Chapter 47: Management of Patients With Intestinal and Rectal Disorders 2

A change in bowel habits

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local community group of older adults about colon cancer. What would the nurse include as the primary characteristic associated with this disorder?

Metabolic alkalosis

Vomiting results in which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Colorectal cancer is the third most common site of cancer in the United States.

Which statement provides accurate information regarding cancer of the colon and rectum?

The client's natural bowel function may become sluggish.

A client realizes that regular use of laxatives has greatly improved his bowel pattern. However, the nurse cautions this client against the prolonged use of laxatives for which reason?

The consistency of stool and comfort when passing stool

A client tells the nurse, "I am not having normal bowel movements." When differentiating between what are normal and abnormal bowel habits, what indicators are the most important?

Peritonitis

A client with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis is awaiting surgical intervention. The nurse listens to bowel sounds and hears none and observes that the abdomen is rigid and boardlike. What complication does the nurse determine may be occurring at this time?

Intestinal malabsorption.

A patient visited a nurse practitioner because he had diarrhea for 2 weeks. He described his stool as large and greasy. The nurse knows that this description is consistent with a diagnosis of:

lack of free water intake

A resident at a long-term care facility lost the ability to swallow following a stroke 4 years ago. The client receives nutrition via a PEG tube, has adapted well to the tube feedings, and remains physically and socially active. Occasionally, the client develops constipation that requires administration of a laxative to restore regular bowel function. What is the most likely cause of this client's constipation?

Obstruction of the appendix reduces arterial flow, leading to ischemia, inflammation, and rupture of the appendix.

When preparing a client for surgery to treat appendicitis, the nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of Risk for infection related to inflammation, perforation, and surgery. What is the rationale for choosing this nursing diagnosis?

Dry skin thoroughly after washing

The nurse is teaching a client with an ostomy how to change the pouching system. Which information should the nurse include when teaching a client with no peristomal skin irritation?

Drink at least 8 to 10 large glasses of fluid every day

What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a client being treated for diverticulosis?

Rectal bleeding

When interviewing a client with internal hemorrhoids, what would the nurse expect the client to report?

"I didn't eat anything I shouldn't have; I just ate roast beef on rye bread."

A client is readmitted with an exacerbation of celiac disease 2 weeks after discharge. Which statement by the client indicates the need for a dietary consult?

laxative

A client is scheduled to undergo rhinoplasty in the morning, and reports medications used on a daily basis, which the nurse records on the client's chart. Which daily medications have the potential to result in constipation?

stool consistency and client comfort

An older adult client in a long term care facility is concerned about bowel regularity. During a client education session, the nurse reinforces the medically acceptable definition of "regularity." What is the actual measurement of "regular"?

Low residue

Diet modifications for patient diagnosed with chronic inflammatory bowel disease include which of the following?

high-fiber diet.

Diet therapy for clients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) includes:

Clamp the tubing and give the patient a rest period.

The nurse is irrigating a colostomy when the patient says, "You will have to stop, I am cramping so badly." What is the priority action by the nurse?

Borborygmus

The nurse is performing an abdominal assessment for a patient with diarrhea and auscultates a loud rumbling sound in the left lower quadrant. What will the nurse document this sound as on the nurse's notes?

Borborygmus

The nurse is performing and documenting the findings of an abdominal assessment. When the nurse hears intestinal rumbling and the client then experiences diarrhea, the nurse documents the presence of which condition?