Chapter 3 Pretest

The universal process through which an individual's position or status is changed by society is called

social redefinition

Today, most people go through ______ earlier than they did 100 years ago, but they tend to stay in ______ longer.

puberty; school

In the early twenty-first century, roughly______ of American adolescents were from ethnic minority groups. By the end of the century, it is estimated that nearly ______ of American adolescents will be non-White.

45%; 2/3

Which of the following statements about the inventionist perspective is true?

Adolescence is a separate period that has been largely determined by the broader social environment.

What is the most likely explanation for the fact that relocating adolescents from poor neighborhoods to more advantaged neighborhoods sometimes has negative effects on the adolescents?

Adolescents may encounter more discrimination in their new neighborhoods.

Why is it so difficult to draw a legal boundary between when someone should be treated like a child and when someone is ready to be treated like an adult?

Development can be rapid and varies widely between individuals.

Which of these is an important way in which male circumcision and female circumcision differ?

Female circumcision causes extreme physical and psychological damage.

Which of these statements about emerging adulthood, the developmental period between adolescence and adulthood, is true?

It exists in very few cultures.

You describe what you have learned in psychology class to a relative who is in her 50s. She says, "There is no way that a 22-year-old should feel like an adolescent. That is nonsense." Based on what you have read in this chapter, which of these points would it make sense for you to bring up to refute her statement?

Many people in their early 20s have had to delay their transition into adult work and family roles because they need more schooling to succeed.

Adolescents who are convicted of crimes become part of the ______ justice system, whereas adults convicted of the same crimes are part of the ______ justice system.

juvenile, criminal