Chapter 39, Introduction to the Reproductive System
10. The nurse is caring for an older adult client following bilateral castration as part of testicular cancer treatment. The client asks the nurse what physical changes they can expect because of this surgery. The nurse explains the client can expect which effects? A) Maintain normal male characteristics. B) Develop a wider and flatter pelvis. C) Gradually lose facial hair. D) Take on some female characteristics.
A
13. A school nurse works with many preadolescent and adolescent female clients. Which client would most likely have delays in developing and maintaining the female reproductive organs? A) a client who has low levels of estrogen B) a client with higher-than-average levels of progesterone C) a client whose blood work reveals the presence of androgens D) a client whose levels of follicle-stimulating hormone are slightly below norms
A
18. The nurse working with obstetric clients understands the role of the placenta includes what? A) hormone production B) physical protection C) production of glucose D) expelling the fetus
A
20. The nurse is caring for a female professional athlete who reports not having a menstrual period for 6 months, since the client started training for professional tryouts. The nurse suspects the root cause of this client's amenorrhea is what? A) hypothalamus is not releasing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) B) absence of estrogen production C) increased production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D) decreased production of progesterone
A
23. A 74-year-old male client sought care wanting to have his testosterone levels assessed. Results of testing revealed that the client's testosterone levels were below reference ranges for adult males. What should the nurse teach the client about this finding? A) "More than likely, this is a natural, age-related change in your hormone levels." B) "Many men who are over 65 find that increasing their level of physical activity can increase testosterone levels." C) "It's normal for testosterone production to cease between the ages of around 65 and 70." D) "For many men, depression causes a drop in testosterone, while a drop in testosterone also contributes to depression."
A
27. As the lining of the uterus sloughs away, clotting at the site of the separating blood vessels in the uterus is prevented by what factor? A) plasminogen B) fibrinolysis C) luteinizing hormone (LH) D) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
A
30. The parents of an infant boy have been told surgery is needed because their son's testes have not descended into the scrotal sac. The parents ask the nurse, "Why is the surgery needed?" What is the nurse's best response? A) "The testes need to be placed in the scrotum to protect sperm-producing cells from body heat." B) "If the testes remain in the abdomen, it will help to protect them from accidental trauma." C) "Leaving the testes in the abdomen would damage their ability to produce testosterone." D) "The risks associated with surgery are greater than the risks associated with leaving the testes in the abdomen."
A
33. The nurse is talking with a woman about menopause when the woman turns to her husband and says, "You're so lucky not to have to go through anything like this!" What is the nurse's best response? A) "Men go through something called andropause when less testosterone is produced." B) "Men are fortunate to maintain the same hormone levels throughout their life." C) "With age, sexual function declines but that is not due to hormonal changes in men." D) "The ability to obtain and maintain an erection will decline with age."
A
34. A female client with her newborn infant arrives at the clinic for a COVID-19 booster. The client asks the nurse, "When should I expect to have a menstrual period now that the baby is here?" What assessment question should the nurse ask in order to provide the client with an accurate answer? A) "When was the infant born?" B) "Are you using a form of birth control?" C) "Is this your only child?" D) "Were your periods regular before your pregnancy?"
A
8. The nurse is assessing a male client who is beginning puberty. What phenomenon should the nurse attribute to the client's increasing testosterone levels? A) increased hematocrit B) increased leukocyte levels C) thinning of the cartilage and skin D) increased insulin secretion
A
32. The nurse is caring for an adolescent boy who is suspected of taking supplemental testosterone to improve his performance as a wrestler. What assessment findings would support this suspicion? Select all that apply. A) excessive hair growth on the face and body B) enlarged muscular development C) reduced hematocrit levels D) growth of testes and scrotal sac E) increased thickening of the skin
A, B, D, E
12. As a woman goes through menopause, what expected changes happen? Select all that apply. A) increased production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus B) gradual reversal of primary sex characteristics C) loss of calcium retention in bones D) increased serum lipid levels E) decreased serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)
A,C,D
16. The school nurse is teaching students about sexual health and explains that the effects of arousal include what? Select all that apply. A) increased heart rate B) decreased blood pressure C) sweating D) pupil constriction E) increased blood glucose levels
A,C,E
25. Which female clients are likely to experience a negative impact on their reproductive cycles related to the controls of the hypothalamus? Select all that apply. A) a young adult client who has been on an extreme weight loss plan for several months B) a client who works outdoors all day in a dry, moderate climate C) a client who is moderately obese D) a client who is undergoing treatment for major depression E) a triathlete who is training intensively for an important competition
A,D,E
1. A client's sex glands have responded to stimulation from follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). What endocrine activity has directly preceded the release of FSH and LH? A) Chemoreceptors detected a deficiency in growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH). B) The client's hypothalamus detected a deficiency in both hormones and released them. C) The client's anterior pituitary gland was stimulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). D) The client's hypothalamus responded to stimulation from prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH).
