Chapter 5
more than 30
How many Hispanics currently serve in the U.S. House of Representatives?
100,000
How many Japanese Americans were forced to live in internment camps?
$20,000
How much was awarded in reparations to survivors of the War Department's Camps Camps?
were an inferior people
In 1892, Congress suspended Asian immigration to the United States on the grounds that Asians
Trail of Broken Treaties
In 1972, Native Americans organized a caravan titled the ______ that journeyed from California to Washington, D.C., to protest federal policy.
law
De jure segregation is allowed by what?
the desegregation of Little Rock Central High School.
Rioting broke out in 1957 during
1919
What year did the school system segregate in Orange County?
de facto discrimination.
The type of discrimination in which traditionally disadvantaged groups have fewer opportunities because of prejudice despite legal protections is
century
The Voting Rights Act was passed roughly how long after the Fifteenth Amendment?
California passed a law giving migrant workers the right to bargain collectively.
What was the first result of the national boycott of California lettuce and grapes that was launched by Cesar Chavez?
Earl Warren
What was the name of the Governor who signed the order to desegregate the school system in California?
David Marcus
What was the name of the attorney for the case that was filed against Westminster and other districts?
in their states of entry
Hispanics in the U.S. are generally concentrated
Went on a hunger strike while in jail.
How did the suffragette call attention to her cause?
banned forced segregation in public schools and did not concern forced integration.
Brown v. Board of Education
black primaries
Following the end of the Civil War, all of the following barriers were used by states to limit the right to vote of newly freed slaves, EXCEPT Multiple Choice literacy tests. the grandfather clause. poll taxes. black primaries.
black primaries
Following the passage of the Fifteenth Amendment, states enacted all of the following voting restrictions EXCEPT the grandfather clause. literacy tests. black primaries. poll taxes.
narrowly tailored
In determining that it was unconstitutional to reserve 10 percent of federally funded construction projects for minority-owned firms (Adarand v. Peña), the Supreme Court used what part of the test it applies to affirmative action cases?
is almost always unconstitutional.
In general, the Supreme Court has held that gender discrimination in law
citizens
Native Americans were not considered to be ______ until 1924.
7%
Of the 500 largest U.S. corporations, about ______ percent are headed by women.
about a year
How long after the initial Brown decision was this additional opinion issued?
12
How many Asian Americans currently serve in Congress?
bilingual
The landmark case of Lau v. Nichols (1974) resulted in many states offering ______ education in their public schools.
a bill passed by the House that would have led to the arrest and deportation of millions of undocumented immigrants.
The largest recent Hispanic demonstrations in the U.S. have been in reaction to
Plessy v. Ferguson
The "separate but equal" doctrine was established by which Supreme Court decision?
women minorities
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 classified which of the following as legally protected groups?
Adarand v. Peña
The Supreme Court decision in what case led many affirmative action opponents to believe that the Court may have been on its way to abolishing affirmative action completely?
Grandfather clause
This condition of voting stated that an individual was exempt from paying poll taxes or taking literacy tests if their grandfathers had the right to vote prior to 1965.
determined that segregated schools were inherently unequal.
Brown v. Board of Education ruling in 1954
The Sioux Tribe
What Native American Tribe was affected by the Standing Rock pipeline?
wounded knee
What Sioux village has been the site of both a U.S. cavalry massacre of Native Americans and a modern protest?
North Dakota
What State was the Pipleline being installed/modified in
He federalized the Arkansas National Guard.
What action did President Eisenhower take during the desegregation of Little Rock Central High School?
fines and/or imprisonment
What are the criminal penalties for violations of this act?
Mondays
What day was "Mexican Day" at the Plunge in Orange?
younger adults
What demographic group is most likely to support same-sex marriage?
The Compromise of 1877 in which Rutherford B. Hayes was elected
What ended the period of Recontstruction?
The United States Government withdrew the pipeline easement
What happened on December 4, 2016?
They were arrested for causing a public disturbance.
What happened to the female Protestors outside the White house?
discrimination
What is "America's curse," according to the author of An American Dilemma?
Segregation is not permitted anywhere.
What is the current status of de jure segregation in the United States?
voting rights act
What law, passed in 1965, removed certain barriers to voting, including the Grandfather Clause, the literacy test, and the poll tax?
2/3
What level of supermajority is required for a proposed constitutional amendment to pass Congress?
Ensuring equal treatment under the law
What was the goal of the Fourteenth Amendment?
to provide aid such as food, housing and training to former slaves
What was the objective of the Freedmen's Bureau?
"In oranges and women courage is often mistaken for insanity"
What was the quote that the Doctor giving the report said in reply to the dismissal of the comparison of the suffragettes to Patrick Henry?
To protect against the infiltration of Foreign Born, Negro, and Lower Grade Populations.
What was the stated goal of the Redlining Program?
1946
What year did the last Interment Camp close?
less than 1 million
When white settlers first arrived in what is now the U.S., there were approximately 5 to 10 million Native American inhabitants. By 1900, there were
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Which law, passed by Congress in 1965, outlawed discriminatory voting restrictions such as the grandfather clause and literacy test?
reasonable-basis test
Which legal test gives government considerable leeway in treating people differently, such as imposing a higher tax rate on upper-income Americans?
