Chapter 4 Multiple Choice Quiz
A ______ protein combines with a substance and helps to move it across the membrane. A) carrier B) channel C) cell-recognition D) receptor E) enzymatic
a
A hormone such as insulin acts by attaching to _____ proteins in the plasma membrane and increasing the glucose carriers present. A) receptor B) enzymatic C) carrier D) channel E) cell-recognition
a
A thistle tube containing a 5% sugar solution is covered at one end by a differentially permeable membrane and is placed in a beaker containing a 10% sugar solution. What will happen to the volume in the thistle tube? A) It will decrease in volume. B) It will increase in volume. C) It will remain the same. D) It will initially decrease in volume and then increase. E) It will initially increase in volume and then decrease.
a
Pinocytosis is a type of ______. A) endocytosis B) exocytosis C) active transport D) simple diffusion E) facilitated diffusion
a
The process by which a vesicle is formed at the plasma membrane to bring substances into the cell is called ______. A) endocytosis B) exocytosis C) plasmolysis D) hemolysis E) crenation
a
The process that requires a vesicle to fuse with the membrane, thereupon discharging its contents, is called ______. A) exocytosis B) endocytosis C) pinocytosis D) plasmolysis E) crenation
a
Water passes into and out of cells through the ______. A) phospholipid bilayer B) water carrier proteins C) special water channel proteins D) water receptor proteins E) cell-recognition proteins
a
Which of the following conditions does NOT apply to diffusion? A) Diffusion continues even after the molecules are distributed equally. B) Diffusion is a physical process. C) Diffusion is a passive process. D) Molecules move from higher to lower concentration. E) Diffusion does not necessarily require a membrane.
a
Which of the following conditions does NOT apply to facilitated transport? A) carrier proteins bind to molecules irreversibly B) transports molecules down the concentration gradient C) does not require ATP D) transports molecules from one side of the membrane to the other side E) transports molecules through the membrane much faster than simple diffusion
a
Which of the following is NOT an active method where molecules pass across the plasma membrane? A) simple diffusion B) active transport C) endocytosis D) exocytosis
a
Which of the following solutions is hypotonic to red blood cells? A) 0.5% NaCl B) 0.9% NaCl C) 1.5% NaCl D) 2.5% NaCl E) 5.5% NaCl
a
Which of the following statements is NOT correct about the phospholipid molecules in the plasma membrane? A) Each phospholipid molecule has four nonpolar tails. B) Each phospholipid molecule has one polar head. C) The phospholipid heads are attracted to water. D) The phospholipid tails are not attracted to water. E) The phospholipid heads face outward.
a
Which term best describes the condition of red blood cells when placed in a hypotonic solution? A) hemolysis B) plasmolysis C) crenation D) turgor pressure E) osmotic pressure
a
Which type of pressure is responsible for the maintenance of a plant's erect position? A) turgor pressure B) osmotic pressure C) active transport pressure D) pinocytotic pressure E) plasmolysis
a
Which type of solution will have the same solute concentration on both sides of the cell membrane? A) isotonic B) hypertonic C) hypotonic D) hygrotonic solution
a
Why are proteins involved in active transport often called "pumps"? A) They use energy to move a substance against its concentration gradient. B) They use energy to move a substance with its concentration gradient. C) They use energy to bind the substance to the carrier. D) They use energy to dislodge the substance from the carrier. E) They cause the plasma membrane to invaginate like a pump that pulls up water against the force of gravity.
a
A ______ protein has a specific shape such that only a particular molecule can bind to it. A) enzymatic B) receptor C) cell-recognition D) channel E) carrier
b
A dye is dissolved in water. The ______ is the solute and the solvent is the ______ molecules. A) water, dye B) dye, water C) dye, dye D) water, water
b
Oxygen ______ the air sacs(alveoli) of the lungs (relative to the surrounding blood) whereas carbon dioxide ______ the air sacs from the blood supplying the lungs. A) enters, leaves B) leaves, enters C) enters, enters D) leaves, leaves
b
Pinocytotic vesicles or phagocytotic vesicles often fuse with a ______ inside the cell for digestion. A) mitochondrion B) lysosome C) Golgi apparatus D) rough endoplasmic reticulum E) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b
Suppose a thistle tube containing a 10% sugar solution is covered at one end by a membrane and is placed in a beaker containing a 5% sugar solution. Which of the following conditions must NOT exist for water to enter the tube by osmosis? A) A differentially permeable membrane must separate the two solutions. B) The beaker must have less water per unit volume than in the tube. C) The membrane must not permit passage of the solute. D) The membrane must permit the passage of water. E) An osmotic pressure must be present.
