History Test Chapter 6
Yorktown
Cornwallis surrendered
True or false: British threats caused many people in the Carolinas to remain loyal to the British
False
True or false: During the harsh winter of 1778, the Continental Army enjoyed comfortable conditions in Philadelphia
False
True or false: Spain formed an alliance with Great Britain and sent troops to fight against American forces
False
True or false: The British surrender at the Battle of Yorktown brought an immediate end to the American Revolution
False
True or false: When the British captured Philadelphia, most members of the Continental Congress were arrested
False
True or false: George Washington asked congress to allow African Americans to enlist in the British army
False, He asked for them to join Continental Army
True or false: The Patriots outnumbered the British at the Battle of Long Island
False, They were outnumbered by the British
Following their defeat at the Battle of Long Island, the British fled to Pennsylvania
False, the British chased the Americans across New Jersey and into Pennsylvania
Which ground were they fighting on?
The American's
What American victory helped build morale during the harsh winter of 1776?
The Battles of Trenton and Princeton
What happened late in 1778
The British take thousands of prisoners after Patriot forces surrender, marking the worst American defeat of the war
Camden, South Carolina(1780)
The British won the first encounter . Cornwallis could no longer control the area he had conquered so the British moved northward
True or false: In a surprise attack on Christmas night in 1776, Washington defeated the British in Philadelphia
False, they won in Trenton
Who were the Americans alliance with?
France
________ was a former Prussian military officer who helped train the Continental Army to become a more effective fighting force
Friedrich von Steuben
Valley Forge
George Washington's winter camp
Hessians were ______________ mercenaries, or hired soldiers, who fought for the British
German
Hessians
German mercenaries
What slowed General Burgoyne and his army;s journey toward Albany?
He brought all of his belongings and possessions
How did the arrival of Comte de Rochambeau help the Patriot cause?
He brought with him thousands of soldiers to fight with the Patriots
Fredrich von Steuben
He helped train the Patriot troops. Also an officer in the Prussian army
Why did General Washington advance on Yorktown instead of New York?
He learned that the second French fleet would land much farther south
Which British commander was nicknamed the "hair buyer" because he paid Native Americans for settlers' scalps?
Henry Hamilton
What did New Jersey's governor, William Livingston, believe about slavery?
It was inconsistent with the principles of Christianity and humanity
Who said the statement "I have not yet begun to fight."
John Paul Jones
Who led the Patriot forces to capture both Kaskaskia and Vincennes
Lieutenant Colonel George Rogers Clark
Tories
Loyalists
Joseph Brant
Mohawk war chief
Which Patriot was executed for spying on Great Britain?
Nathan Hales
The British had the strongest _____ in the world
Navy
What happened at Greensboro, North Carolina?
Patriot forces fight British forces near Guilford Courthouse. Patriot forces retreat, but British troops suffer great losses in the fight
Nathan Hale
Patriot spy
Green Mountain Boys
Patriots in vermont who were led by Ethan Allen
Baron von Steuben
Prussian military officer
Who helped the Americans aid?
Spain, Cuba, and Mexico
True or false: American forces led by Francis Marion used hit-and-run attacks against British forces
True
True or false: At the Battle of Saratoga, American forces surrounded British troops and forced British General John Burgoyne to surrender
True
True or false: During the American Revolution, Congress authorized private merchant ships to sail as privateers, meaning they could be outfitted with weapons and capture enemy ships and cargo
True
True or false: George Washington was the leader of the Continental Army during the American Revolution
True
True or false: In the winter of 1776, the Patriot cause was near collapse
True
True or false: Loyalists were often shunned, or ignored, by their neighbors who supported the revolution
True
True or false: Nathan Hale was a schoolteacher who was hanged for spying on the British troops
True
True or false: Native Americans sided with the British more often than the Americans, because Americans lived nearby and often took their land
True
True or false: One reason that the Americans won the American Revolution was that they received help from other countries
True
True or false: Some African Americans took up arms to fight for the Patriots in the American Revolution
True
True or false: Some Native American tribes sided with the British and raided American settlements
True
True or false: Thaddeus Kosciuszko helped build important defenses for the Americans
True
True or false: The second French fleet prevented General Cornwallis from escaping from Yorktown by sea
True
True or false: The war was a hardship not only for the soldiers who fought, but also for the people back home
True
True or false: Despite the ban on African Americans serving in the army, many states allowed them to enlist
Trure
After he gave up the campaign to conquer the Carolinas, General Cornwallis and his troops retreated to ____
Virginia
Strategy
a plan of action
Marquis de Lafayette
a volunteer soldier, trusted aid of George Washington.
