CHAPTER 42 REVIEW

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How far ahead of the vehicle can​ low-beam headlights illuminate the​ road?

150 feet

Which of these solutions is used for​ low-level disinfection?

1:100 bleach solution

With worn​ tires, what is the lowest speed at which you should anticipate hydroplaning with wet road​ conditions?

35 mph for any vehicle

By what amount does the construction and insulation of newer automobiles reduce the interior decibel level of an approaching​ siren?

35 to 40 decibels.

Which of these is a common cause of​ ambulance-involved intersection​ collisions?

A motorist enters the intersection on the yellow light to attempt to beat the red light.

Which feature of personnel identification badges is encouraged to deter impersonation of EMS​ personnel?

A photo of the employee on the identification badge

Your ambulance is the first emergency vehicle to arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle collision. How should you position your​ ambulance?

Create a physical barrier between traffic and the scene

A helicopter has been requested to the scene of a motor vehicle collision in which two people have been critically injured. As safety officer overseeing the​ incident, what would cause you to immediately intervene for the safety of all​ rescuers, bystanders, and​ patients?

Guiding the helicopter to the landing site using a bright spotlight

You walk into the station at the beginning of your shift and see another EMT laundering sheets and pillowcases used from the previous shift. Which one of the following observations should cause you to stop and correct the EMT in relation to this​ task?

He is using an​ EPA-registered sterilant as the detergent.

You are instructing a group of new EMTs on the basics of driving an emergency vehicle. What would you emphasize as the most frequent situation or location in which collisions involving ambulances​ occur?

Intersections

Which of these measures should be taken to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning in​ ambulances?

Keep the heater or air conditioner on.

How can the EMT lower the risk of CO poisoning in older ambulances that are still in​ service?

Keep the windows shut in the patient compartment.

Using the analogy of a clock​ face, where should you position your hands on the steering wheel when driving an​ ambulance?

Left hand at​ 9:00 and right hand at​ 3:00.

Which of these statements concerning braking while driving an ambulance is​ CORRECT?

Rest your foot lightly on the brake pedal while decelerating to decrease your stopping distance.

Which statement is true regarding driving in inclement​ weather?

Stopping on wet pavement takes approximately twice the distance as stopping on dry pavement.

As an instructor for safe ambulance​ operations, which of the following statements should you make to new EMTs about responding with lights and sirens through curves in the​ road?

"At night, turn your high beams off prior to entering the​ curve."

When you are driving 55 mph at night with your​ high-beam headlights​ on, how many seconds does that allow you to see​ ahead?

4.5 seconds

When driving at night with​ high-beam headlights, at what distance should you switch to low beams for an approaching​ vehicle?

500 feet

Which of the following is a basic guideline for safe​ driving?

Adjusting your speed to allow for decreased visibility at night or in fog.

Which one of the following actions is appropriate when using a helicopter on the scene of an​ emergency?

Always approach the helicopter from the front and never from behind.

Which of the​ following, according to the​ CFR, any EMT working at a traffic collision must​ wear?

An​ ANSI/ISEA safety​ vest, Class 2 or​ 3, or a Public Safety Vest

Regarding your actions at the landing zone for a medical​ helicopter, which of these actions is​ appropriate?

Approach the aircraft from the​ front, allowing the pilot to maintain visual contact.

At what point should your daily vehicle inspection checklist be​ performed?

At the beginning of your​ shift, before your first call.

Assuming all patients below are 20 miles from the facility required to provide adequate​ care, which one would be a candidate for air medical​ transportation?

A​ 22-year-old male with shock and chest trauma sustained in​ head-on collision.

You are approaching a collision in the southbound lanes of an Interstate from the north. You see one of the vehicles in the​ median, and one of the vehicles parallel to​ it, across the​ right-hand lane. Which of these is the BEST place to park your vehicle at the​ scene?

Blocking​ traffic, ahead of the vehicles

Which of these is done during the daily vehicle​ inspection?

Checking door closing and latching mechanisms.

Which of these actions is taken upon arriving at the receiving hospital​ facility?