Ted Cruz Marco Rubio
Which of the following Hispanic politicians were top contenders for the Republican presidential nomination?
Navajo and Pueblo
Which of the following Native American tribes have a majority who speak native languages at home?
the right to openly enlist in the military the right to have the same benefits as traditional couples
Which of the following are rights gays and lesbians had to fight for in the U.S.?
removing discrimination in voting requirements
Which of the following best exemplifies the profound impact of the civil rights movement?
racial animus
Which of the following factors did the Court NOT list as something that might require additional time for compliance?
More than half grow up in a single-parent family.
Which of the following statements about African American children in the United States is true?
It grants certain employment protections to persons with disabilities. It requires government agencies to take steps to make their buildings accessible to persons with disabilities.
Which of the following statements about the Americans with Disabilities Act are true?
boycotts marches in nonviolent protest
Which of the following tactics were used by Martin Luther King Jr. in his leadership of the civil rights movement?
Equal Rights Amendment
Which proposed amendment to the Constitution was passed by the Congress in 1971 but failed to receive the necessary three-fourths majority?
They requested further argument on the question of relief since the cases occured in different locations and will cause local problems. Because it was such a great decision, each state was involved and knew of the desegration to occur.
Why did the Supreme Court request further argument after its initial Brown decision?
40:10
According to United States government statistics, roughly ______ percent of black children live in poverty, compared to ______ percent of white children
redlining
At one time, banks engaged in a practice known as ______, refusing to grant mortgage loans to people who lived in certain neighborhoods, especially those neighborhoods with large black populations.
19th
Which constitutional amendment granted women the right to vote?
Thaddeus Stevens
Who was the leader of the house when Andrew Johnson became president?
Woodrow Wilson
Who was the main character quoting during the protest in front of the White House?
95%
Despite the Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, by the 1970s ______ percent of black children were still attending schools that were mostly or entirely black.
winning elective office.
Despite the persisting issues of institutional racism, one area in which African Americans have made significant gains is in
Hugs and Slugs
How does the speaker define the conflict between moderal Republicans and Radical Republicans?
true:Many public accommodations refused to serve black customers even after the law, leading to a wave of civil unrest and protest.
True or false: Following the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, many restaurants, hotels, and other establishments still refused to serve black customers.
family structure
What accounts for the fact that Hispanics are healthier and have a longer life expectancy than would be predicted based on their education and income levels?
It allowed federal intervention in voter registration in states with a history of discriminating against black voters. It banned discriminatory voter registration practices.
What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 entail?
People hold deep-seated prejudices based on such things as race, color, and religion.
What is at the heart of many civil rights struggles for equality in the United States?
discriminatory practices in housing discriminatory practices in mortgage lending discriminatory real estate practices such as steering African American families to certain neighborhoods
Which practices were banned as a result of the Civil Rights Act of 1968? discriminatory practices in housing discriminatory restrictions for public facilities discriminatory practices in mortgage lending discriminatory restrictions on voter registration discriminatory practices in college admissions discriminatory real estate practices such as steering African American families to certain neighborhoods
the United States Civil Service Commission
Who appoints federal examiners under this statute?
A woman whose family sued to desegregate schools in Westminster.on her behalf
Who is Sylvia Mendez?
People choose to live with others who share their racial and ethnic characteristics.
Why does de facto segregation typically occur?
discrimination in voter registration.
Voting Rights Act of 1965
suspect classifications.
According to the Supreme Court, laws that discriminate between people based on their race or ethnicity are laws that make use of
A neighborhood mortgage loan risk assessment system created by the HOLC in collaboration with local lenders and Realtors.
According to the YouTube Video, what is Redlining?
One of the best areas in town - A
According to the map, Texas Christian University is located in University Place. This area is considered to be:
Misappropriation of the Tribal Funds held in trust by the Indian Bureau
According to the video the Tribe has endured all of the following atrocities except: A Massacre of many Members at Wounded Knee b. Misappropriation of the Tribal Funds held in trust by the Indian Bureau c. The Outlawing of their Religion d. Assimilation Boarding Schools
To bring Southern States back into the Union and save it
According to the video what were the goals of Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson
holding high-level political office holding the top position in corporations
According to today's statistics, Asian Americans are underrepresented in which of the following areas?
These areas were either filled or filling with high minority or low-income populations.
According, to the Fort Worth Redline map, what can be assumed about the Homeland, the Seminary Hills, and the Forest Hill Additions?
educational institutions employers
Affirmative action policies have been used by ______ to expand opportunities for women and minority group members.
equality
Although many Americans believe that the concept of ______ includes such things as access to jobs and health care, others argue that it means only that people are all treated the same under the law.
certain employers from paying women less than men for doing the same job.
Among the laws giving women greater equality in the workplace were laws prohibiting
1. supreme court ends school segregatoin in Brown v Board of Education of Topeka 2. Dr MLK delivers a speech before the participants of the march on washington for jobs and freedom 3. Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat on a bus to a white rider in Montgomery Alabama.
