Chapter 37 Anesthesia and Pain Control Review

What never block provides anesthesia to the buccal soft tissues closest to the mandibular molars?

Buccal nerve block

What stage of anesthesia is the patient relaxed and fully conscious?

stage I

The larger the gauge on the needle the _____ the needle

thinner

Where is general anesthesia most safely administered at?

Hospital

True or False: Short term anesthetic can last from 20 to 45 minutes

True

What size needle is usually used for an anesthetic injection on tooth #19?

1 5/8 inch

What size needle is usually used for an anesthetic injection on tooth #13?

1 inch

What are the 2 most common lengths of needles used in dentistry?

1 inch and 1 5/8 inches

How long should topical anesthetic ointment remain on the site of the injection for optimal effectiveness?

1-2 minutes

What does nitrous oxide sedation always begin and end with?

100% oxygen

How long should topical anesthetic remain on the site of injection for?

15-30 seconds

The smaller the ratio, the higher the percentage of vasoconstrictor. Put these ratios in order from low to high. 1. 1:100,000 2.1:200,000 3. 1:50,000 4. 1:150,000

2,4,1,3

How many pads are used when using electronic anesthesia?

3

The fail-safe system will stop the flow of N2O whenever the percentage of O2 drops below _______ percent.

30

___________ is temporary loss of feeling of sensation

Anesthesia

The rubber stopper is part of the ________

Anesthetic Cartridge

When loading the anesthetic syringe the _______ is loaded first.

Anesthetic Cartridge

To be certain that the anesthetic solution is not injected into a blood vessel, the dentist always _______ before depositing any solution

Aspirates

What vasoconstrictor is added to lidocaine local anesthetic?

Epinephrine

True or False: A patient with an acute infection in a tooth or soft tissue, local anesthetics are not as effective because of an increase in lymphocytes (white blood cells)

False- Increase of blood flow or swelling

What part of the anesthetic syringe locks into the rubber stopper of the anesthetic cartridge?

Harpoon

What part of the anesthetic syringe must engage so that aspiration can occur during the injection?

Harpoon

To protect the dental personal from the occupational risk of N2O; what must be followed to reduce the N2O released into the treatment room?

Having a scavenger system and making sure the patients mask fits well and does not leak

__________ is the length of the time from injection to complete and effective conduction blockage

Induction

What nerve is anesthetized for tooth # 31

Inferior Alveolar Nerve

What type of injection would a dentist most likely use on #6?

Infiltration

What is another name for nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia?

Inhalation Sedation

___________ is injecting the anesthetic solution directly into a small isolated area of the tissue at the site of the dental procedure, generally used on maxillary teeth

Local Infiltration Anesthesia

______________ is the most frequently used form of pain control in dentistry

Local anesthetic

__________ is the hollow center of the needle through which the anesthetic flows through

Lumen

Distraction, relaxation, guided imagery, biofeedback, and acupuncture are all example of _______ medicine

Mind-Body

Carbocaine plain anesthetic is used for patients who have a medical history that indicates a recent ____________

Myocardial Infarction

___________ use in the dental setting is the only method of conscious sedation where the patient can drive themselves home following the appointment

Nitrous Oxide

Bleeding in or around the nerve, trauma to the nerve, and contaminated anesthetic solution can all cause ________.

Paresthesia

___________ is a condition in which numbness remains after the effects of the local anesthetic solutions have worn off

Paresthesia

What type of patients need anesthetic solution without vasoconstrictors?

Patient with recent myocardial infarction

Why are most surgical procedures scheduled in the morning?

Patients cannot eat or drink for 8-12 hours before receiving general anesthesia

What is stage IV of anesthesia?

Respiratory failure or cardiac arrest

Where are used or contaminated needles and cartridges discarded?

Sharps container

What is duration?

The time from when anesthetic takes complete effect until complete reversal of anesthesia

The 27-gauge needle would be a_______ needle than a 30-gauge needle.

Thicker

_____________ anesthetic agents provide a temporary numbing effect on nerve endings located on the surface of the oral mucosa

Topical

True or False: Intravenous sedation may be monitored by a certified dental assistant in some states after completion of a board certified course

True

What is added to a local anesthetic agent to slow down the intake of the agent and increase the duration of action?

Vasoconstrictor

What color is the nitrous oxide tank?

blue

The _________ system for anesthetic cartridges allows the practitioner to select the correct anesthetic solution by distinguishing the correct type and concentration of solution and concentration of vasoconstrictors

color-coding

What is the most common type of topical anesthesia used to control gag reflex?

topical spray

True or False: Local anesthetic agents are not effective when injected in an area where a tooth or soft tissue is infected because an increase of lymphocytes, in the area to combat the infection.

•False- Increase of swelling in tissue dilutes the anesthetic •Increase in blood flow in an area of infection rapidly carries the anesthetic away from the area •Infection causes local temperature to rise above the point where local anesthetic is effective