chapter 39 patho

A nurse suspects an elderly client is experiencing benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which of the following questions should the nurse ask this client?

"Has the force of your urinary stream decreased?"

A patient informs the nurse that he has been having difficulty sustaining an erection. Which of the following statements made by the patient demonstrates to the nurse that the patient understands what a contributing factor to his erectile dysfunction is?

"I should stop smoking cigarettes. I have been smoking for 20 years."

The parents of a baby born with hypospadias ask the nurse if the baby can be circumcised. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

"The circumcision will not be done now; the foreskin is needed for surgical repair."

A 40 year-old male client with multiple health problems has been diagnosed with a testosterone deficiency. The nurse knows that which assessment findings would correlate with a testosterone deficiency? Select all that apply.

-A high-pitched voice. - A low muscle mass in proportion to his total body weight.

An 18-month-old boy is diagnosed with cryptorchidism. Based on this diagnosis, which of the following does the nurse expect to observe during the physical assessment?

Absence of the testis in the scrotum bilaterally

A nurse practitioner has a 30-year-old male patient presenting with fever/chills, urinary frequency/urgency and pain with urination. A urine sample displays cloudy and foul-smelling urine. During digital rectal exam of the prostate, the nurse notes a thick white discharge. A likely diagnosis would be which of the following?

Acute bacterial prostatitis requiring antimicrobial therapy

A male patient has experienced a forceful hit to the testes. The nurse expects that the sensory nerves that transmit pain impulses are associated with which nervous system?

Autonomic nervous system

A 60 year old male client is informed by their healthcare provider that they have an overgrowth of mucosal glands of the prostate. Based solely on this finding, what diagnosis will the provider likely document in the health record?

Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)

The anatomy of the prostate gland is made up of three concentric areas surrounding the prostatic urethra, into which they open. The nurse understands that an overgrowth of the mucosal glands can cause which disorder in older men?

Benign prostatic hypertrophy

The mother requests that a circumcision be performed on a newborn with hypospadias. Which information related to treatment of hypospadias should the nurse convey?

Circumcision is avoided as the foreskin will be used to repair the urinary opening.

Which of the following is the final site for sperm maturation?

Epididymis

A 60-year-old man comes to the clinic and has been found to have a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. The manifestations of these diseases will warrant the nurse to assess the patient for which of the following problems?

Erectile dysfunction

In the complex interaction of the sexual act in males, the nurse is aware that there are four stages involved. Which of the following stages involves shunting of blood into the corpus cavernosum?

Erection

The nurse is caring for a client with cancer of the scrotum. When performing a health history, which of these does the nurse explore as risks for this type of malignancy?

Exposure to tar and soot

Of the following list of medications, which would likely be prescribed to a patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) as a way to decrease the prostate size by blocking the effects of androgens on the prostate?

Finasteride (Proscar), a 5a-reductase inhibitor

A patient comes to the clinic and informs the nurse that he was playing soccer and was kicked in the scrotal area on the right side. The nurse observes that the scrotal skin on the right side is dark red. Which of the following should the nurse suspect this patient may have?

Hematocele

The nurse is assessing a client with a collection of blood in the tunica vaginalis of the scrotum. How does the nurse correctly document this in the medical record?

Hematocele

The mother of a 5-year-old boy brings him into the clinic because there is a firm feeling swelling around one of his testes. What would the suspected diagnosis be?

Hydrocele

A 54-year-old diabetic patient has come to the urology clinic complaining of erectile dysfunction. His history includes obesity, coronary artery disease which required CABG three years ago, hypertension, and gout. The nurse practitioner is reviewing his record in order to prescribe medication. The practitioner is considering prescribing sildenafil (Viagra). Which of the following home medications is contraindicated if taken concurrently with sildenafil?

Imdur (isosorbide mononitrate), a vasodilator

A client has developed priapism. For which outcome is this client at risk?

Impotence

A male client reports sudden pain and a bulging in the scrotal sac after lifting a heavy object. The swelling does not reduce when the client is supine and he begins to sweat profusely. What condition is the likely cause of these manifestations?

Inguinal hernia

As the sperm mature and are preparing for fertilization, what length of time are sperm able to survive in the male genital tract?

Many weeks

The prostate gland functions in the elimination of urine. The nurse knows that the prostate gland if enlarged can cause which dysfunction of the urinary system?

Obstruction

Which of these complications does the nurse recognize may occur after illness with parotitis (mumps)in young men?

Orchitis with residual sterility

The nurse inserts a Foley catheter in an uncircumcised male patient for the treatment of urinary retention and does not place the foreskin back over the glans penis. Several hours later, the patient complains of severe pain at the catheter site and, when assessed, the nurse is unable to retract the foreskin. Which of the following problems does the nurse know has occurred?

Paraphimosis

The nurse in the urology unit teaches is teaching about medication to treat erectile dysfunction. The nurse teaches the client that the mechanism of action of most of these medications is which of these?

Promotes increase in blood flow to the corporus cavernosa

In the aging male, testosterone replacement may be used to improve muscle strength and vigor. The nurse would question the use of testosterone before which type of screening in this patient?

Prostate cancer screening

Spermatozoa are mobile in environments with a pH of 6.0-6.5. The nurse knows that secretions from which accessory organ help to neutralize the strongly acidic vaginal secretions?

Prostate gland

A nurse is evaluating diagnostic tests for a client suspected of having prostate cancer. Which of the following results requires further evaluation?

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of 12 ng/mL

A young pregnant mother is told after an ultrasound that the fetus' testes have not descended. What hormone is responsible for the descent of the testes?

Testosterone

An obstetrician is explaining the differentiation of embryonic tissue into a fetus to an aspiring class of nursing students. Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of male sex characteristics?

Testosterone

With the aging male, many changes are measurable. The measurable changes in the reproductive system of the older male are particularly attributable to which hormone?

Testosterone hormone

A nursing student is studying pathophysiology as part of her nursing curriculum. Which statement made by the student indicates a need for further instruction?

The male testes are located inside the abdominal cavity.

The pediactric nurse is teaching the mother of a newborn with hypospadias about this disorder. Which of these does the nurse convey?

The opening of the urethra is found on the underside of the penis.

A male patient is being prepared for a physical examination of his prostate gland. How will the nurse explain the location of the prostate gland?

The prostate gland is located in the pelvis, inferior to the bladder.

The nursing student who is studying pathophysiology of the male genitourinary system correctly identifies which to be functions of the penis? Check all that apply.

Urine elimination Sexual function

A nurse is performing a genital examination on a male client who develops an erection. Which of the following is the nurse's most appropriate intervention?

reassure the client that this is a normal response and continue with the examination

Which of the following hormones is responsible for the development of male facial hair and change in voice to a deeper level?

Testosterone