Chapter 3

In the industry, what does the phrase "to glove" a voltage mean? (Pg. 132)

-"To wear rubber gloves when working on lines and equipment" with that voltage. -The gloves must be of a class that exceeds the maximum phase-to-phase voltage line.

What are the two types of rubber used for protective gloves and equipment? (Pg. 134)

-Type 1 is not ozone (sunlight) resistant -Type 2 is ozone resistant

What is a Link Stick used for? (Pg. 124, Figure 3.7)

-Typically short, and provide insulation when using ropes, blocks, and other strap hoists.

What are Standard temporary jumpers? (Pg. 130)

-Usually insulated for primary voltages of 15kV, 25kV, and 35kV. -Available with a conductor size ranging from #2 copper to 4/0 copper.

At what voltages should rubber gloves be used? (Pg. 132)

-When circuits are energized to 50 volts or more, and anytime there is an electric potential.

When should line hose and covers be tested? (Pg. 140)

-When inspection raises doubt about their condition.

When does most damage to plastic equipment occur? (Pg. 143)

-When tools and equipment are thrown on top of it in a truck bed or trailer.

What are conductor pulling grips? (Pg. 126, Figure 3.16)

-Wire grips for live-line use, not spring loaded. -Usually have a ring or bracket so they can be installed or removed using live-line tools.

When are Rubber sleeves used? (Pg. 132)

-With rubber gloves to protect a lineworker's arms from electrical contact.

What is a Shotgun stick? (Pg. 123)

-Also called grip-all or hot stick, has an easy-to-control gripping finger on the hot end of the stick. -Used for a variety of tasks, including installing ground clamps.

Most companies require the use of rubber sleeves, _________________________. (Pg. 132)

-Regardless of the exemption.

Always wear leather protectors over ________________. (Pg. 133)

-Rubber gloves

What is a Line Hose? (Pg. 138)

-A covering for overhead conductors, jumpers, and guy-wires. -Originally made of rubber hose. -Comes in lengths of 3-6ft, diameters of 1, 2, or 2.5", and multiple different styles.

What Hot stick attachments are used for replacing insulators? (Pg. 125, Figure 3.14)

-Adjustable insulator fork -Pin puller -Cotter key installer -Cotter key remover

What are the two tests that rubber gloves must go through? (Pg. 136)

-Air testing -Electrical Testing

How often must rubber blankets be tested? (Pg. 140)

-Annually or once a year

When should crossarm guards be applied? (Pg. 142)

-Anytime contact with the crossarm is possible, such as when tying or untying conductors from insulators. -When rubber gloving or hot sticking, use crossarm guards to eliminate a second point of contact with a potentially conductive object.

When should rubber gloves be used? (Pg. 132)

-Anytime there is an electrical potential.

Why should a lineman not leave temporary jumpers on the line for longer than needed? (Pg. 131)

-Because the insulation will deteriorate.

When should rubber gloves should be visually examined and air tested? (Pg. 135)

-Before each use

When does OSHA require that rubber sleeves be tested? (Pg. 136)

-Before the first issue and every 12 months after. -Mark with test date.

When does OSHA require that rubber gloves be test? (Pg. 136)

-Before the first issue and every 6 months after. -Mark with test date.

What are temporary jumpers? (Pg. 130)

-Conductive devices that lineworkers install on a circuit for a short time. -Also called macks, red heads, mechanical jumpers, or simply jumpers.

In energized work, when is the MAD observed? (Pg. 120)

-Constantly

What Hot stick attachments are used for disconnecting switches? (Pg. 125, Figure 3.15)

-Disconnect/ cutout hook attachments.

With energized work, a qualified employee must be trained and competent at what? (Pg. 119)

-Distinguishing exposed live parts from other parts of electrical equipment. -Determining the nominal voltage of exposed live parts. -Maintaining minimum approach distance from exposed live parts. -Using personal protective equipment and live-line tools properly when working in or near exposed live parts. -Recognizing and avoiding electrical hazards.

While working on a de-energized line, workers maintain the minimum approach distance (MAD) when? (Pg. 120)

-During the grounding process until the line has been effectively grounded.

What does it mean to isolate? (Pg.118)

-Employing tested and certified equipment to create physical separation between the worker and any object under the worker's feet.

What are the two methods for working on a power delivery system? (Pg. 118)

-Energized -De-energized

When should live-line tools be inspected? (Pg. 128)

-Every day or at least before every job. -Inspect every tool for damage. -Clean tools with proper cleaning supplies.

When does OSHA require live-line tools to be removed from service? (Pg. 129)

-Every two years for examination, cleaning, repair, and testing. -If a tool is removed from service for cleaning or repair before two years, it must undergo the same examination as it would for a two year servicing.

What are virtually all hot sticks in use today made of? (Pg. 122)

-Fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) with a foam core.

Rubber blankets may be rolled or stored flat, but not ___________. (Pg. 140)

-Folded

Which Hot stick attachments are used for tying conductors to insulators? (Pg. 125, Figures 3.11-3.13)

-Formed wire tool -Rotary blade head -Mechanical hand

What are pole guards? (Pg. 142)

-Guards that cover poles that are set near or on energized lines. -Protect the workers from accidental brush contact with the pole.

What are modern tool heads and attachments made of? (Pg. 122)

-Heat-treated aluminum or engineered plastics for lightweight toughness.

At the service center, where should live-line tools be stored? (Pg. 127)

-In a dry, designated location safely away from anything that could cause physical damage or contamination from dust and dirt. -If possible, store hot sticks vertically in a special rack or suspended from the ceiling. -Use heaters to prevent moisture condensation.