Arrange the following items in chronological order starting with the earliest challenge to segregation laws at the top.
both the U.S. House and the U.S. Senate
As of December 7, 1868, which of the following bodies had ratified the Fifteenth Amendment?
Abolitionist Movement
As part of what movement did advocates for women's suffrage (voting rights) become active on a large scale?
He did not believe there was a precise meaning.
How did Thomas Jefferson define the meaning of "all men are created equal"?
seperate
In Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court declared that ___________________ but equal facilities do not violate the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause.
gender, sex, or gender-based
In Rostker v. Goldberg (1980) the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of ______________ classifications even though such classification need to be scrutinized more closely than classifications by age or income.
required
In a 1947 case, the Supreme Court ruled that because they had no law school for black students, the University of Oklahoma was ______ to admit Ada Sipuel to its law school.
race
In order for a voting test or device to survive under this act, it must be shown that neither its purpose nor its effect is to discriminate on the basis of
establish policies aimed at giving minority-group members equal opportunities to obtain jobs.
In order to ensure equal employment opportunity for all, the federal government in the 1960s began to require agencies and businesses to
based on obsolete statistics.
In the case of Shelby v. Holder, the majority held that the formula for identifying states and counties subject to federal oversight was
African Americans
In the nineteenth century, which segments of the U.S. population endured a "previous condition of servitude"?
Shelby v. Holder
In this 2013 case, the Supreme Court overturned the formula used by Congress to determine which states required preclearance of their state redistricting plans?
voting rights
In what area of civil rights were Asian Americans particularly active in the 1960s?
Shelby v. Holder
In which 2013 case did the Supreme Court invalidate Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act that included the formula for determining which states and counties were subject to federal oversight?
United States v. Virginia
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that the male only admissions policy at the Virginia Military Institute was unconstitutional?
violation of the Fourteenth Amendment
On what grounds did the majority rule that school segregation violated the Constitution?
had less than 50 percent voter registration or participation in the 1964 election.
Section 4(b) applies only to those states that
poll taxes literacy tests whites-only primaries
Southern states used a number of devices to prevent African Americans from voting, including which of the following?
discrimination in public accommodations.
The 1964 Civil Rights Act banned
narrowly tailored
The Supreme Court has stated that in order for an affirmative action program to be upheld, the program must be
Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg County.
The Supreme Court ruled that the forced busing of children for the purpose of achieving racially integrated schools was constitutional in
groups more often fight for civil rights.
The law refers to the rights of individuals; however,
language
The purpose of Section 4(e) is to ensure that people are not prevented from voting on the basis of
voting rights
What is the main focus of the Fifteenth Amendment?
It is not part of the opinion, but states its key points.
What is the role of a syllabus in a judicial opinion?
less than a quarter
What portion of congressional seats are held by women?
Ronald Reagan
What president appointed the first woman (Sandra Day OConner) to the Supreme Court?
Obergefell v. Hodges
Which 2015 Supreme Court decision removed the ban on same-sex marriage, citing it violated the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection and due process clauses?
The majority are immigrants from Mexico and the Caribbean islands. Their numbers have more than doubled in the past twenty years.
Which is an accurate representation of the Hispanic population in the United States?
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Which landmark Supreme Court case declared affirmative action constitutional but invalidated the use of racial quotas?
jim crow
Which laws, passed in a number of states following the Civil War, required strict separation of the races in all public accommodations including schools, hospitals and hotels?
Casino gambling has raised Native Americans' average income level, but it is still far below the national average They are less than half as likely as other Americans to have completed college. The Native American infant mortality rate is nearly twice that of white Americans
Which of the following accurately describes Native Americans today?
Single-parent women who work in nonprofessional fields are particularly vulnerable to poverty. Most single-parent families are headed by women and one-third of those live below the poverty line. Many poor working women find that their wages cannot cover child-care expenses.
Which of the following accurately describes women and poverty?
a year-long bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama
Which of the following actions first made Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. a national symbol for the civil rights movement and earned him national media attention?
15th
Which of the following amendments prohibited government from denying citizens the right to vote based on their race, creed or condition of previous servitude?
A. Hispanics and African Americans still have difficulty obtaining mortgages (compared to whites). B. Segregated neighborhoods still exist.
Which of the following are among redlining's legacies? A. Hispanics and African Americans still have difficulty obtaining mortgages (compared to whites). B. Segregated neighborhoods still exist. C. Racially based neighborhood covenants still exist.
A state requires separate public bathrooms for black and white people. Women are not allowed to vote in federal elections.
Which of the following are examples of de jure discrimination?
A. the right of every person to equal protection under the law C. equal access to the opportunities society provides D. equal access to public facilities
Which of the following are included in the concept of equal rights, or civil rights? A. the right of every person to equal protection under the law B. the right of citizens to corporate profits C. equal access to the opportunities society provides D. equal access to public facilities
Most Americans support programs to give equal treatment to groups that have been disadvantaged historically. Preference programs have greater support among African Americans than among whites. Most Americans oppose programs that give preferential treatment to groups that have been disadvantaged historically
Which of the following statements about affirmative action are true?
