Chapter 4: General Features of Cells

Granum

A stack of thylakoids

Microtubules

Are long, hollow, cylindrical structure about 25 nm in diameter and composed of the protein tubulin.

Which of these groups of organisms have prokaryotic cells?

Bacteria and Archaea

Thylakoid lumen

Compartment enclosed by the thylakoid membrane.

Stroma

Fluid- filled space enclosed by the inner membrane but outside the thylakoid membrane.

Which of the following structures are part of the endomembrane system?

Golgi apparatus, lysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, the nuclear envelop.

Vacuoles

Specialized cellular compartments that are filled with fluid, sometimes solids.

The function of vacuoles include:

Storage, regulation of cell volume, and degradation of macromolecules.

System biology

approach refers to a way of looking at organisms in terms of the complex interaction of its components rather then the properties of each component separately.

What are the functions of the central vacuole in plants

storage of pigments, maintenance of turgor pressure, and water storage.