Chapter 33 Simulation in Healthcare Education (TB 29)

Which organization created the first set of published standards to guide simulation experiences? a. International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning b. Society for Simulation in Healthcare c. National League for Nursing d. American Association for Colleges of Nursing

ANS: A The Standards of Best Practice: Simulation was created by the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning (INACSL) in response to a growing need for standardization and guidelines related to simulation educational methodologies.

Which of the following are INACSL standards for best practice for simulation? (Select all that apply.) a. Terminology b. Debriefing process c. Facilitator objectives d. Facilitation methods

ANS: A, B, D Terminology, debriefing process, and facilitation methods are INACSL standards for simulation best practice. The current INACSL standards address the participant objectives, not the facilitator objectives.

Which categories of objectives can be met in a simulated clinical experience using a computer-controlled high-fidelity mannequin? (Select all that apply.) a. Cognitive b. Sociocultural c. Psychomotor d. Affective

ANS: A, C, D Objectives are designed to meet learning needs in the categories of cognition, psychomotor development, and affective, or emotional feelings. Sociocultural cues used within the simulated learning experience can help to achieve those objectives.

As a simulation facilitator, you develop a confidentiality form that all learners must sign prior to simulation experiences. Which standard does this represent? a. Standard I: Terminology b. Standard II: Professional Integrity of the Participants c. Standard VI: The Debriefing Process d. Standard VII: Evaluation of Expected Outcomes

ANS: B Asking all learners to sign a confidentiality form prior to simulation experiences ensures that all learners will receive the same opportunity for learning. This confidentiality form states that the learners will not share the details of the simulation experience with any other students and ensures the professional integrity of the participant.

The best practice starting point for developing a simulation scenario is: a. the equipment available. b. the goals or objectives to be achieved. c. the facilitator's choice. d. the commercially based scenarios available.

ANS: B Simulation Standard III: Participant Objectives of the Standards of Best Practice states simulations should be developed based on the goals or objectives to be achieved by the participants, not on the technology available.

What is the purpose for creating standards to guide simulation experiences? (Select all that apply.) a. To regulate all simulation activities nationwide b. To provide standardized experiences for the learners c. To enhance quality of the simulation experience d. To ensure funding for simulation programs

ANS: B, C Standards are necessary to create the foundational structure on which to build simulation experiences and ensure quality and control related to the scenarios.

Which simulator model is most appropriate for learning to obtain an arterial blood gas? a. Standardized patient b. Computer-controlled mannequin c. Arm model from elbow to fingers d. Computer model

ANS: C Asking a learner to obtain an arterial blood gas is an example of a psychomotor skill. This skill can be practiced on an arm model. The arm model is the most realistic model to be used without placing the patient in any dangerous situation, such as the use of the standardized patient.

The purpose of the debriefing process is: a. to provide additional lecture time. b. to provide time for the facilitator to critique the student's performance. c. to promote self-reflection. d. to provide time for participants to critique other participants' performances.

ANS: C Simulation Standard IV: Debriefing Process of the Standards of Best Practice states that debriefing is reflecting on one's thoughts, performance, and actions. Self-reflection can be taught.

When SBAR communication is used, the B represents: a. baseline. b. breath sounds. c. bottom line. d. background.

ANS: D SBAR stands for situation, background, assessment, and recommendation.

The evaluation data collected after a simulation experience related to care of the heart failure patient demonstrated a decrease in hospital admissions related to heart failure exacerbations. This type of evidence supports training outcomes in which level of Kirkpatrick's Model? a. Level 1 b. Level 2 c. Level 3 d. Level 4

ANS: D This type of training impact demonstrates the organizational impact (improved patient outcomes) related to a training experience. This is an example of a Kirkpatrick level 4 training outcome.