History Test Chapter 6

Yorktown

Cornwallis surrendered

True or false: British threats caused many people in the Carolinas to remain loyal to the British

False

True or false: During the harsh winter of 1778, the Continental Army enjoyed comfortable conditions in Philadelphia

False

True or false: Spain formed an alliance with Great Britain and sent troops to fight against American forces

False

True or false: The British surrender at the Battle of Yorktown brought an immediate end to the American Revolution

False

True or false: When the British captured Philadelphia, most members of the Continental Congress were arrested

False

True or false: George Washington asked congress to allow African Americans to enlist in the British army

False, He asked for them to join Continental Army

True or false: The Patriots outnumbered the British at the Battle of Long Island

False, They were outnumbered by the British

Following their defeat at the Battle of Long Island, the British fled to Pennsylvania

False, the British chased the Americans across New Jersey and into Pennsylvania

Which ground were they fighting on?

The American's

What American victory helped build morale during the harsh winter of 1776?

The Battles of Trenton and Princeton

What happened late in 1778

The British take thousands of prisoners after Patriot forces surrender, marking the worst American defeat of the war

Camden, South Carolina(1780)

The British won the first encounter . Cornwallis could no longer control the area he had conquered so the British moved northward

True or false: In a surprise attack on Christmas night in 1776, Washington defeated the British in Philadelphia

False, they won in Trenton

Who were the Americans alliance with?

France

________ was a former Prussian military officer who helped train the Continental Army to become a more effective fighting force

Friedrich von Steuben

Valley Forge

George Washington's winter camp

Hessians were ______________ mercenaries, or hired soldiers, who fought for the British

German

Hessians

German mercenaries

What slowed General Burgoyne and his army;s journey toward Albany?

He brought all of his belongings and possessions

How did the arrival of Comte de Rochambeau help the Patriot cause?

He brought with him thousands of soldiers to fight with the Patriots

Fredrich von Steuben

He helped train the Patriot troops. Also an officer in the Prussian army

Why did General Washington advance on Yorktown instead of New York?

He learned that the second French fleet would land much farther south

Which British commander was nicknamed the "hair buyer" because he paid Native Americans for settlers' scalps?

Henry Hamilton

What did New Jersey's governor, William Livingston, believe about slavery?

It was inconsistent with the principles of Christianity and humanity

Who said the statement "I have not yet begun to fight."

John Paul Jones

Who led the Patriot forces to capture both Kaskaskia and Vincennes

Lieutenant Colonel George Rogers Clark

Tories

Loyalists

Joseph Brant

Mohawk war chief

Which Patriot was executed for spying on Great Britain?

Nathan Hales

The British had the strongest _____ in the world

Navy

What happened at Greensboro, North Carolina?

Patriot forces fight British forces near Guilford Courthouse. Patriot forces retreat, but British troops suffer great losses in the fight

Nathan Hale

Patriot spy

Green Mountain Boys

Patriots in vermont who were led by Ethan Allen

Baron von Steuben

Prussian military officer

Who helped the Americans aid?

Spain, Cuba, and Mexico

True or false: American forces led by Francis Marion used hit-and-run attacks against British forces

True

True or false: At the Battle of Saratoga, American forces surrounded British troops and forced British General John Burgoyne to surrender

True

True or false: During the American Revolution, Congress authorized private merchant ships to sail as privateers, meaning they could be outfitted with weapons and capture enemy ships and cargo

True

True or false: George Washington was the leader of the Continental Army during the American Revolution

True

True or false: In the winter of 1776, the Patriot cause was near collapse

True

True or false: Loyalists were often shunned, or ignored, by their neighbors who supported the revolution

True

True or false: Nathan Hale was a schoolteacher who was hanged for spying on the British troops

True

True or false: Native Americans sided with the British more often than the Americans, because Americans lived nearby and often took their land

True

True or false: One reason that the Americans won the American Revolution was that they received help from other countries

True

True or false: Some African Americans took up arms to fight for the Patriots in the American Revolution

True

True or false: Some Native American tribes sided with the British and raided American settlements

True

True or false: Thaddeus Kosciuszko helped build important defenses for the Americans

True

True or false: The second French fleet prevented General Cornwallis from escaping from Yorktown by sea

True

True or false: The war was a hardship not only for the soldiers who fought, but also for the people back home

True

True or false: Despite the ban on African Americans serving in the army, many states allowed them to enlist

Trure

After he gave up the campaign to conquer the Carolinas, General Cornwallis and his troops retreated to ____

Virginia

Strategy

a plan of action

Marquis de Lafayette

a volunteer soldier, trusted aid of George Washington.

