Chapter 37 Pathophysiology NCLEX-Style Review Questions

Which disorders are grouped under the category of inflammatory bowel disease? Select all that apply. -Salmonellosis -Ulcerative colitis -Crohn disease -Shigellosis -Celiac disease

Ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease

A client admitted to the emergency department with early symptoms of appendicitis should be assessed for which manifestation? -Left-sided abdominal pain relieved by rest that is not associated with nausea -Severe, sharp pain in the upper quadrants of the abdomen -Lower right quadrant pain that is relieved with movement -Vague pain that is referred to the epigastric or periumbilical area

Vague pain that is referred to the epigastric or periumbilical area

A nurse caring for a client with an intestinal obstruction anticipates which assessment findings? Select all that apply. -Vomiting -Abdominal distension -Diarrhea -Abdominal pain

Vomiting, Abdominal distension, Abdominal pain

The nurse has been providing dietary teaching to a client diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome. The nurse determines that the teaching was effective when the client selects: -grilled steak, green beans, and a Coke. -fried fish and a glass of wine. -a bran muffin, fruit, and orange juice. -bacon, eggs, and coffee.

a bran muffin, fruit, and orange juice.

Select the client at greatest risk for developing colorectal cancer. -A 26-year-old male with a history of irritable bowel syndrome -A 45-year-old female who takes four to six aspirin per week for arthritis -A 40-year-old male with a history of peptic ulcer disease -A 64-year-old female whose mother had colorectal cancer

A 64-year-old female whose mother had colorectal cancer

Which client should the nurse observe most closely for the signs and symptoms of paralytic ileus? -A client with a long-standing diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome -A client whose acute diarrhea has necessitated the use of antidiarrheal medications -An obese client who refuses to ambulate because he reports shortness of breath -A client who is first day postoperative following gallbladder surgery

A client who is first day postoperative following gallbladder surgery

The nurse is reviewing the medical history of four clients. The nurse determines that the client at greatest risk for developing peptic ulcer disease is: -A client diagnosed with arthritis who takes acetaminophen twice per day -A client who has a history of a ruptured appendix -A client with a prior diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori and refused treatment -A client who overeats excessive amounts of fatty foods

A client with a prior diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori and refused treatment

Which symptom is often observed in cases of peritonitis? -Abdominal rigidity -Bradycardia -Deep, rhythmic breathing -Decreased white blood cell count

Abdominal rigidity

An older adult client is reporting chronic constipation. When evaluating the client's medication regimen, the nurse will note that which medications may contribute to this constipation? Select all that apply. -Antacids for his heartburn -Diuretics for his heart failure -Propylthiouracil for his hyperthyroidism -Calcium channel blockers for his hypertension

Antacids for his heartburn, Diuretics for his heart failure, Calcium channel blockers for his hypertension

A nurse is reviewing the admission assessment data of a client diagnosed with acute gastritis. The nurse determines that the condition most likely occurred as a result of: -Consuming a diet that is high in fiber and prepared with multiple spices -A sinus infection that causes severe headaches -Arthritis treated with high levels of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) agents -Drinking a glass of red wine once a week

Arthritis treated with high levels of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) agents

A client diagnosed with inflammatory diarrhea is having multiple small, bloody stools with a fever. Which could be a likely cause of this inflammatory diarrhea? -C. difficile -M. tuberculosis -H. pylori -S. aureus

C. difficile

A client who is diagnosed with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome will exhibit which symptoms? -Chronic constipation -Elevated blood sugar -Diarrhea with fat deposits -Nausea with vomiting

Diarrhea with fat deposits

Which clinical manifestations would lead the nurse to suspect the postoperative client has developed a mechanical bowel obstruction? Select all that apply. -Extreme restlessness -High-pitched bowel sounds -Severe, colicky pain -Rectal bleeding -Increased abdominal distention

Extreme restlessness, High-pitched bowel sounds, Severe, colicky pain, Increased abdominal distention

The nurse is teaching her client with hepatobiliary disease about her diet. She tells her that she may have steatorrhea, which is the malabsorption of which dietary component? -Starch -Fat -Protein -Calcium

Fat

A nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with Crohn disease about potential complications. The most appropriate information for the nurse to include would be: -Excessive weight gain -Chronic constipation -Fistula formation -Difficulty swallowing

Fistula formation

When comparing the symptomology of Crohn disease with that of ulcerative colitis, which symptoms are generally characteristic of only Crohn disease? Select all that apply. -Toxic megacolon -Bloddy diarrhea -Fistulas -Risk for cancer of the colon -Perianal ulcers

Fistulas, Perianal ulcers

A client in rehabilitation is recovering from a recent stroke and experiencing difficulty swallowing. The nurse would anticipate which diagnositc procedure or treatment approach to be prescribed to assess swallowing difficulty? Select all that apply. -Multidisciplinary approach -pH monitoring -Esophageal biopsy -Endoscopy -Barium esophagoscopy

Multidisciplinary approach, Endoscopy, Barium esophagoscopy

A client has been admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of peptic ulcer disease. The nurse is aware the client is at risk for: Select all that apply. -Increased urinary output -Obstruction -Hemorrhage -Weight gain -Perforation

Obstruction, Hemorrhage, Perforation

The nurse is caring for a client with chronic diarrhea. She knows that diarrhea could be caused by which condition? Select all that apply. -Crohn disease -Lactase deficiency -Fecal impaction -Intestinal obstruction -Ulcerative colitis

Crohn disease, Lactase deficiency, Fecal impaction, Ulcerative colitis

A client is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of strangulated bowel. The nurse anticipates the client will need: -surgery to release the bowel. -insertion of a nasogastric tube. -low fiber diet for 24 hours. -lower abdominal massage.

surgery to release the bowel.