How should live-line tools be transported in vehicles? (Pg. 128)

-In a special rack or protective container, not piled loose in a truck bed or trailer.

At the worksite, where should live-line tools be stored? (Pg. 127)

-In a special tool rack or other location that is clean, dry, protected from weather, and out of the way.

The distance mandated by OSHA is calculated using what three factors? (Pg. 120)

-Inadvertent movement factor -Altitude correction factor -The electrical component of the minimum approach distance

Every aspect of energized work is governed by what three principles? (Pg.118)

-Insulate -Isolate -Protect against 2nd point of contact

What is the most important element of any live-line tool? (Pg. 122)

-Insulation

What two conditions make live-line tools electrically unsafe? (Pg. 129)

-Internal Conductivity -Surface Conductivity

What are Load pickup jumpers? (Pg. 130)

-Jumpers that have a mechanism that safely "picks up" the load (makes the connection) between lines. -Carry a load up to the amp rating designated by the manufacturer.

What is the purpose line guards and insulator covers? (Pg. 142)

-Line guards are easily applied with live-line tools and are designed to connect to plastic insulator covers.

Where do live-line tools suffer most abuse? (Pg. 127)

-Live-line tools suffer more abuse in storage and transportation than on the job.

What is MAD? (Pg. 120)

-Minimum Approach Distance -The closest distance that a qualified employee can approach an exposed object of different potential without the use of approved and rated protective equipment.

What must live-line tools be protected against? (Pg. 127)

-Moisture and physical impact.

What should live-line tools not do? (Pg. 129)

-Not conduct energy. -They are designed with high electrical resistance in order to insulate the worker.

What are insulator covers? (Pg. 139)

-Often referred to as hoods, insulator covers are used with line hose to help achieve complete coverage.

What is a qualified person? (Pg. 119)

-On who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated his ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter, the work, or the project.

What is a competent person? (Pg. 119)

-One who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has the authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.

As per ASTM and OSHA stadards, plastic cover-up equipment is rated only for what type of protection? (Pg. 141)

-Phase-to-ground protection.

When should plastic equipment be tested? (Pg. 143)

-Plastic protective equipment doesn't require in-service testing. -If an inspection raises a concern, test the equipment in a lab.

What does the utility adopted usage rule cradle-to-cradle require? (Pg. 133)

-Requires lineworkers to wear gloves and sleeves from the time an aerial lift leaves the cradle until it returns.

What does the utility adopted usage rule lock-to-lock require? (Pg. 133)

-Requires lineworkers to wear rubber gloves from when they open an underground enclosure until they close the enclosure.

What does the utility adopted usage rule ground-to-ground require? (Pg. 133)

-Requires lineworkers to wear rubber gloves from when they start up a pole or structure until they return to the ground.

Failure to clean the conductor at the connection point where jumpers will connect causes what? (Pg. 131)

-Resistance and can create a hot spot.

What are methods for maintaining the MAD? (Pg. 120)

-Rubber Glove work -Hot sticking -Barehand work

____________ _____________ are one of a lineworker's best safety tools. (Pg. 132)

-Rubber gloves

Most electrical accidents involve what? (Pg. 118)

-Second point of contact.

OSHA requires the use of Rubber Sleeves except in what conditions? (Pg.132)

-The lineworker is insulated from energized parts that are not being worked on. -This insulation protects the employee's upper arm from contacting other energized parts.

What does Second point of contact mean? (Pg. 118)

-The point at which current leaves the body during simultaneous contact between two or more items of different potential.

What does it mean to insulate? (Pg. 118)

-The worker is separated by a dielectric substance, such as rubber gloves and sleeves, hot sticks, and rubber or plastic cover-up equipment.

What is a Cutter used for? (Pg. 124, Figure 3.9)

-To cut conductors of all sizes. -Some make a round cut to allow installation of splicing sleeve or dead-end. -Those made for larger conductors are typically hydraulic or ratchet assisted.

What is a Telescoping Stick used for? (Pg. 124, Figure 3.10)

-To replace fuses, operate disconnects, take conductor height measurements, and operate reclosers.

What is an Auxiliary Support Arm used for? (Pg. 124, Figure 3.8)

-To reposition and secure conductors out of the immediate work area. -Can be mounted to the crossarms, poles, and the truck boom. -Work well for conductor, crossarm, pole, and insulator replacements, switch installations, and other projects.

What is a Tie Stick? (Pg. 123, Figure 3.5)

-Tool used to manipulate tie wires, and install and remove Preformed ties.

What is the industry trend in terms of tools? (Pg. 123)

-Universal sticks, which are made of modern materials, fit a variety of tools, and can be connected end-to-end.

Avoid contact with protective equipment that is installed on energized lines unless what? (Pg. 138)

-Unless rubber gloves and sleeves are used.

What is the simplest way to comply with ASTM standards? (Pg. 141)

-Use adequate rubber insulating cover-up equipment on conductors whenever using the rubber glove method.

What is the purpose of a Fiber Hoist/ Strap Hoist? (Pg. 126, Figure 3.17)

-Used for energized work (rubber gloving and hot sticking). -Used to support sagging conductors, adjust tension, replace strain insulators, and other tasks.

Do not place yourself or any conductive object closer to exposed, energized parts than the minimum approach distance, unless what? (Pg. 120)

-You are insulated from the energized part. -The energized part is insulated. -You are isolated from any object at a different potential.