C
14. What physiologic process would most directly cause spermatogenesis in an adult male client? A) passage of more than 48 hours since ejaculation B) synthesis and release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus C) increased release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by the anterior pituitary D) recent sexual stimulation that has not resulted in ejaculation
C
19. The nurse is caring for a client scheduled for removal of both testes secondary to cancer. The client voices concern that he will look like a woman if he doesn't take testosterone supplementation, which is contraindicated by testicular cancer. The nurse explains that he will maintain his masculine traits as the result of what action? A) residual testosterone found in muscle cells B) hormones secreted by the penis during arousal C) androgens secreted by the adrenal glands D) supplemental medications taken daily
C
21. The client asks, "Why do I feel so bloated before my menstrual period begins? I am constipated, my breasts are tender, and I'm always hungry." How would the nurse best respond? A) "This is the result of the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), hormones to start your period." B) "This is the result of estrogen release preparing your body to release an ovum." C) "These are the effects of progesterone, a hormone released to thicken your uterine lining." D) "This is the result of the secretory endometrium release preparing the body for pregnancy."
C
29. The nurse is caring for a woman who went through menopause 5 years earlier. The nursing plan of care for this client includes teaching related to the importance of what dietary change? A) increased intake of fatty foods to maintain lipid levels B) reduced caloric intake because of lower activity levels C) increased calcium intake to reduce calcium loss in bones D) increased fluid intake to prevent dehydration from increased urination
C
4. Diagnostic testing has revealed a deficiency in a client's progesterone levels. What assessment finding is most likely to be the result of this change in endocrine function? A) oral temperature 96.3°F (35.7°C) B) increased appetite C) blood glucose 60 mg/dL (3.3 mmol/L) D) facial flushing
C
6. A 16-year-old female client presents to the clinic reporting severe menstrual cramps. The client is concerned about the pain and worried that "something is wrong." The nurse explains to the client cramping during a menstrual period is because of what? A) an increase in the levels of estrogen and progesterone, which cause uterine contractions B) low levels of plasminogen in the uterus that cause the shedding of the lining of the uterus C) prostaglandins in the uterus, which stimulate uterine contractions, clamp off vessels as the lining of the uterus sheds D) an increase in progesterone and a decrease of estrogen causing the lining of the uterus to slough away
C
9. A nurse is teaching a sex education course in a local high school. What statement, made by the nurse, would be accurate regarding the human sexual response? A) Humans require endocrine stimuli during a time period called estrus for a sexual response to occur. B) Stimulation occurs with large increases in sensitivity. C) Sexual climax occurs from massive sympathetic stimulation. D) The period of recovery is initiated with parasympathetic stimulation.
C
15. The nurse is assessing a client who is known to have a low sperm count. What naturally occurring substance should the nurse identify as affecting only sperm production? A) estrogen B) testosterone C) gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) D) inhibin
D
28. The nurse expects the level of what substance to increase to stimulate uterine contraction and the onset of labor? A) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) B) progesterone C) estrogen D) prostaglandins
D
3. The nurse is assessing a client who has recently become pregnant. What hormone activity is most likely to maintain the pregnancy until birth of the fetus? A) high levels of estrogen for the first trimester, gradually declining throughout pregnancy B) temporary cessation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) C) high levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) D) high levels of estrogen and progesterone throughout pregnancy
D
22. A client is in the first 14 days of her menstrual cycle, and the increased levels of estrogen have thinned the client's cervical mucosa. What nursing diagnosis best applies to this stage of the client's menstrual cycle? A) risk for imbalanced body temperature B) risk for urge incontinence C) risk for deficient fluid volume D) risk for infection
D) risk for infection
11. A nurse is teaching a health class for girls at the local high school. How should the nurse explain the primary goal of sex hormones? A) development of the body's reproductive system B) preparation of the body for pregnancy C) initiation of the body's change into puberty D) preparation for the emotional aspects of birth and parenting
B
17. What client should the nurse assess most closely to determine whether sexual activity will be safe? A) the client with benign prostatic hypertrophy B) the client with a cardiovascular disease C) the client who is postmenopausal with vaginal dryness D) the client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
B
2. A nurse is providing health education to a female client in a fertility clinic. The nurse explains possible reasons for infertility. When explaining how the ovaries are involved in conception, what will the nurse stress? A) Ova quickly degenerate, and most are absorbed in the body before the age of 12. B) The ovaries at birth contain all of the ova that a woman will have. C) Ova aggregate, causing millions to be contained in a storage site called a follicle. D) Follicles produce only estrogen; the uterus produces progesterone.
B
24. The nurse reviews the female client's laboratory results and finds that the level of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) has increased significantly since yesterday. When assessing this client, what will the nurse expect to find? A) The client is pregnant. B) The client's menses have begun. C) The client is ovulating. D) The client is preparing to give birth.
B
5. What hormone causes ovulation to occur? A) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) B) luteinizing hormone (LH) C) prolactin D) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
B
7. What hormone is the first to be produced when the ovum is fertilized and implanted in the uterine wall? A) growth hormone (GH) B) human chorionic gonadotropin C) prolactin D) adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
B
31. The school nurse is teaching some adolescent girls about the physiology of the menstrual cycle. In what sequence should the nurse describe the following events? A) Follicles are stimulated and release estrogen. B) GnRH is released by the hypothalamus. C) Ovulation takes place. D) Reduced levels of estrogen and progesterone cause the uterine lining to slough. E) The anterior pituitary releases FSH and LH.
B, E, A, C, D
26. The nurse is caring for a female client who is on day 14 of her menstrual cycle and ovulation is thought to have just occurred. What assessment findings should the nurseattribute to this? Select all that apply. A) The client states she had a loose bowel movement this morning. B) The client describes a sensation of abdominal fullness. C) The client states she is hungrier than usual. D) The client describes symptoms of anxiety. E) The client reports feeling bloated.
B,C,E
