Chapter 4 & 5
Which statement most accurately reflects Adler's view of human nature?
(a) Goal-directed behavior mitigates the influence of biological factors.
4. Maryam is dependable, responsible, and achievement-oriented. She has always been extremely well behaved. Maryam is typical of a/an ______________ child.
(a) a second child.
3. The opposite of the sensing function is
(b) intuition
3. According to Adler, we are most influenced by siblings who
(d) are most different from the way we are.
19. People with which of the following disorders are most likely to lack the ability to engage in the self-examination required by Adlerian therapy?
(b) psychotic disorders
21. In self-psychology, the clinician's role is to
(b) understand and empathize.
15. Adler's model for the client-clinician relationship can be described as
(c) collaborative.
16. Sullivan believed that pathology resulted from
(c) faulty interpersonal processes.
12. Freud identified two important life tasks; work and love. The third task which Adler added is
(c) friendship.
5. People tend to have the greatest difficulty in managing which function?
(d) primary function.
9. Which of the following is not true of the self?
(d) the collective unconscious.
5. Zak is extremely talented in mathematics and represents his school at many math competitions. He has never been very good at or interested in art. His brother Thomas, however, enjoys art and has created cover designs for school programs. He has gone to great lengths to avoid math-related activities. Thomas is most likely
(a) a second child.
17. A client arrived at a counseling session irate because a parking attendant had made him move his car. The client stated, "Even though the sign said NO PARKING, there was no reason why the attendant couldn't let me park there." The clinician helped the client to see that, although he criticized others for ignoring rules and laws, he believed that he was special and did not have to abide by the rules and laws that pertained to others. The technique which the clinician employed is called
(a) confrontation.
14. Jung believed that the easiest access to the unconscious was through
(a) dreams.
14. According to Adler, feelings of pain and inadequacy are caused primarily by
(a) faulty logic.
10. Which of the following does not play a major role in Adlerian psychology?
(a) libido
11. A person's unique memories of thoughts, feelings, and experiences are stored in the
(a) personal unconscious.
8. According to Adler, the major influence on the development of lifestyle is
(a) the composition and interaction of a person's family.
18. Object relations theorists believe that development and individuation depend on
(a) the nature of early relationships.
17. Which of the following most conflicts with the beliefs of Ann Freud?
(b) A law which requires that all wards of the state be placed in an institution for homeless children.
22. All of the theorists in Chapter 5 based their work on
(b) Freudian psychoanalysis.
16. A client states: "I am so excited because I finally passed the bar exam!" According to the Adlerian model, which would be the most encouraging response?
(b) You must feel great satisfaction knowing that all of your studying paid off.
6. According to Jungian theory, psychic well-being is evidenced through
(b) balance between personality opposites.
1. According to Jung, two attitudes are present in the conscious mind. They are
(b) extraversion and introversion.
13. Adler's theory is described as "phenomenological" meaning that
(b) it is concerned with a person's inner reality.
7. Feeling that the other children get more love and attention, having difficulty finding a way to be special, and being discouraged easily all are typical pitfalls of being a/an ______________ child.
(b) middle
20. Kohut's "selfobject" refers to
(b) our intrapsychic experiences of others.
7. The side of ourselves that we show to the outside world is the
(b) persona.
13. Jungian terms for the direction of energy movement are
(c) introversion and extraversion.
11. "Private logic" refers to
(c) the route from feelings of inferiority to the development of a self-ideal lifestyle.
6. Dora was having difficulty deciding whether or not to change jobs. She said that she also had a hard time deciding where to live, what furniture to buy, and whether to buy a new car. Her Adlerian counselor was not surprised to learn that Dora was a/an ___________ child.
(c) youngest
23. Which of the following is true of the theorists in this chapter?
(d) All of the above; They all began their careers as psychoanalysts, They all de-emphasized the role of drives in human development, They all placed considerable emphasis on very early parent-child relationships.
19. Which of the following statements is not consistent with object relations theory?
(d) Countertransference is avoidable.
2. "Family constellation" refers to
(d) all of the above; who is in the family, the roles that each person plays in the family, the nature of the interactions and transactions in the family.
18. When using the technique of confrontation, the clinician points out
(d) discrepancies in client statements.
2. The opposite of the thinking function is
(d) feeling
20. Avery, a clinician, asked his 14-year-old client to imagine how proud and happy he would be when he passed algebra and how frustrated and embarrassed he would be if he failed and had to repeat the subject in summer school. This technique
(d) is known as "pushing the button.
10. Lynn found dishonesty reprehensible and was suspicious of the honesty of many people with whom she interacted. In Jungian theory, Lynn's reaction can be attributed to the
(d) shadow.
9. Individual psychology focuses away from disease and pathology and instead
iii. provides a social focus that recognizes the client's needs for power and belonging are not being met.
12. In Jungian theory, a person's lifelong movement toward greater balance, harmony, and equilibrium is known as
individuation
15. According to Horney, the most powerful human drive is
security
