Chapter 26: Growth and Development of the School-Aged Child: 6 to 10 Years

Typical development for the school-aged child includes playing games with friends. At what age are children typically ready for games that include playing on a team that has a winner or loser? 5 years 7 years 10 years 13 years

10 years

The mother and her 8-year-old daughter come to the clinic for a well-child visit. The mother asks the nurse, "About how much sleep should my daughter be getting?" The nurse responds by saying: 10-12 hours. 6-8 hours. 8-10 hours. 12-14 hours.

10-12 hours.

The family who are vegetarian voice concern that their child is not growing well. The nurse should suggest which food to increase the calcium intake for adequate bone growth? oatmeal kale quinoa sweet potato

kale

An 11-year-old female child is at the pediatrician's office for a well-child check-up. Which health screening would the nurse anticipate that the child would undergo today? a gynecologic exam an EKG scoliosis screening collection of a sterile urine sample

scoliosis screening

The nurse is performing a physical assessment of an 11-year-old boy. The nurse notes that during last year's checkup the child weighed 80 lb (36.3 kg). Which assessment finding at this year's check-up is most concerning? body mass index (BMI) 20 weight 85 lb (38.6 kg) weight in the 5th percentile

weight in the 5th percentile

A hospitalized 7-year-old is recovering from a head injury. Occupational therapy has been ordered to assist the child in regaining eye/hand coordination. If the child cannot master this skill, what feelings may arise? A sense of mistrust A sense of doubt A feeling of inferiority A sense of shame

A feeling of inferiority

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 10-year-old client. Which nursing action is most appropriate? Consistently reinforce the child's self-worth. Discourage the child from assisting with dressing change. Correct each of the child's mistakes to ensure learning. Structure a competitive environment between clients.

Consistently reinforce the child's self-worth.

A group of 10-year-old girls have formed a "girls only" club. It is only open to girls who still like to play with dolls. How should this behavior be interpreted? poor peer relationships encouragement for bullying and sexism appropriate social development immaturity for this age group

appropriate social development

During a routine wellness examination, the nurse is trying to determine how well a 5-year-old boy communicates and comprehends instructions. What is the best specific trigger question to determine the preschooler's linguistic and cognitive progress? "Does your son speak in complete sentences all the time?" "How well does your son communicate or follow instructions?" "Is your son's speech clear enough that anyone can understand it?" "Would you say your son has a vocabulary of about 900 words?"

"How well does your son communicate or follow instructions?"

The school nurse is the guest speaker in a classroom of fourth-grade children. They are discussing eating habits and the number of servings from each of the food groups that is appropriate for the school-age child. Which statement made by the children best indicates an appropriate intake of one of the food groups for this age child? "I drink three big glasses of milk each day." "I love fruit so every day I eat the half of orange my mom puts in my lunch." "My dad doesn't like bread so I get my grain in the morning when I eat a bowl of cereal." "My grandma cooks for us and she lets me eat two chicken breasts for supper."

"I drink three big glasses of milk each day."

During a health history assessment, the mother of a 10-year-old girl tells you that her daughter does not have time to "play" because she is busy going to gymnastics, cheerleading, art class, flute lessons, reading club, and soccer. What should the nurse's response be? "Wow, that is a lot of stuff for a girl her age." "Play helps children to develop cognitively, socially, physically, and emotionally." "It is understandable not playing any more with all these other activities." "All of these other activities teach you as much as traditional play."

"Play helps children to develop cognitively, socially, physically, and emotionally."

The nurse is conducting a required wellness examination for a 5-year-old girl who is starting kindergarten in a few months. Her mother confides that she thinks her daughter, who is the baby of the family, is not quite ready for kindergarten. How should the nurse respond? "What worries you the most about her readiness?" "She has older siblings. She will be just fine." "Do you think that maybe you are not ready to let her go?" "Let's conduct a Denver Developmental exam to see if she is ready."

"What worries you the most about her readiness?"

A parent brings a 6-year-old to the clinic and informs the nurse that the child is tired all the time, even though the child sleeps 7 to 8 hours each night. What is the best response by the nurse? "We should ask the health care provider to run some tests; with that much sleep, the child should not be tired." "Your child should be getting at least 9 hours of sleep per night." "Your child should be getting 11 to 12 hours of sleep per night with some quiet time after school." "Your child should be getting 8 to 9 hours of sleep per night."

"Your child should be getting 11 to 12 hours of sleep per night with some quiet time after school."

