Chapter 4: The Internet
search engines
A sophisticated combination of hardware and software that stores the URL of millions of web pages and most of the content on those pages. When users type specific keywords into the search engine, they will receive an organized list of matching sites, images, and articles that contain those keywords.
HTML
Hypertext markup language. It is used to create web pages.
TCP/IP
The protocols at the heart of Internet communication
Voice over Internet Protocol (VolP)
Translates analog voice signals into digital data and uses the Internet to transport the data; can connect to telephone networks and digital sources such as PCs.
pop-up blockers
a browser feature that automatically blocks advertisements that attempt to open in a new, "pop-up" window
wiki
a collaborative information site, such as Wikipedia, that relies on the Internet community to both create and edit content
online payment service
a company that offers a secure and convenient way to pay for online goods and services
mobile hotspot
a device that can connect to a mobile network and offer Internet access to multiple devices near it
modem
a device that can convert digital information from a computer into the analog sound waves that can be transmitted over phone lines
residential gateway
a device that connects your home's network to the Internet
tethering
a feature that makes a phone act as a wireless access point
attachments
a file attached to an email message.
peer-to-peer (P2P)
a file transfer method that uses a distributed network of individual users instead of a central server to transfer files.
World Wide Web
a global system of linked, hypertext documents known as web pages
NSFNET
a high-speed network created by the National Science Foundation in 1986 that established connections to smaller regional networks, other agencies' networks, CSNET, and ARPANET
history
a list of every website you have visited, kept by your web browser
bookmarks
a list of favorite websites or pages
pay-per-click
a payment model where advertisers pay for their ads only when a web site visitor clicks on the ad to go to the advertiser's web site
subdomain
a portion of a URL that usually indicates a specific subdivision or server within a large site
Arpanet
a predecessor to the internet, this government-funded network connect frour US universities in 1969.
extension
a program used to add a variety of useful features to the web browser
HTTPS
a secure, encrypted version of HTTP
plug-in
a separate program that allows your web browser to play several types of multimedia content
web serves
a server that hosts websites
Protocol
a set of rules or standards that must be followed by computers that wish to communicate over a network.
microblogging
a short-form blog where users share brief thoughts, links, and multimedia
cookies
a small data file created by a web browser that remembers your preferences for a specific website
URL
a standard addressing system that allows web pages to be located on the Internet
data plan
a subscription that allows individuals to connect to the Internet using a cellular network
hashtag
a symbol (#) to mark keywords or topics in a message
a system for exchanging messages through a computer network
learning management system (LMS)
a system that offers students the ability to complete exams, turn in work, and communicate with their instructor and classmates
Web 2.0
a term that refers to a new way to use the web, whereby any user can create and share content, as well as provide opinions on existing content.
banner ads
a thin, rectangular advertising boxes commonly placed across the top of a Web page
podcasts
a type of prerecorded webcast that users typically subscribe to for future streaming or automatic downloading.
IP address
a unique set of numbers and/or letters that uniquely identifies every computer or device on the Internet
Bits per seconds (bps)
a unit of measurement used to track the speed at which data travels to and from the ISP
social media
a variety of websites and services that allow individuals to share photos, news, and thoughts with other individuals
blog
a web page or small website that contains a series of chronological posts and comments
web pages
a web-based document
web portal
a website that provides a variety of useful information and services to visitors
hyperlink
a word or picture uses can click on to immediately jump to another location within the same document or to a different web page
reply
abbreviated "re" in the subject line of emails, this indicates that the message is a reply, or response.
browser cache
also known as temporary Internet files, the browser cache stores every single page, image, and video for all the web pages you have recently retrived
news aggregators
an app that allows you to pick a variety of news sources and read them in a magazine-style interface.
CSNET
an early computer network created in 1981 to bring together researchers in the field of computer science
tabbed browsing
an interface that allows you to have multiple web pages open in one browser window
dial-up
an older type of Internet connection that uses analog singals over a phone line.
broadband
any digital data connection that can transmit information faster than standard dial-up by using a wider band of frequencies
tagged
data attached to a photo, such as keywords, faces, and the location where it was taken.
forums
discussion boards where individuals can ask questions and reply to each other
e-commerce
doing business online
Massive Open Online Course (MOOC)
huge online courses offered for free by a variety of universities
HTTP
hypertext transfer protocol. It helps web servers deliver a requested page to a user's computer.
Internet meme
online content that has become very popular and widespread over time.
backbones
refers to the connections that carry most of the Internet's traffic
website
several related web pages that connect to each other
web browser
software that helps you find and retrieve a web page that you are interested in viewing
Bcc
stands for "blind carbon copy", and is used to send a copy of an email to recipients who will remain invisible to other recipients of the message
Cc
stands for "carbon copy", and is used to send a copy of your message to individuals other than your primary recipient
MMORPGs
stands for "massively multiplayer online roleplaying game" and lets millions of players connect to various servers to team up with other players in ver large virtual worlds
Internet service provider (ISP)
telecommunications companies that offer Internet access to homes and businesses
Instant messaging (IM)
the act of having an online, text-based conversation with one or more individuals
webcast
the broadcast of various types of media over the web
Domain name
the portion of a URL that uniquely identifies a site and a brand on the web
forwarded
to re-send an email after its initial transmission
downloading
to receive data
uploading
to send data
plagiarism
turning in the work of another as if it were your own or failing to cite the source of your work
spam
unsolicited email that is sent in bulk
social networking
websites that are used to create connections between friends, family members, and organizations, thereby allowing individuals to share information and receive updates from those in their social circles.
social news
websites that encourage users to share links to news and other interesting content they find on the web
viral
when funny or fascinating content is shard again and again over a short period.
Real-time communication
when messages and conversations between two or more people occur instantaneously
