Chapter 5
The loose connective tissue that separates the integument from deeper tissues and organs is called:
Hypodermis or subcutaneous layer
Which of the following is the function of the combination of epidermal ridges and dermal papillae?
Increase surface area for diffusion between dermis and epidermis
Protein that contributes to skin's protective qualities:
Keratin
Perspiration that is produced by apocrine glands is:
Limited to hair follicles of the axilla, nipples, and groin
Functions of the skin include:
Regulating body temperature
The _______ layer of the skin contains bundles of collagen fibers and elastin, and is responsible for the mechanical strength and flexibility of the skin.
Reticular
A small amount of ultraviolet radiation is beneficial because it:
Stimulates vitamin D3 synthesis in epidermis
The deepest layer of cells in the epidermis is cells of the:
Stratum basale
What is the correct order of cell layers (strata) in a section of thick skin, from basement membrane toward free surface (deep to superficial)?
Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum
What is the layer of epidermis exposed at the surface?
Stratum corneum
The epidermal layer whose cells have stopped dividing and started to produce large amounts of keratin is the:
Stratum granulosum
What are injections administered in the hypodermis when administered using a hypodermic needle?
There are no vital organs in the region
As cells are pushed from deeper portion of epidermis toward surface,
They die
The type of burn that injures the hypodermis, deeper tissues, and organs is a(n):
Third-degree burn
Melanin serves to protect cells in the deepest layers of the epidermis from:
Ultraviolet radiation
The condition that results from clogged sebaceous glands it:
Acne
The glands that begin discharging a sticky, cloudy, and potentially odorous secretion at puberty are called _______ glands.
Apocrine
The subcutaneous layer consists of:
Areolar and adipose tissues
When the arrector pili muscles contract,
"Goose bumps" are formed
Which of the following conditions is the most common form of skin cancer?
Basal cell carcinoma
The skin may turn orange as result of _______ buildup.
Carotene
______ is a pigment found in vegetables that can make skin appear orange or yellow.
Carotene
The dermis is composed largely of:
Dense irregular connective tissue
Projections of loose connective tissue from the dermis, which extend upward between the adjacent ridges of the epidermis, are called:
Dermal papillae
Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels in the:
Dermis
When the body is overheated, skin responds by:
Dilating blood vessels
Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the cutaneous membrane, external to internal?
Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
The nail ______ covers the nail bed.
Eponychium
Through which mechanism does perspiration function in cooling the body?
Evaporation
A burn that destroys only the superficial cells of the epidermis, such as a mild sunburn, is classified as a:
First-degree