Privateer

an armed merchant ship

Siege

an attempt to force surrender by blocking the movement of people or goods into or out of a place

Impact

an effect

John Paul Jones

captain Bonhomme Richard

Previous

earlier

Treaty of Paris

ended the war

What was an advantage for the Americans during the American Revolution?

fighting on their own land for their own cause

Benjamin Franklin

first U.S. ambassador to France, He tried to get the French to support the American's fight for independence

Ratify

formally approve, to proceed with

Why was Henry Hamilton know as the "hair buyer"?

he paid Native Americans to get the scalps of the settlers

Thaddeus Kosciusko

helped build important defenses

During the winter of 1778, many Continental Army soldiers deserted. The word desert means to __________

leave without permission

Mercenaries

paid professional soldiers

Juan de Miralles

persuaded Cuba, Spain, and Mexico to send money to the U.S.

The British used their navy to form a blockade of American harbors. To create a blockade means to ________

prevent ships from entering or leaving a harbor

After the end of the war, General Washington planned to ________

retire and return to his home, Mount Vernon

Inflation

rise in prices, when it takes more and more money to buy the same amount of goods

Bernardo de Gálvez helped the American side by ____

shipping supplies and ammunition up the Mississippi River to American troops

American officer John Paul Jones became famous during the war for ________

successfully raiding British ports

Casimir Pulaski

supported American effort. He won rank of general

Ambush

surprise attack

Who were the two opposing sides in the American Revolution?

the Patriots and the British

Why did British General Howe wanted to capture Philadelphia?

to capture the home of the continental congress

Blockade

to close off ports

Issue

to deliver or hand out

Recruit

to enlist in the military

Why did the British plan to seize the control of Albany, New York, in 1777?

to gain control of the Hudson River

Aid

to help

Desert

to leave without permission or intent to come back

Transfer

to move

Why did General Washington keep his plan to advance to Yorktown a secret from everyone, including his own soldiers?

to prevent General Clinton from going to help General Cornwallis

Pursue

to proceed with

Sustained

to suffer or experience

The British had more ____ than the American's

wealth

Charles Town

worst Patriot defeat of the war

Thomas Paine

writes the Crisis

Henry Hamilton

"Hair Buyer"

American Disadvantages

-Lacked military experiences -not enough money for taxes -part of population supported opponents -difficulty enlisting soldiers -short weapon and ammunition -soldiers volunteered short amount of time -lacked regular army

What are the three agreements made in the treaty of Paris

-The Americans would pay to the British merchants what they owned -The Congress had to advise the new states British -Withdraw their troops from the American territory

British Disadvantages

-supplies shipped long distances -fighting in a faraway land -relied on mercenary soldiers

What were the 4 consequences that the Loyalists may have suffered for their beliefs

-the neighbors shunned them -they were victims of violence -they were arrested -the patriots executed them

Who was Joseph Brant?

A Mohawk war chief who attacked against the Patriots

What happened at the Kings of Mountain, North Carolina?

After being warned to stop fighting and join the British, American militia forces kill or capture all British and Loyalist troops

Which one had the strong leadership of commander?

America had George Washington

Who used guerrilla warfare?

America used guerrilla warfare

Saratoga

American victory after which the French joined the Patriots

Trenton

American victory when George Washington and his men crossed the Delaware River and caught them with surprise

Patriots

American who were for independence

Continental Army

American/ Patriot forces

The Continental Congress sent Jonathan Austin to France to deliver the news of the American victory in the _______

Battle of Saratoga

Which Founder was essential in getting the support of France during the American Revolution?

Benjamin Franklin

The _____ had a well trained army

British

William Howe

British General who captured Philadelphia

What happened early in 1780

British forces under General Clinton move from New York to take the city and occupy it and most of the state

Charles Cornwallis

British general who surrendered at Yorktown

Which side had a larger population?

British had a large population

The surrender of ____ in May of 1780 marked the worst American defeat of the war

Charles Town, South Carolina

What militia group prevented General Burgoyne's army from capturing supplies from an American supply base at Bennington, Vermont?

The Green Mountain boys

Who were the British allies with?

The Native Americans

What was the outcome of the naval battle between the Bonhomme Richard and the Serapis

The Serapis surrendered and it gave John Paul Jones toe be a hero for the patriots

What was the outcome of the Battle of Moore's Creek

The patriots forces crushed the loyalists and saved the key port of Charles town, South Carolina

Why are privateers important to the America war at sea?

The privateers captured more British ships then the American Navy

How did the American Revolution affect women

They had to run farms and take care of their families by themselves

Why was Battle of Saratoga an important victory for the Americans?

They won against British which changed the course of war

After the first French fleet arrived, what was General Washington's original strategy, or plan of attack?

To await a second French fleet, then attack the British position in New York

Loyalists, also known as _____________ were colonists who opposed independence

Tories

The ________, which was signed in September 1783, was the final agreement to end the war

Treaty of Paris