Chapter 3 Section 2 Review

Describe how the three major types of lipids differ in structure from one another.

1) triglycerides: 3 molecules of fatty acid, 1 alcohol glycerol molecule 2)phospholipids: 2 fatty acid molecules, 1 alcohol glycerol molecule 3) waxes: long fatty acid chain and a long alcohol chain.

Compare the structure of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides.

A monosaccharide is a monomer of carbohydrates. In living things, 2 monosaccharides can combine in a condensation reaction to form a double sugar, or disaccharide. A polysaccharide is a complex molecule composed of 3+ monosaccharides.

How are proteins constructed from amino acids?

Amino acids link together to form proteins

Why do phospholipids orient in a bilayer when in a watery environment, such as a cell?

Because phospholipids have a hydrophobic tail.

What are the functions of the two types of nucleic acids?

DNA contains the information that determines the characteristics of its cell activities. RNA leads protein synthesis and transfers info from DNA.

Describe a model of enzyme options.

In the induced fit model of enzyme action, the enzyme then reduces the activation energy of the reaction so reactants can become products. The enzyme is unchanged and is available to be used again.

How do amino acids differ from one another?

The main difference among the different amino acids is in their R groups.