A nurse is obtaining a weight on a 7-year-old who weighed 8 pounds (3632 g) at birth. How much does the nurse anticipate that he should weigh now? 42 pounds (19 kg) 84 pounds (38.1 kg) 62 pounds (28.2 kg) 56 pounds (25.5 kg)

56 pounds (25.5 kg)

The nurse is providing care for an 11-year-old child with a body mass index (BMI) above the 95th percentile. What is an appropriate first nursing action when providing care for this child and the family? Assess family readiness for change. Emphasize long-term permanent changes. Encourage a low-fat, low-cholesterol, reduced-sugar diet. Involve the entire family in the plan of care.

Assess family readiness for change.

When providing anticipatory guidance to a group of parents with school-aged children, what would the nurse describe as the most important aspect of social interaction? School Peer relationships Family Temperament

Peer relationships

The nurse is conducting a support group for parents of 9- and 10-year-olds. The parents express concern about the amount of time their children want to spend with friends outside the home. What should the nurse teach the parents that peer groups provide? time to remain dependent on their parents an opportunity for children to become self sufficient a sense of security as children gain independence time to establish relationships with the opposite sex

a sense of security as children gain independence

The school-age child develops the ability to recognize that if a block of clay is in a round ball and then is flattened, the shape changes but not the amount of clay. What understanding has this child developed? conservation decentration classification reversibility

conservation

What physiological changes would the nurse expect to address in a 10-year-old child? Select all that apply. eruption of permanent teeth pulse rate 70 to 80 bpm blood pressure 98/56 mm Hg 20/20 vision decreased immune globulins

eruption of permanent teeth pulse rate 70 to 80 bpm 20/20 vision

The Boy Scouts is an organization that continues to be a favorite with school-aged boys because: fathers participate in Boy Scouts. no girls are included in the organization. merit badges require completing small tasks for rewards. hiking is a favorite school-aged activity.

merit badges require completing small tasks for rewards.

A mother calls the pediatric nurse practitioner about her 7-year-old daughter's dental hygiene. The daughter has had three cavities. She does not know what to do and asks the nurse for guidance. How should the nurse respond? "Are you able to supervise her brushing?" "Did you teach her how to brush her teeth?" "What type of toothbrush does she use?" "Is there fluoride toothpaste available for her use?"

"Are you able to supervise her brushing?"

The nurse is teaching a group of school-aged children about physical development. Which statement made by one of the children indicates the correct understanding of the teaching? "There are not many physical differences between school-aged boys and girls." "Menarche is usually the first sign of puberty in school-aged girls." "Boys normally grow an average of 5 in (12.5 cm) each year." "Girls typically experience a rapid growth spurt before boys."

"Girls typically experience a rapid growth spurt before boys."

The nurse is teaching a group of school-age children about physical development. Which statement made by one of the children indicates the correct understanding of the teaching? "There are not many physical differences among school age boys." "I will appear heavier due to an increase in fat production." "I will grow an average of 2.5 in (6.5 cm) per year." "I will have improved gross motor skills."

"I will grow an average of 2.5 in (6.5 cm) per year."

The nurse is collecting data on a 7-year-old child who weighed 7 lb 2 oz (3.2 kg) at birth. If the child is following a normal pattern of weight gain, the nurse would anticipate the child would weigh approximately: 50 pounds. 60 pounds. 70 pounds. 80 pounds.

50 pounds.

A nurse is caring for a hospitalized 7-year-old child whose family members have been unable to visit for 2 days. The nurse is preparing a diversional activity for the child. Which activity would best be suited for a child in this age group? A paint-by-numbers activity creating a picture An activity focusing on learning fractions A card game such as solitaire A board game such as monopoly

A paint-by-numbers activity creating a picture

What foods could a parent provide that would be the most beneficial to support healthy dentition for a school-aged child? Fish, spinach salad and a glass of milk Hamburger and a cherry Coke Chicken sandwich with pretzels and apple juice Bagels and cream cheese with sherbet

Fish, spinach salad and a glass of milk

What teaching points would a nurse provide for families of school-aged children to help prevent substance abuse? Select all that apply. Give the child "what if" examples to situations they may face. Set firm rules regarding alcohol and other drug usage and discuss consequences associated with breaking the rules. Explain that what you do has nothing to do with what your expectations are for them since you are an adult. Threaten the child if they get caught using alcohol or other drugs including tobacco. Encourage decision-making and discuss family values.

Give the child "what if" examples to situations they may face. Set firm rules regarding alcohol and other drug usage and discuss consequences associated with breaking the rules. Encourage decision-making and discuss family values.

A nurse is caring for a hospitalized 6-year-old with pneumonia. The child frequently requests peanut butter crackers during the day and evening hours. What does the nurse understand about food intake for children of this age group? Many children like peanut butter crackers and no other foods. This child may have an underlying gastrointestinal disorder, because children of this age will eat anything. The parents are not feeding the child appropriately at home. Increased appetite and a tendency to go on "food jags" are typical.

Increased appetite and a tendency to go on "food jags" are typical.

