Chapter 4: Working Memory (Quiz)
Having a person repeat a word aloud during a short-term memory task does which of the following?
Eliminates the acoustic similarity effect and eliminates the word length effect
Change blindness demos only "work" if the second image immediately follows the first (ISI = 0 sec).
False
Forgetting in the Atkinson-Shiffrin model occurs through displacement rather than decay.
False
Intervening activity following a list prior to free recall eliminates the primacy effect but not the recency effect.
False
Secondary memory refers to memory for the immediate contents of conscious awareness.
False
Selective interference in dual-task studies provides evidence in favor of the Atkinson-Shiffren model.
False
The Baddeley & Hitch model is an example of a duplex model of memory.
False
The acoustic similarity effect refers to the fact that people have a better short-term memory for lists of similar-sounding items.
False
The recency effect is due to greater rehearsal of items near the end of a list.
False
In the Sternberg memory scanning task, a serial self-terminating search process would be indicated by:
RT increases with set size, but more for false probes than true probes
What type of memory tasks does a person actually have to generate the target item?
Recall
Studies of brain-injured patients have shown that:
Some injuries that impair LTM leave STM largely unaffected and some injuries that impair STM leave LTM largely unaffected
According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model, brain-injured patients with verbal STM deficits should show massive all-around cognitive impairments, including impairments to LTM.
True
According to the B-H model, memory span is a positive function of rehearsal speed and a negative function of decay rate.
True
An Alzheimer's patient performs comparably to normal seniors on two tasks performed separately but performs much worse when they are combined in a dual-task format. This indicates selective impairment of the central executive.
True
Change blindness illustrates the limited storage capacity of visual STM.
True
Immediate memory for multi-syllable non-words predicts the rate a which a person will learn a second language.
True
In a serial search process, each extra item in the memory set will increase the average time required.
True
Memory span refers to the number of items that a person can maintain indefinitely in STM through active rehearsal.
True
People show better immediate memory for a list of one-syllable words than for a list of five-syllable words.
True
The distractor task aimed to measure the duration of STM when people are prevented from engaging in rehearsal.
True
The central executive does which of the following?
allocates attentional resources to the two short-term storage systems
All of the following are stages of memory performance:
encoding, storage, retrieval
Visual flicker interferes with which learning strategy?
imagery-based memorization
What kind of search process did Sternberg's experiment actually provide evidence for?
serial exhaustive
The Atkinson-Shiffren model assumes that
storage and processing functions are combined into a single working memory
