _____?

All ppl___ Citizens

Summary of Democracy

Democracy: All Citizens Share Power The people of Athens were the first Greeks to develop a form of democracy, known as a direct democracy, in which every citizen was allowed to vote on every issue.

About when did most Greek city-states have tyranny?

Mid-600's (650ish)- 500 BCE

Summary of Monarchy

Monarchy: One Person Inherits Power Most Greek city-states were monarchies until about 800 B.C.E. In a monarchy, one person, usually a king, holds the power. Ancient Greek kings had councils of aristocrats to help them rule.

Summary of Oligarchy

Oligarchy: A Few People Share Power Between about 800 and 650 B.C.E., most Greek city-states were ruled by oligarchies, in which power is held by a few people. Most oligarchs were wealthy aristocrats who ignored the needs of poor people. The poor eventually turned to leaders who promised to improve their lives.

Oligarchy-- How many ppl make political decisions? Usually called _____?

Small group of wealthy men__ Oligarchs

Summary of Tyranny

Tyranny: One Person Takes Power by Force From the mid-600s to about 500 B.C.E., many Greek city-states were ruled by tyrants. Tyranny is a form of government in which a person who is not a lawful king holds the power.