b
What is the outer boundary of the cell? A) cell wall B) plasma membrane C) nuclear membrane D) endoplasmic reticulum E) nucleolus
b
Which of the following conditions does NOT apply to active transport? A) requires ATP B) transports molecules from a high to low concentration area C) requires a carrier protein D) carrier proteins bind reversibly to transported substances
b
Which of the following conditions results in chloroplasts being seen in the center of a plant cell rather than at the periphery? A) hemolysis B) plasmolysis C) crenation D) turgor pressure E) hypotonic solution
b
Which of the following describes the fluid-mosaic model of the plasma membrane structure? A) phospholipid monolayer with embedded proteins B) phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins C) phospholipid trilayer with embedded proteins D) triglyceride bilayer with embedded proteins E) triglyceride monolayer with embedded proteins
b
Which of the following solutions is isotonic to red blood cells? A) 0.5% NaCl B) 0.9% NaCl C) 1.5% NaCl D) 2.5% NaCl E) 5.5% NaCl
b
Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the plasma membrane structure? A) Protein molecules may be partially or wholly embedded. B) Protein molecules are localized toward one side of the cell. C) Phospholipids form a bilayer. D) Phospholipids have a fluid consistency. E) The head of the phospholipid molecule is attracted toward water.
b
Which statement best describes the plasma membrane? A) It is freely permeable to all substances. B) It is selectively permeable to certain substances. C) It is nonpermeable to all substances.
b
Which term best describes the condition of plant cells when placed in a hypertonic solution? A) hemolysis B) plasmolysis C) crenation D) turgor pressure E) osmotic pressure
b
Which type of solution has a lower percentage of solute than the cell? A) isotonic solution B) hypotonic solution C) hypertonic solution
b
Which type of solution will cause an increase in turgor pressure? A) isotonic solution B) hypotonic solution C) hypertonic solution
b
Which type of solution will cause cells to swell, or even to burst? A) isotonic solution B) hypotonic solution C) hypertonic solution D) hygrotonic solution
b
______ is the net movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. A) Osmosis B) Diffusion C) Facilitated diffusion D) Active transport E) Pinocytosis
b
A(An) ______ protein in the plasma membrane carries out metabolic reactions. A) carrier B) receptor C) enzymatic D) channel E) cell-recognition
c
Because certain substances can move across the membrane while others can not, the plasma membrane is considered A) impermeable B) permeable C) differentially permeable D) selectively impermeable
c
If a particular protein was identified in the plasma membrane to cause organ transplant rejection, such a protein would be considered a(an) ______ protein. A) carrier B) channel C) cell-recognition D) receptor E) enzymatic
c
Lipid-soluble molecules and gases enter the cell by ______. A) diffusion through the channel proteins B) osmosis through the channel proteins C) diffusion through the lipid bilayer D) osmosis through the lipid bilayer E) active transport through the lipid bilayer
c
Sodium and potassium ions are transported across the plasma membrane by a ______ protein. A) cell-recognition B) channel C) carrier D) receptor E) enzymatic
c
Suppose a thistle tube containing a 10% sugar solution is covered at one end by a differentially permeable membrane and is placed in a beaker containing a 5% sugar solution. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? A) As water enters the thistle tube, fluid pressure builds up inside the tube. B) Given enough time, the net movement of water entering the thistle tube will cease. C) Given enough time, the fluid pressure will become greater than the osmotic pressure inside the thistle tube. D) Initially, the concentration of water molecules is greater per volume outside the thistle tube than inside the thistle tube.