Complete your written report and leave a copy at the emergency department before you go.

Which of these guidelines should you follow for safety at roadway​ incidents?

Never trust approaching traffic.

Which of these is allowed of EMTs driving an emergency ambulance in MOST​ states?

Drive the wrong way down a​ one-way street.

In an EMS​ system, the first assessment of the call and the​ patient's condition is most often made by​ the:

Emergency Medical Dispatcher.

Which of these actions will improve your control of a vehicle at higher​ speeds?

Enter a curve at the​ outside, and start turning as early as possible.

Which of the following illustrates a basic medical supply that must be carried on an​ ambulance?

Exam gloves

Which of these figures increase the stopping distance while driving on ice or​ sleet?

Five times

Which of these statements regarding the general nature of state laws that govern emergency ambulance operations is​ TRUE?

If you do not exercise due regard for the safety of​ others, you are liable for the consequences.

Which of these actions should be taken to maintain control of the ambulance if you must enter an area of standing​ water?

If you need to​ brake, pump gently on the brakes to avoid sliding.

Which of the following has been shown to be an effect on emergency vehicle drivers as a result of using the siren while​ driving?

Increasing their driving speed

When she is dispatched to an emergency​ call, which piece of information is it most essential that the EMT obtain​ first?

Location of the call

Which of these measures is required to prevent unauthorized access to​ ambulances?

Maintain a key log to account for all keys to restricted areas and to vehicles.

For which of these purposes would​ low-level disinfection be​ appropriate?

Mopping the ambulance floor.

Concerning traffic​ congestion, which of these situations should you MOST​ anticipate?

More traffic to and from resort areas on Fridays and Sundays.

You are the third ambulance to arrive at the scene of a nighttime motor vehicle collision on a busy road. As you approach the​ scene, which one of the following observations should cause you to alert the incident commander of a​ problem?

One ambulance has been positioned with its lights facing oncoming traffic.

What is the estimated proportion of vehicle fatalities that occur at​ night?

One-half

You are on the scene of a motor vehicle collision and must look for an area to land a medical helicopter. As​ such, what would be​ best?

Open field that is​ level, but 250 feet from the accident

Which of these concepts should you always keep in mind when operating an emergency​ vehicle?

Other​ drivers' reactions to lights and sirens can be unpredictable.

Which of these is an appropriate infection control measure to be taken at the completion of a​ call?

Place soiled linens in an approved dirty linen bag or hamper.

While cleaning the ambulance following an emergency​ call, you find a syringe and a needle that were used by the paramedic to give a patient an injection. Which one of the following is the proper way to dispose of used syringes and​ needles?

Place the syringe and needle in a special puncture resistant container.

A​ 43-year-old male is entrapped in a car that struck a tree at a high rate of speed. He suffered blunt trauma to the chest and has a decreased level of consciousness. In this​ situation, which one of the following is the best reason to transfer the patient by helicopter to the​ hospital?

Prolonged extrication was necessary.

Which of these types of headlights should an ambulance have to allow the BEST visibility at​ night?

Quartz-halogen

What is NOT a recommendation for increasing the security and safety of EMS​ providers?

Security or safety briefing of the crew at the end of the shift

Which of these guidelines should you adhere to when setting up a landing zone for a​ helicopter?

Select an area that is a flat square with​ 100-foot sides for a small helicopter.

What would cause you to start transporting a critically injured patient to a local hospital​ (not equipped for major​ trauma) instead of waiting on a helicopter for rapid transport to a trauma center 50 miles​ away?

Start of lightning and poor weather

Which of these is a proper infection control​ measure?

Sterilizing equipment that will be used invasively.

While responding to an emergency​ call, what should you do if you encounter a school bus unloading​ students?

Stop and wait for all children to cross the road safely.

An​ ambulance, responding to a call using lights and​ sirens, is involved in a collision at an intersection. Witnesses state that the ambulance slowly went through the red light without first​ stopping, resulting in a collision with a car. No one is​ injured, and the driver of the car is insured. Based on the​ witnesses' account of the​ collision, which one of the following may​ occur?