An 8-year-old boy who says he wants to be a doctor when he grows up pleads with the nurse to let him put on his own band-aid after receiving an injection. The nurse agrees and watches as the boy very carefully lines the band-aid up with the mark left by the injection and applies it to his skin. Then he asks, "Did I do it right?" and waits eagerly for the nurse's feedback. The nurse recognizes in this situation the boy's attempt to master the primary developmental step of school age. What is that step? Industry Perfectionism Accommodation Conservation

Industry

The mother of a school-age child is distraught because the child has been diagnosed with obesity. What actions should the nurse suggest to the mother to help the child with this problem? Select all that apply. Explain that obesity will lead to an early death. Maintain a balanced eating approach in the home. Purchase books explaining the latest ways to lose weight. Seek out a preteen weight loss group for the child to participate in. Encourage increased activity such as walking the dog after school.

Maintain a balanced eating approach in the home. Seek out a preteen weight loss group for the child to participate in. Encourage increased activity such as walking the dog after school.

The mother of a 10-year-old daughter is concerned that her child is becoming overweight. Her weight plots in the 95th percentile in the growth chart. Which action would the nurse recommend to the mother to address her concerns? Place the child on a diet, eliminating all sweets and snacks. Remind the child daily that she needs to watch what she eats. Offer to go walking every day after school with her for 30 minutes. Limit daily fat intake to 40% of the total calories for the day.

Offer to go walking every day after school with her for 30 minutes.

A nurse is caring for a hospitalized 10-year-old child. What would be an appropriate activity for this child to meet the developmental tasks of this age group? Participating in a craft project Playing with a jack-in-the-box Playing with blocks Writing letters to friends

Participating in a craft project

The nurse is caring for a 9-year-old client in the hospital. Which project should the nurse provide to help this child achieve the developmental task of industry? Sew a purse that will take one afternoon. Watch favorite programs on the television. Design a puppet show that will take 2 weeks to plan. Work on a scrapbook that will take 3 weeks to complete.

Sew a purse that will take one afternoon.

During a well-child checkup, the nurse observes and interacts with a 7-year-old child and parent. Which behavior by the child would the nurse note as not age-appropriate for this child? The child asks the parent to wait in the waiting room rather than accompany the child. The child explains to the nurse the way the parent assesses for a temperature. The child shows empathy when the parent injures a finger in the waiting room. The child asks questions about the various medical equipment observed in the clinic room.

The child asks the parent to wait in the waiting room rather than accompany the child.

The developmental task of the school-aged period, according to Erikson, is gaining a sense of: autonomy versus shame. independence versus dependence. industry versus inferiority. identity versus failure.

industry versus inferiority.

A mother tells the nurse she is having difficulty getting her 6-year-old to do chores. Based on the child's developmental level, what activity would be best for the nurse to recommend to the mother? vacuuming putting books on shelf raking leaves folding clothes

putting books on shelf

The nurse is reviewing the medical record for a child who is being seen for concerns about school attendance. The health care provider has noted the child has "school phobia." What behavior(s) may be noted in a child experiencing this phenomenon? Select all that apply. reports of fear during the time school is attended demonstrates negative behaviors before school chronically late for school or school activities reports feeling academically bored at school periods of bed-wetting and soiling during the week

reports of fear during the time school is attended demonstrates negative behaviors before school chronically late for school or school activities

During an annual visit of a 6-year-old boy, the nurse observes dental caries on two of the child's primary teeth. Which response by the parents suggests more education is needed regarding the importance of primary teeth? "These are only his baby teeth so we are not worried." "I guess we better look for a pediatric dentist for our son." "I guess we will need to supervise our son while he brushes." "I see now we need to use a fluoride toothpaste for our child."

"These are only his baby teeth so we are not worried."

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 9-year-old girl about the socialization that is occurring in their child through school contacts. Which information would the nurse include in her teaching plan? Teachers are the most influential people in the development of the school-age child's social network. Continuous peer relationships provide the most important social interaction for school-age children. Parents should establish norms and standards that signify acceptance or rejection. A characteristic of school-age children is their formation of groups with no rules and values involved.

Continuous peer relationships provide the most important social interaction for school-age children.

A mother states that her 6-year-old has starting biting nails and regressing to baby talk since beginning school. What instructions are best for the nurse to give the mother regarding this behavior? Make time each day to spend with the child individually. Apply a nail biting product to the nails to deter biting. Get a description of the classroom behavior from the teacher. Remind the child to stop each time the behavior is witnessed.

Make time each day to spend with the child individually.

The nurse is preparing a presentation for a local parent-teacher organization about the growth and development of school-age children. Which of the following would the nurse include? Boys mature much more quickly than girls of the same age during this time. From 6 to 12 years of age, children grow an average of 4 inches per year. The child's body size is in direct correlation with his or her maturity level. Secondary sex characteristics are often embarrassing for both sexes.