c
The diffusion of water across a differentially permeable membrane is called ______. A) simple diffusion B) facilitated diffusion C) osmosis D) exocytosis E) endocytosis
c
The exchange of substances between the maternal blood and fetal blood is an example of A) phagocytosis B) facilitated diffusion C) Receptor-mediated endocytosis D) exocytosis
c
Which of the following comparisons is NOT correct? A) hypertonic--10% NaCl solution for RBC B) hypotonic--0.10% NaCl solution for RBC C) osmosis--salt crosses the membrane D) turgor pressure--central vacuole E) diffusion--carbon dioxide crosses the membrane
c
Which of the following conditions does NOT apply to facilitated transport? A) requires specific carrier proteins B) transports molecules down the concentration gradient C) requires the expenditure of energy D) transports molecules from one side of the membrane to the other side E) transports molecules through the membrane much faster than simple diffusion
c
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an animal plasma membrane? A) separates the internal environment of the cell from the external environment B) helps the cell maintain homeostasis C) responsible for the synthesis of ATP D) helps to maintain the cell's shape E) regulates passage of molecules into and out of the cell
c
Which of the following processes can be seen with the light microscope? A) active transport B) pinocytosis C) phagocytosis D) osmosis E) facilitated diffusion
c
Which of the following processes does NOT use a carrier protein to transport substances across the plasma membrane? A) active transport B) facilitated diffusion C) osmosis D) sodium-potassium pump
c
Which of the following statements is NOT correct about the phospholipid molecules in the plasma membrane? A) The polar heads face outward. B) The nonpolar tails face inward. C) The polar heads are hydrophobic. D) The nonpolar tails are hydrophobic. E) The phospholipids form a bilayer.
c
Which of the following statements is NOT correct about the plasma membrane? A) Small noncharged molecules easily cross the membrane. B) Lipid molecules have little difficulty in crossing the plasma membrane. C) Charged molecules and ions readily move from inside the cell to outside the cell. D) Carbon dioxide follows its concentration gradient as it exits a cell. E) Oxygen readily follows its concentration gradient as it enters a cell.
c
Which term describes the condition of red blood cells when placed in a hypertonic solution? A) hemolysis B) plasmolysis C) crenation D) turgor pressure E) osmotic pressure
c
Which type of protein in the plasma membrane helps distinguish one cell from another? A) carrier protein B) channel protein C) cell-recognition protein D) receptor protein E) enzymatic protein
c
Which type of solution will cause cells to shrink or to shrivel? A) isotonic solution B) hypotonic solution C) hypertonic solution
c
Which type of solution will have a higher percentage of solute than the cell? A) isotonic solution B) hypotonic solution C) hypertonic solution
c
Large amoeboid-type cells, called macrophages, remove bacteria and worn-out red blood cells by a process called _____. A) facilitated diffusion B) osmosis C) exocytosis D) phagocytosis E) pinocytosis
d
Oxygen enters the blood from the alveoli in the lungs by the process of ______. A) phagocytosis B) active transport C) osmosis D) diffusion E) facilitated diffusion
d
Suppose a thistle tube containing a 10% sugar solution is covered at one end by a differentially permeable membrane and is placed in a beaker containing a 5% sugar solution. What will happen to the water? A) Water will only enter the thistle tube. B) Water will only leave the thistle tube. C) Their will be no net water movement. D) More water will enter the thistle tube than leave the thistle tube. E) More water will leave the thistle tube than enter the thistle tube.
d
The passage of salt (Na+Cl-) across a plasma membrane is of primary importance in cells. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? A) Sodium ions are first pumped across the membrane. B) Chloride ions then diffuse through a channel toward the sodium ions. C) The negatively charged chloride ions are attracted toward the positively charged sodium ions. D) Chloride ions are first pumped across the membrane and then the sodium ions diffuse through a channel.
