Chapter 35 Pre Test
How would you classify an environmental emergency in which a child stepped on a sea urchin and got the spine embedded in his foot?
A bite or sting
How does the body compensate in the short term for the increased atmospheric pressure—and resulting decreased amount of air to breathe—at increased altitudes?
A person breathes more rapidly and more deeply.
Which of the following is a sign of severe hypothermia?
Absence of shivering
Which of the following is often a precipitating factor in adolescent and adult drowning?
Drug or alcohol use
You are caring for an unresponsive hypothermic patient who was found outdoors. Once you have determined the scene is safe, which of the following is your first priority?
Getting the patient out of the cold environment
Why does high-altitude pulmonary edema take longer to develop than acute mountain sickness or high-altitude cerebral edema?
It takes several days for fluid to build up in the lungs.
Which of the following is included in emergency care of a patient with a heat-related emergency who has moist, pale-to-normal skin?
Loosening or removing clothing to cool the patient
Which of the following is the highest priority in managing a patient with a heat-related emergency?
Move the patient to a cool environment.
If you must try to pull a victim in the water to safety with your hand, how should you be positioned?
On your stomach
Which of the following interventions is indicated for all hypothermic patients?
Passive rewarming
what is an early sign of frostbite
The skin of the affected area is white and waxy.
Which of the following descriptions best characterizes deep frostbite?
The tissue becomes frozen.
Which of the following statements is true of insect bites and stings?
Which of the following statements is true of insect bites and stings?
At what body temperature does shivering typically occur?
around 96
During primary assessment of a hypothermic patient, you should:
check the patient's orientation to person, place, and time, if the patient is awake.
Which of the following CANNOT be provided effectively while a drowning victim is still in the water?
chest compressions
Which of the following patients will show the effects of a heat or cold emergency sooner than most other patients?
chronically ill patient
Which of the following is a mechanism that causes the body to lose heat?
conduction
Which of the following is a poisonous snake native to the United States?
copperhead
Which of the following occurs when the body perspires or gets wet?
evaporation
A 41-year-old man was found in the back yard by a neighbor. The weather is hot and humid, and the patient had been doing yard work all day. The patient's skin is red, hot, and moist, and his clothes show signs of heavy perspiration. He is not alert, but responds to verbal stimuli. Which of the following heat-related emergencies should you most suspect?
heat stroke
Cooling or freezing particular parts of the body is:
local cooling.
Which of the following body areas is most susceptible to frostnip?
nose
When performing active rewarming, you should:
not delay transport.
A 38-year-old male is in the water, and requires rescue. Which of the following would be best to extend to him to pull him to safety?
rope
Which of the following is typically a source of heat for the body?
shivering
High humidity:
slows evaporation
During an environmental emergency, patients who are under the influence of alcohol:
tend to be affected more rapidly and severely.
You may encounter airway resistance as you ventilate a drowning victim. This means that:
you will probably have to ventilate more forcefully than with other patients.
Which of the following statements about environmental emergencies is true?
Environmental emergencies can occur in any setting—wilderness, rural, suburban, and urban.
A man is spending a day fishing in an area where temperatures are over 90°F. Which of the following conditions would be most likely to increase his risk of a heat-related emergency?
Having a few beers while fishing
Which of the following combinations of findings makes a patient with a potential heat-related emergency the highest priority for transport?
Hot skin and altered mental status
In a water-related accident, which of the following is LEAST likely to lead to an airway obstruction?
Hypothermia
