Chapter 5 biology questions
Which figure depicts an animal cell placed in a solution hypotonic to the cell?
A, burst
Which of the following is an accurate comparison of active transport and facilitated diffusion?
Active transport moves solutes against their concentration gradient; facilitated diffusion moves substances down their concentration gradient.
Which part of the ATP molecule breaks free of the rest when an ATP molecule is used for energy?
D
A child is brought to the hospital with a fever of 107°F. Doctors immediately order an ice bath to lower the child's temperature. Which of the following statements offers the most logical explanation for this action?
Elevated body temperatures may denature enzymes. This would interfere with the cell's abilities to catalyze various reactions.
an enzyme is
an organic catalyst
Cells store energy that they use for work in the _____.
arrangement of atoms within molecules
Anything that prevents ATP formation will most likely
cell death
Cellular respiration is an example of __________.
exergonic reaction
When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work, it uses the energy released from a(n) ________ reaction to drive a(n) ________ reaction.
exergonic, endergonic
Through energy coupling, cells use ....., or energy-releasing, reactions to drive ......, or energy-requiring, reactions. The molecule ......is the energy shuttle between these two types of reactions.
exergonic, endergonic, ATP
Certain cells that line the stomach synthesize a digestive enzyme and secrete it into the stomach. This enzyme is a protein. Which of the following processes could be responsible for its secretion?
exocytosis
Mechanisms such as ....... enable precise control over a cell's -- all of its chemical reactio
feedback inhibition... metabolism
3. There is a net diffusion of water out of an animal cell when it is placed in a(n) .....solution.
hypertonic
5. A plant cell placed in a(n) ....solution will lose water and plasmolyze.
hypertonic
2. An animal cell placed in a(n) .......solution will gain water, swell, and possibly burst.
hypotonic
4. The ideal osmotic environment for a plant cell is a(n) .....environment.
hypotonic
1. The ideal osmotic environment for an animal cell is a(n) ........ environment.
isotonic
6. A plant cell surrounded by a(n) ..... solution will be flaccid (limp).
isotonic
Light is _____ energy, which is converted into _____ energy by plants.
kinetic, chemical
Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by
passive transport
Most of this work is powered by the transfer of a phosphate group from one molecule to another in a process known as .
phosphorylization
Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient.
protein carrier, down
Most of the functions of a cell membrane, including transport and enzymatic function, are performed by
proteins
Enzymes work by _____.
reducing activation energy
When placed in a hypotonic environment, where the solute concentration is below that of the cell, a houseplant will _____.
remain standing upright
What name is given to the reactants in an enzymatically catalyzed reaction?
substrate
If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, whereas a plant cell will not. What accounts for this difference?
the relative inelasticity and strength of the plant cell wall Submit
Which of the following processes is endergonic?
the synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide and water
As a result of its involvement in a reaction, an enzyme _____.
unchanged