Chapter 4 Cell Structure and Function

The smallest living unit is a ____.

Cell

The outermost boundary of prokaryotic cells is their____.

Cell wall

Which of the following will NOT be found in abundance in an insulin-producing pancreas cell?

Chloroplasts

Debris that is trapped in mucus is moved away from the lungs toward the throat by ____.

Cilia

The infoldings of the inner membranes of mitochondria provides an increase in surface area and are important in ATP production during cellular respiration. Name these structures.

Cristae

Sperm cells move by means of ____.

Flagella

Large storage structures typically found in the center of plant cells are ____.

Golgi bodies

The stacks of membrane disks containing chlorophyll in a chloroplast are the ____.

Grana

Which of the following statements is false? A) Some cells are large enough to be seen by the naked eye. B) Cells with infoldings and outfoldings of their plasma membranes are able to move molecules across the membrane more efficiently than cells with no foldings. C) All cells are shaped like cubes or are round. D) In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus controls activities in the cell.

In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus controls activities in the cell.

Which of these organelles contain hydrolytic enzymes responsible for intracellular digestion?

Lysosomes

The description "9+2 array" in cells refers to ____.

Microtubules

Skeletal muscle cells will have a large number of ____ due to their high demand for energy.

Mitochondria

A dark-straining, spherical body found in the nucleus that produces ribosomal subunits is a _____ :

Nucleolus

All cells contain the following structures except ____.

Nucleus

Protein synthesis in bacterial cells is performed by____.

Ribosomes

What part does SRP (signal recognition protein) play in the binding of ribosomes to the endoplasmic reticulum?

SRP binds first to the signal peptide on the polypeptide being synthesized and then to a receptor on the ER which opens a channel.

Synthesis of lipids occurs in which major organelle?

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

The endosymbiotic theory explains _____.

The difference between plant and animal cells.

Eukaryotic cells are different from prokayotic cells in which of the following ways?

The presence of DNA.

As cells increase in size, which of the following occurs? A) The volume and surface area will increase at the same time. B) They will develop multiple nuclei. C) There will be a greater increase in volume than in the surface area of the cell. D) They will lose their nuclear membranes.

There will be a greater increase in volume than in the surface area of the cell.