d
Tonicity refers to the ______. A) air pressure in an experiment B) strength of a muscle contraction C) strength of a solution in relationship to pinocytosis D) strength of a solution in relationship to osmosis E) strength of a solution in relationship to active transport
d
Upon observation of an electron micrograph, a scientist noted a large number of mitochondria near a plasma membrane within a particular cell. The scientist would probably hypothesize that the cell used energy for ______ purposes. A) diffusion B) osmosis C) facilitated diffusion D) active transport E) phagocytosis
d
Which molecule in animal plasma membranes stiffens and strengthens the membrane? A) proteins B) phospholipids C) glycolipids D) cholesterol E) nucleic acid
d
Which of the following does NOT influence the rate of diffusion? A) temperature B) pressure C) electrical current D) pH level E) molecular size
d
Which of the following processes uses a carrier protein and ATP? A) simple diffusion B) osmosis C) facilitated diffusion D) active transport E) endocytosis
d
Which of the following transport processes will utilize the Golgi apparatus? A) osmosis B) pinocytosis C) phagocytosis D) exocytosis
d
Which process will transport sodium ions to the outside of the cell and potassium ions to the inside of the cell? A) simple diffusion B) facilitated diffusion C) osmosis D) active transport E) pinocytosis
d
Which structure prevents the plant cell from bursting when placed in a hypotonic solution? A) central vacuole B) lysosome C) Golgi apparatus D) cell wall E) plasma membrane
d
A ______ protein allows a particular molecule or ion to freely cross the plasma membrane as it enters or exits the cell. A) cell-recognition B) carrier C) receptor D) enzymatic E) channel
e
Crystals of dye, when placed in a beaker of water, eventually spread evenly throughout the water. This is an example of ______. A) pinocytosis B) phagocytosis C) osmosis D) facilitated diffusion E) simple diffusion
e
The sodium-potassium pump is considered to be a(an) ______ process. A) simple diffusion B) facilitated diffusion C) osmosis D) pinocytotic E) active transport
e
Which of the following comparisons is NOT correct? A) endocytosis--entering by sac B) exocytosis--leaving by sac C) active transport--against the gradient D) facilitated diffusion--with the gradient E) hypotonic solution--cells shrivel
e
Which of the following molecules would NOT be found in animal plasma membranes? A) proteins B) phospholipids C) glycolipids D) cholesterols E) nucleic acids
e
Which of the following solutions is hypertonic for red blood cells? A) 0.010% NaCl B) 0.10% NaCl C) 0.5% NaCl D) 0.9% NaCl E) 1.0% NaCl
e
Which of the following transport processes will form a vesicle? A) diffusion B) facilitated diffusion C) osmosis D) active transport E) phagocytosis
e
Which organelle in a plant cell fills with water as turgor pressure develops? A) nucleus B) endoplasmic reticulum C) Golgi apparatus D) lysosome E) central vacuole
e
A particular carrier protein within the plasma membrane can transport any molecule through the plasma membrane. A) True B) False
false
All proteins located on the external surface of the plasma membrane are solidly held in place by cytoskeleton filaments. A) True B) False
false
Integral proteins are associated with only one side of the plasma membrane. A) True B) False
false
Lipid-soluble molecules, such as alcohols, cannot diffuse through the plasma membrane. A) True B) False
false
Macromolecules can freely cross a plasma membrane. A) True B) False
false
Passage of molecules across the plasma membrane by passive ways involves the use of energy. A) True B) False
false
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a form of phagocytosis. A) True B) False
false
The phospholipid bilayer has a solid consistency. A) True B) False
false
The plasma membrane, because of the channel proteins, is said to be freely permeable. A) True B) False false
false
Diffusion will cease once both solute and solvent molecules are evenly distributed. A) True B) False
true
Phospholipids have hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. A) True B) False
true
Regarding osmosis, the amount of liquid increases on the side of the membrane with the greater percentage of solute. A) True B) False
true
The basic structure of the plasma membrane is determined by the integral proteins present. A) True B) False
true
The greater the possible osmotic pressure, the more likely water will diffuse in that direction. A) True B) False
true
The various functions of the plasma membrane are largely determined by the plasma membrane proteins. A) True B) False
true