Privateer
an armed merchant ship
Siege
an attempt to force surrender by blocking the movement of people or goods into or out of a place
Impact
an effect
John Paul Jones
captain Bonhomme Richard
Previous
earlier
Treaty of Paris
ended the war
What was an advantage for the Americans during the American Revolution?
fighting on their own land for their own cause
Benjamin Franklin
first U.S. ambassador to France, He tried to get the French to support the American's fight for independence
Ratify
formally approve, to proceed with
Why was Henry Hamilton know as the "hair buyer"?
he paid Native Americans to get the scalps of the settlers
Thaddeus Kosciusko
helped build important defenses
During the winter of 1778, many Continental Army soldiers deserted. The word desert means to __________
leave without permission
Mercenaries
paid professional soldiers
Juan de Miralles
persuaded Cuba, Spain, and Mexico to send money to the U.S.
The British used their navy to form a blockade of American harbors. To create a blockade means to ________
prevent ships from entering or leaving a harbor
After the end of the war, General Washington planned to ________
retire and return to his home, Mount Vernon
Inflation
rise in prices, when it takes more and more money to buy the same amount of goods
Bernardo de Gálvez helped the American side by ____
shipping supplies and ammunition up the Mississippi River to American troops
American officer John Paul Jones became famous during the war for ________
successfully raiding British ports
Casimir Pulaski
supported American effort. He won rank of general
Ambush
surprise attack
Who were the two opposing sides in the American Revolution?
the Patriots and the British
Why did British General Howe wanted to capture Philadelphia?
to capture the home of the continental congress
Blockade
to close off ports
Issue
to deliver or hand out
Recruit
to enlist in the military
Why did the British plan to seize the control of Albany, New York, in 1777?
to gain control of the Hudson River
Aid
to help
Desert
to leave without permission or intent to come back
Transfer
to move
Why did General Washington keep his plan to advance to Yorktown a secret from everyone, including his own soldiers?
to prevent General Clinton from going to help General Cornwallis
Pursue
to proceed with
Sustained
to suffer or experience
The British had more ____ than the American's
wealth
Charles Town
worst Patriot defeat of the war
Thomas Paine
writes the Crisis
Henry Hamilton
"Hair Buyer"
American Disadvantages
-Lacked military experiences -not enough money for taxes -part of population supported opponents -difficulty enlisting soldiers -short weapon and ammunition -soldiers volunteered short amount of time -lacked regular army
What are the three agreements made in the treaty of Paris
-The Americans would pay to the British merchants what they owned -The Congress had to advise the new states British -Withdraw their troops from the American territory
British Disadvantages
-supplies shipped long distances -fighting in a faraway land -relied on mercenary soldiers
What were the 4 consequences that the Loyalists may have suffered for their beliefs
-the neighbors shunned them -they were victims of violence -they were arrested -the patriots executed them
Who was Joseph Brant?
A Mohawk war chief who attacked against the Patriots
What happened at the Kings of Mountain, North Carolina?
After being warned to stop fighting and join the British, American militia forces kill or capture all British and Loyalist troops
Which one had the strong leadership of commander?
America had George Washington
Who used guerrilla warfare?
America used guerrilla warfare
Saratoga
American victory after which the French joined the Patriots
Trenton
American victory when George Washington and his men crossed the Delaware River and caught them with surprise
Patriots
American who were for independence
Continental Army
American/ Patriot forces
The Continental Congress sent Jonathan Austin to France to deliver the news of the American victory in the _______
Battle of Saratoga
Which Founder was essential in getting the support of France during the American Revolution?
Benjamin Franklin
The _____ had a well trained army
British
William Howe
British General who captured Philadelphia
What happened early in 1780
British forces under General Clinton move from New York to take the city and occupy it and most of the state
Charles Cornwallis
British general who surrendered at Yorktown
Which side had a larger population?
British had a large population
The surrender of ____ in May of 1780 marked the worst American defeat of the war
Charles Town, South Carolina
What militia group prevented General Burgoyne's army from capturing supplies from an American supply base at Bennington, Vermont?
The Green Mountain boys
Who were the British allies with?
The Native Americans
What was the outcome of the naval battle between the Bonhomme Richard and the Serapis
The Serapis surrendered and it gave John Paul Jones toe be a hero for the patriots
What was the outcome of the Battle of Moore's Creek
The patriots forces crushed the loyalists and saved the key port of Charles town, South Carolina
Why are privateers important to the America war at sea?
The privateers captured more British ships then the American Navy
How did the American Revolution affect women
They had to run farms and take care of their families by themselves
Why was Battle of Saratoga an important victory for the Americans?
They won against British which changed the course of war
After the first French fleet arrived, what was General Washington's original strategy, or plan of attack?
To await a second French fleet, then attack the British position in New York
Loyalists, also known as _____________ were colonists who opposed independence
Tories
The ________, which was signed in September 1783, was the final agreement to end the war
Treaty of Paris