Secondary sex characteristics are often embarrassing for both sexes.

A mother is concerned that a 7-year-old child has taken money from a sibling's dresser several times. What should the nurse advise the mother about this behavior? The child needs to be reminded of property rights. Stealing is unusual for a 7-year-old and needs to be investigated. The mother should purchase a bank for the other child that cannot be opened. The mother should talk to the child's teacher about putting less pressure on the child.

The child needs to be reminded of property rights.

The nurse is caring for a 9-year-old who belongs to a spite club. The chief characteristics of a 9-year-old spite club are: they have a secret word; they exclude someone. they have a president and collect dues. members enjoy completing charity projects. the members whisper a lot; there are strict rules.

they have a secret word; they exclude someone.

An overly tired school-aged child enters the school clinic. The nurse asks the child to state the times he/she usually goes to bed at night and wakes up in the morning. The child answers 11:00 PM and 6:00 AM. Which is the best response made by the nurse? "That should be enough sleep. Let's talk about your eating habits." "Why do you go to bed so late at night?" "That is not enough sleep. You should get at least 9 to 12 hours of sleep each night." "Do your parents always let you stay up so late at night?"

"That is not enough sleep. You should get at least 9 to 12 hours of sleep each night."

The nurse is caring for a school-aged child in the primary care setting. The parent of the child asks how often the child should see the dentist. Which is the best response made by the nurse? "The child should see a dentist twice a year." "The child should see a dentist once a year." "The child should see a dentist when adult teeth erupt." "The child should see a dentist only when a problem is encountered."

"The child should see a dentist twice a year."

The nurse is talking with a mother who is concerned that a school-age child is experiencing stress and has been biting the fingernails since beginning the first grade. What should the nurse advise the mother to do about this problem? Encourage the child to drink more milk for stronger nails. Allow the child to choose a reward for not biting the nails. Distract the child by teaching a new skill such as whistling. Allow some time every day for the child to talk about new experiences.

Allow some time every day for the child to talk about new experiences.

An 8-year-old male child is being seen for a well-child visit. His weight at his visit last year was 50 lb (22.7 kg) and his height was 47 in (119 cm). If he is developing normally, which finding will the nurse expect to note this year? Weight 62 lb (28.1 kg) Height 49.5 in (124 cm) The child's weight is seven times his birth weight. The child has all of his adult teeth present.

Height 49.5 in (124 cm)

A nurse in the clinic observes a school-age child pushing another child. The parent is watching without disciplining the child and tells the nurse, "He just does what he wants to and doesn't listen to anything I say." What can the nurse inform that parent about the development of self-confidence in the child? Select all that apply. The child needs consistent rules to develop self-confidence. The child needs to be able to do what he wants to develop self-confidence. The child needs positive attention to develop self-confidence. The child needs clear expectations to develop self-confidence. The child needs to make his own decisions about behavior to develop self-confidence.

The child needs consistent rules to develop self-confidence. The child needs positive attention to develop self-confidence. The child needs clear expectations to develop self-confidence.

A 9-year-old boy is admitted into the hospital with a broken femur. What is important for the nurse to consider when caring for this child? Children this age are not old enough yet to worry about their body image and how they look to their friends. If a child's behavior regresses, it should be accepted because the parents cannot help but feel guilty when their child is hospitalized. Some questions children ask cannot be answered truthfully without increasing their anxiety; therefore, those questions should be deferred to their parents. The child should be prepared for procedures and should be allowed to view and handle equipment that is going to be used when appropriate.

The child should be prepared for procedures and should be allowed to view and handle equipment that is going to be used when appropriate.

The nurse caring for a hospitalized 8-year-old child recognizes that the child has developed an understanding of reversibility. Which of the following relates to the development of this understanding? The child understands that their illness is probably only temporary. The child understands that their caregiver will visit and then will be going home. The child understands that procedures may take a long time to complete. The child understands the long-term effects of home care and treatments.

The child understands that their illness is probably only temporary.

A nurse is working with a family that has two children who were identified as overweight based on screening. Which of the following strategies would be important for the nurse to include in assisting the family? Select all that apply. encouraging moderate exercise for 60 minutes/day emphasizing that the family not skip meals involving the entire family in the program focusing on rapid weight loss regimens using food as a punishment

encouraging moderate exercise for 60 minutes/day emphasizing that the family not skip meals involving the entire family in the program

A 9-year-old girl tells the nurse about belonging to a spite club. How does belonging to this group support the child's development? fulfills peer group needs teaches the child leadership skills helps the child develop autonomy encourages the child to learn rules

fulfills peer group needs