The EMT driving the ambulance may be liable for the collision.

Which of the following is a legitimate reason for requesting air medical transport of a critical​ patient?

The facility capable of caring for the patient is 45 minutes away by ground.

In terms of​ high-visibility vests, which of the following is​ true?

They make EMS personnel more visible to passing motorists.

When driving in winter​ weather, which of these safety guidelines should you keep in​ mind?

Tire chains best minimize skidding.

Which of these statements BEST explains the rationale for performing a daily vehicle​ maintenance, inspection​ checklist, and having a routine maintenance​ schedule?

To increase patient safety and efficiency of response and transport

Of these factors that affect control of the​ ambulance, over which do you have LEAST​ control?

Traffic patterns

Which of these is considered a​ "trouble area" that should be avoided when driving the​ ambulance, if​ possible?

Tunnels

What strategy will NOT help to reduce the accumulation of carbon monoxide in the patient compartment of the​ ambulance?

Turning on the exhaust fan in the back of the ambulance

By which of the following figures is stopping time increased on wet pavement.

Two times

Which of these security measures should be in place to safeguard against unauthorized personnel obtaining EMS uniforms and emblems.

Uniform stores must verify the identity of anyone seeking to purchase uniforms and​ emblems, and should​ cross-reference the identification to a list of authorized personnel.

Which of these serves as a safety benchmark regarding parking at the scene of a collision or other roadway​ incident?

Use the​ first-arriving vehicle as a block and physical barrier to upstream traffic.

Which of the following is TRUE concerning your actions when driving an ambulance to an emergency​ call?

You must exercise due regard for the safety of others.

Which color emergency light is visible at the greatest​ distance?

White

Which action would reduce the chance of being involved in a​ response-related collision?

White strobe lights should be used in conjunction with the red flashing lights.

Which of the following is the recommended color scheme to promote recognition of​ ambulances?

White with an orange stripe around the body and blue Star of Life.

What is part of the daily vehicle inspection​ checklist?

Windshield wipers

Since supplies and materials used to treat the sick or injured may be used on every​ call, it is good practice to replace or restock the​ ambulance:

after every call.

You are driving an ambulance with antilock brakes. A deer darts out in front of the ambulance. Your most appropriate action would be​ to:

apply constant and firm pressure to the brakes.

You have been dispatched for a​ 2-year-old female who is not breathing. When​ responding, you realize that your primary goal is​ to:

arrive at the scene safely with no mishaps.

The use of​ high-visibility vests when operating on a roadway is a requirement of​ the:

federal government.

You are responding to a possible pediatric overdose. It is raining and suddenly the ambulance starts to hydroplane. Your immediate action should be​ to:

gently pump the brakes and decrease pressure on the accelerator pedal.

A paramedic has asked you to sterilize a laryngoscope​ blade, which was placed in the mouth of a patient during an endotracheal intubation procedure. To sterilize this piece of​ equipment, you​ should:

immerse and leave the blade in an​ EPA-registered (approved) chemical sterilant.

When an EMT is driving an ambulance in emergency mode​ (lights and​ sirens), most states do not permit the EMT​ to:

proceed through a red light without stopping.

The EMT recognizes that preventive mechanical maintenance performed regularly on the ambulance results​ in:

safer patient transports.

For routine disinfection of a stethoscope after each​ call, the EMT​ should:

wipe it with a solution of 1 part bleach and 10 parts water.

An EMT asks you how he can decrease the chances of being involved in a collision when driving with lights and siren at night. Your advice would​ be:

​"If blinded by the lights of an oncoming​ car, look to the right side of the road and not at the​ car."

Which one of the following statements about the use of an escort to drive a critical patient to the hospital is​ true?

​"It should be used as a last​ resort, because it increases the risk of an​ accident."

The EMT shows that she understands the concept of driving with due regard when she​ states:

​"When approaching an​ intersection, I wait for all traffic to stop before proceeding​ through."

Which level of infection control is appropriate for​ stethoscopes, blood pressure​ cuffs, or reusable​ splints?

​Intermediate-level disinfection.


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